以thyA基因为选择压力非抗性质粒载体的构建

以干酷乳杆菌L.casei34103染色体DNA为模板,利用PCR技术扩增胸苷酸合成酶（Thymidylatesynthase,thyA)基因,回收纯化,选择以红霉素抗性为选择压力的可以在大肠杆菌和乳酸菌中穿梭表达的质粒pW425e为基本质粒,以thyA基因取代红霉素基因,获得重组载体并鉴定,此重组载体可以对thyA基因缺陷的大肠杆菌E.coli X51和嗜酸乳杆菌DOMLaS 107进行功能弥补,进而构建了以thyA基因为地选择压力的非抗生素抗性穿梭表达载体,其大小为3716bp,并命名为pW425t。     

通过大肠杆菌thyA染色体质粒平衡致死系统构建无抗性基因表达载体

克隆了大肠杆菌和霍乱弧菌胸腺嘧啶合成酶基因thyA,并以pcDNA3质粒为基础,分别用两种来源的thyA基因替代其氨苄抗性基因Amp,构建了不含抗性基因,且可在thyA营养缺陷型大肠杆菌中基于染色体-质粒平衡致死系统稳定传代的真核表达载体。该载体可有效表达红色荧光蛋白报告基因。为核酸疫苗的制备提供一个无抗性的表达载体系统。     

猪A组轮状病毒Vp6基因与乳酸菌非抗性表达载体的重组及在大肠杆菌中的表达

以猪A组轮状病毒mRNA为模板,应用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)技术,扩增了1194bp的Vp6基因,通过T-A克隆技术,将PCR产物克隆至克隆载体pGEM-TVector中,构建克隆质粒pGEM-T-Vp6。用SacⅠ和KpnⅠ双酶切pGEM-T-Vp6和以胸苷酸合成酶基因(thymidylate synthase,thyA)为选择压力的非抗生素抗性的穿梭表达载体pW425t,并将纯化的Vp6基因亚克隆至表达载体pW425t中,构建出可以在乳酸菌与大肠杆菌之间穿梭表达的原核表达重组质粒pW425t-Vp6。将pW425t-Vp6转化至thyA基因缺陷型的大肠杆菌感受态E.coliX13中,经生长功能弥补筛选阳性克隆,通过SDS-PAGE分析,可见约44.88kD的融合蛋白。由Western blot分析,表明该蛋白具有与轮状病毒多克隆抗体的反应原性,从而为pW425t-Vp6在乳酸菌受体菌株中表达提供理论基础和实验依据。     

链霉菌和大肠杆菌穿梭质粒载体的构建

本文报道了链霉菌和大肠杆菌穿梭质粒载体pSE-3的构建;把具有双启动子的大肠杆菌的质粒pGEM-3与新霉素抗性基因启动子缺失的链霉菌的探针质粒pIJ486分别用BamHI和BglⅡ酶切,T4 DNA连接酶连接后转化到E.coli HB101(Amp(?),Neo(?)),所得重组质粒能强启动pIJ486质粒上的氨基糖苷磷酸转移酶基因(aph),并使新霉素抗性基因在大肠杆菌中得到强表达。此重组质粒被命名为pSE-3,当其转化到变青链霉菌TK54(Tsr(?),Neo(?))的原生质体前,新霉素抗性基因亦能得到强表达。酶切结果表明,构建的具有两个启动子的穿梭质粒载体pSE-3上有HindⅢ和EcoRI的单酶位点,拷贝数约为39。经再转化和传代50代等研究表明,穿梭质粒载体pSE-3在链霉菌和大肠杆菌中均是稳定的。为某些有应用价值的目的基因在大肠杆菌和链霉菌中的克隆与表达提供了一个有价值的穿梭质粒载体。     

大肠杆菌胸腺嘧啶合成酶thyA缺失突变菌株的构建

大肠杆菌K12 DY330菌株的染色体上整合有一种新型的同源重组系统——缺陷型λ原噬菌体同源重组系统。以DY330为出发菌,通过同源重组构建大肠杆菌thyA-株DY330TI,其基因组特点是：thyA基因除保留N端的1～49氨基酸残基相对应的必需核苷酸序列外,将其余部分全部缺失;此外,还敲除了DY330TI中与缺陷型λ原噬菌体同源重组功能相关的基因,从而尽可能避免了通过同源重组产生回复突变的可能性。通过大肠杆菌thyA基因对该突变株的转化实验,检测转化子的回复突变率,进一步证实该突变株的突变性状稳定,为构建以thyA为选择标志的大肠杆菌染色体质粒平衡致死系统提供了合适的缺陷型宿主菌。     

