Pseudoxanthomonas icgebensis sp. nov., isolated from the midgut of Anopheles stephensi field-collected larvae

A Gram-negative, aerobic, golden yellow, rod-shaped bacterium, a strain designated ICGEB-L15(T), was isolated from the larval midgut of Anopheles stephensi captured in District Jhajjar, Haryana, India. The strain ICGEB-L15(T) grows at 30-50°C (optimum 30-37°C), pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum 7.0-8.0) and in the presence of 2% NaCl. The major fatty acids were iso-C(15:0) (22.5% of total fatty acid), anteiso-C(15:0) (16.5%), iso-C(17:1) 9c (10.3%), iso-C(16:0) (7.3%), C(16:0) (6.1%), and iso-C(11:0) (5.3%). The strain showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with the type strains Pseudoxanthomonas daejeonensis KCTC 12207(T) (97.4%), Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis J36(T) (97.17%), and Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana AMX 26B(T) (97.11%). The DNA relatedness between ICGEB-L15(T) and Pseudoxanthomonas daejeonensis KCTC 12207(T), Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis J36(T) and Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana AMX 26B(T) was 24.5%, 28.2%, and 33.6%, respectively. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 69.9 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone of strain ICGEB-L15(T) was Q-8. The strain ICGEB-L15(T) represents a novel species of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas based on physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic properties; therefore, the name Pseudoxanthomonas icgebensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ICGEB-L15(T) (=KACC 14090(T) =DSM 22536(T)).     

Paenibacillus xylaniclasticus sp. nov., a xylanolytic-cellulolytic bacterium isolated from sludge in an anaerobic digester

A mesophilic, facultative, anaerobic, xylanolytic-cellulolytic bacterium, TW1(T), was isolated from sludge in an anaerobic digester fed with pineapple waste. Cells stained Gram-positive, were spore-forming, and had the morphology of straight to slightly curved rods. Growth was observed in the temperature range of 30 to 50°C (optimum 37°C) and the pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 (optimum pH 7.0) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone with seven isoprene units (MK-7). Anteiso-C(15:0), iso-C(16:0), anteiso-C(17:0), and C(16:0) were the predominant cellular fatty acids. The G+C content of the DNA was 49.5 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA showed that strain TW1(T) belonged within the genus Paenibacillus and was closely related to Paenibacillus cellulosilyticus LMG 22232(T), P. curdlanolyticus KCTC 3759(T), and P. kobensis KCTC 3761(T) with 97.7, 97.5, and 97.3% sequence similarity, respectively. The DNA-DNA hybridization values between the isolate and type strains of P. cellulosilyticus LMG 22232(T), P. curdlanolyticus KCTC 3759(T), and P. kobensis KCTC 3761(T) were found to be 18.6, 18.3, and 18.0%, respectively. The protein and xylanase patterns of strain TW1(T) were quite different from those of the type strains of closely related Paenibacillus species. On the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness and phenotypic analyses, phylogenetic data and the enzymatic pattern presented in this study, strain TW1(T) should be classified as a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus xylaniclasticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TW1(T) (=NBRC 106381(T) =KCTC 13719(T) =TISTR 1914(T)).     

Methylobacterium soli sp. nov. a methanol-utilizing bacterium isolated from the forest soil

A Gram-negative, pink-pigmented, non-spore-forming rod shaped, methanol-utilizing bacterium, strain YIM 48816(T), was isolated from forest soil collected from Sichuan province, China. Strain YIM 48816(T) can grow at 4-37 °C, pH 5.0-7.0 and 0% NaCl (w/v). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, it belonged to the genus Methylobacterium, and formed a phyletic line. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities were 96.2% to Methylobacterium mesophilicum DSM 1708(T) and 96.0% to Methylobacterium brachiatum DSM 19569(T), and the phylogenetic similarities to all other Methylobacterium species with validly published names were less than 96.0%. The major menaquinones detected were Q-10 (97.14%) and Q-9 (2.86%). The major fatty acids were C18:1 ω7c (80.84%). The DNA G + C content was 66.2 mol%. It is apparent from the genotypic and phenotypic data that strain YIM 48816(T) belongs to a novel species of the genus Methylobacterium, for which the name Methylobacterium soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 48816(T) (CCTCC AA