糖多孢红霉菌多拷贝表达载体pZM的构建

对糖多孢红霉菌染色体上红霉素生物合成基因进行改造 ,已经合成了多种红霉素类似物。在糖多孢红霉菌中对红霉素类似物进行结构修饰 ,以pWOR1 0 9质粒为基础构建糖多孢红霉菌多拷贝表达载体pZM。pZM载体带有PermE启动子、fd终止子、多克隆位点、硫链丝菌肽和氨苄青霉素抗性基因、以及在大肠杆菌和糖多孢红霉菌中复制的ColE1ori和pJV1ori复制子 ,系可在大肠杆菌和糖多孢红霉菌中扩增的穿梭质粒。在糖多孢红霉菌中 ,pZM可以表达氨普霉素抗性基因和绿色荧光蛋白基因 ,从糖多孢红霉菌中提取的表达质粒酶切图谱与转化前一致 ,表明pZM是糖多孢红霉菌中多拷贝、稳定的表达载体。     

大肠杆菌外源蛋白表达载体稳定性的研究进展

构建高产、稳定、可靠的质粒载体成为基因重组表达技术的研究重点之一。宿主细胞代谢反应和质粒不稳定性相关信息的缺乏,仍然阻碍着质粒载体的优化,成为限制外源蛋白在大肠杆菌中高效表达的瓶颈之一。主要论述了大肠杆菌外源蛋白表达载体的稳定性,分别从质粒和外源基因的本身特性、重组质粒转化对宿主细胞造成的影响及其他因素等方面阐述了对质粒载体稳定性的影响,同时介绍了相关的解决办法,从而为大肠杆菌表达系统高效表达外源蛋白提供参考。     

邻苯二酚氧化酶基因在根癌农杆菌中的表达——多用途基因载体的构建

来源于假单胞杆菌的邻苯二酚氧化酶结构基因与质粒四环素抗性基因的启动子相拼接构成的融合基因,不仅能在大肠杆菌中表达,而且也能在根癌农杆菌中表达。带有这融合基因作为标记的重组质粒pBZ 731,具有EcoR Ⅰ,Hind Ⅲ,BamH Ⅰ,Kpn Ⅰ,Hpa Ⅰ等多个单一的酶切位点,因而可作为常规的基因载体。重组质粒pBZ 732还可作为中间载体将外源基因引入植物基因工程载体pGV 3850,利用pBZ731和pBZ 732可以研究任何其它来源的启动子是否能在根癌农杆菌中发挥作用。以pBZ731和pBZ 732作为基因载体、检测方便而且极其迅速。     

利用λ-Red重组系统和平衡致死系统改造抗药性致腹泻工程疫苗

质粒pMM085是含有猪毒素源性大肠杆菌(ETEC)的黏附素K88与无毒肠毒素LTA-B 基因的重组质粒,含氯霉素抗性基因,由此构建的菌苗株带有抗药性。利用平衡致死系统改建此疫苗株,即将质粒上的氯霉素抗性基因cat替换成asd基因,并把新构建的质粒转移到缺失asd基因的大肠杆菌X6097中。但由于质粒pMM085是一个23kD的大质粒,传统的基因工程操作不易进行,利用λ-Red重组系统,将表达Red重组蛋白的质粒pKD46转化含pMM085的大肠杆菌X6097,并用两端各带有39ntcat基因同源区、含全长asd基因的PCR产物电击转化此感受态细胞,在λ-Red重组系统的帮助下,成功实现了asd基因对cat基因的置换。     

油菜叶绿体乙酰辅酶A羧化酶单交换表达载体的构建

根据已知序列设计引物,通过PCR扩增获得质体定位的乙酰辅酶A羧化酶的4个亚基的基因序列。先将该酶4个亚基的基因进行拼接,然后将这4个拼接好的片段,克隆到pMD18-T载体上,得到质粒pH BM714。再以质粒pHBM714 DNA为模板,用分别带有CpoI和Asc I酶切位点的引物进行PCR扩增,PCR产物在dTTP的保护下经T4 DNA聚合酶处理,与将质粒pHBM720DNA纯化后经CpoI和AscI双酶切后得到的大片段连接,连接产物转化大肠杆菌Xl_(10)-gold,得到正确的重组子命名为pHBM726。此质粒pH BM726,即为带有壮观霉素抗性基因(aadA)筛选标记的质体定位的乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因油菜叶绿体单交换表达载体;在此载体中壮观霉素抗性基因(aadA)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶的4个亚基的基因(ACC)和绿色荧光蛋白基因(gfp)共6个基因串联在一起,共用一个启动子序列,一起来进行表达;通过酶切检测、PCR验证和测序验证,均表明该表达载体构建成功。最后此载体在大肠杆菌中表达时,发现重组菌能够在含壮观霉素的培养基上生长,且在可见光下,能看到绿色荧光,表明壮观霉素抗性基因和绿色荧光蛋白基因均在大肠杆菌中成功表达;表达产物通过Western印迹验证表明组成乙酰辅酶A羧化酶的4个亚基的基因在大肠杆菌中成功表达。以上结果表明,该表达载体中串联排列的这6个基因均在大肠杆菌中成功表达。该研究结果可为质体定位的乙酰辅酶A羧化酶转叶绿体的研究奠定基础,为油菜油脂代谢研究提供参考。     

Development of a chromosome-plasmid balanced lethal system for Lactobacillus acidophilus with thyA gene as selective marker

A chromosome-plasmid balanced lethal gene delivery system for Lactobacillus acidophilus based on the thyA gene was developed. The selected L. acidophilus DOM La strain carries a mutated thyA gene and has an obligate requirement for thymidine. This strain can be used as a host for the constructed shuttle vector pFXL03, lacking antibiotic-resistant markers but having the wild-type thyA gene from L. casei which complements the thyA chromosomal mutation. The vector also contains the replicon region from plasmid pUC19 and that of the Lactococcus plasmid pWV01, which allows the transfer between Escherichia coli, L. casei and L. acidophilus. Eight unique restriction sites (i.e., PstI, HindIII, SphI, SalI, AccI, XbaI, KpnI and SacI) are available for cloning. After 40-time transfers in modified MRS medium, no plasmid loss was observed. The vector pFXL03 is potentially useful as a food-grade vaccine delivery system for L. acidophilus.     

Thymidylate synthase gene from Lactococcus lactis as a genetic marker: an alternative to antibiotic resistance genes

The potential of the thymidylate synthase thyA gene cloned from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis as a possible alternative selectable marker gene to antibiotic resistance markers has been examined. The thyA mutation is a recessive lethal one; thyA mutants cannot survive in environments containing low amounts of thymidine or thymine (such as Luria-Bertani medium) unless complemented by the thyA gene. The cloned thyA gene was strongly expressed in L. lactis subsp. lactis, Escherichia coli, Rhizobium meliloti, and a fluorescent Pseudomonas strain. In addition, when fused to a promoterless enteric lac operon, the thyA gene drove expression of the lac genes in a number of gram-negative bacteria. In transformation experiments with thyA mutants of E. coli and conjugation experiments with thyA mutants of R. meliloti, the lactococcal thyA gene permitted selection of transformants and transconjugants with the same efficiency as did genes for resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, or tetracycline. Starting from the broad-host-range plasmid pGD500, a plasmid, designated pPR602, was constructed which is completely free of antibiotic resistance genes and has the lactococcal thyA gene fused to a promoterless lac operon. This plasmid will permit growth of thyA mutant strains in the absence of thymidine or thymine and has a number of unique restriction sites which can be used for cloning.     

Thymidylate synthase gene from Lactococcus lactis as a genetic marker: an alternative to antibiotic resistance genes.

The potential of the thymidylate synthase thyA gene cloned from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis as a possible alternative selectable marker gene to antibiotic resistance markers has been examined. The thyA mutation is a recessive lethal one; thyA mutants cannot survive in environments containing low amounts of thymidine or thymine (such as Luria-Bertani medium) unless complemented by the thyA gene. The cloned thyA gene was strongly expressed in L. lactis subsp. lactis, Escherichia coli, Rhizobium meliloti, and a fluorescent Pseudomonas strain. In addition, when fused to a promoterless enteric lac operon, the thyA gene drove expression of the lac genes in a number of gram-negative bacteria. In transformation experiments with thyA mutants of E. coli and conjugation experiments with thyA mutants of R. meliloti, the lactococcal thyA gene permitted selection of transformants and transconjugants with the same efficiency as did genes for resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, or tetracycline. Starting from the broad-host-range plasmid pGD500, a plasmid, designated pPR602, was constructed which is completely free of antibiotic resistance genes and has the lactococcal thyA gene fused to a promoterless lac operon. This plasmid will permit growth of thyA mutant strains in the absence of thymidine or thymine and has a number of unique restriction sites which can be used for cloning.     

杆状病毒表达系统的改进及IL-6在昆虫细胞内的表达和纯化

使用同源重组方法,在昆虫细胞内将多角体启动子驱动的EGFP表达盒插入杆状病毒穿梭载体Bacmid的p74位相,经5轮空斑纯化获得重组穿梭载体Bacmid-egfp。然后将Bacmid-egfp转化含转座助手质粒的E.coliDH10B,获得受体菌E.coliDH10Bac-egfp,由于Bacmid-egfp保留了完整的转座结构和α互补功能,因此该菌株和原始E.coliDH10Bac一样能有效的利用各种pFastBac系列的载体进行转座并构建出能指示病毒繁殖和目的基因表达的重组病毒。使用红色荧光蛋白DsRed对系统进行了验证,结果表明重组病毒Bac-egfp-DsRed感染的细胞中绿色荧光蛋白和红色荧光蛋白均得到了高效表达。进一步使用该系统在昆虫细胞中高效表达并纯化了IL-6蛋白,为研究和应用该细胞因子提供物质基础,同时也进一步证明所改造的杆状病毒表达系统的可靠性和实用性。     

Directional and direct cloning strategy for high-throughput generation of recombinant baculoviruses

The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) has become one of the most widely used systems for routine protein expression. We have developed an improved strategy to clone foreign genes directionally and directly into the baculovirus genome vector via a one-step procedure to generate recombinant viruses in a week. In this work, we constructed a host strain Escherichia coli DH10BacHB1.1, which contains the modified baculovirus shuttle genome vector pHBMBacmid1.1 for the cloning vector. The treated PCR products of foreign genes were ligated with the Bsu36I-digested vector. Then Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells were transfected directly with the ligation mixture. Using this method, the DsRed fluorescence protein and mannanase genes have been cloned in the baculovirus genome and expressed in the Sf9 cells. This strategy not only provides a means for high-throughput construction of recombinant baculoviruses, but also offers an idea of constructing other large plasmids and DNA virus-based expression vectors.     

Construction of plasmid vectors with a non-antibiotic selection system based on the Escherichia coli thyA+ gene: application to cholera vaccine development.

The construction of live oral carriers based on attenuated Salmonella strains as vectors offers a new approach to vaccine development. We have constructed a set of plasmid vectors which have the thyA gene of Escherichia coli (encoding thymidylate synthetase) as the marker for selection and maintenance of plasmid clones. The thyA system offers an alternative to antibiotic-resistance selection markers. It can be easily adapted to a particular host-vector combination since thyA chromosomal mutations can be readily introduced by trimethoprim selection. We also describe the construction of thyA-based plasmids with the Vibrio cholerae rfb genes (encoding O-antigen biosynthesis of the Inaba serotype). These have been found to be useful in the construction of candidate bivalent cholera-typhoid vaccines.     

表达SLTEC保护性抗原的重组猪霍乱沙门氏菌C500株的构建及生物学特性

摘要:【目的】 利用平衡致死系统构建表达产类志贺氏毒素大肠杆菌(Shiga-like toxin Escherichia coli , SLTEC)保护性抗原的减毒猪霍乱沙门氏菌。【方法】 构建表达SLT-IIeB－FedF的重组质粒 ,再将其电转入终宿主菌减毒猪霍乱沙门氏菌ΔasdC500株中构建成口服活疫苗株 ,经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测SLT-IIeB－FedF融合蛋白的表达情况,并观察重组菌体外培养的稳定性。【结果】 　利用宿主-载体平衡致死系统构建了表达SLTEC保护性抗原的重组减毒猪霍乱沙门氏菌     

ThyA as a selection marker in construction of food-grade host-vector and integration systems for Streptococcus thermophilus

We constructed food-grade host-vector and integration systems for Streptococcus thermophilus by using a thymidylate synthase gene (thyA) as the selection marker. Two thyA genes, thyA(St) and thyA(Lb), were cloned from S. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, respectively. Thymidine-requiring mutants of S. thermophilus were obtained after successive cultures in the presence of trimethoprim, and one of them, TM1-1, was used as the host. Food-grade vectors were constructed by using either thyA(St) or thyA(Lb) as the selection marker. Transformants of TM1-1 created by using these vectors were selected for thymidine autotrophy as efficiently as for erythromycin resistance. By using the host-vector system developed in this way, a foreign amylase gene (amyA) was expressed in TM1-1 and was also integrated into the chromosome by use of a temperature-sensitive integration vector constructed with thyA(Lb) as the selection marker via a double-crossover event. The results obtained show that thyA is an efficient and safe selection marker for S. thermophilus that is suitable for food applications.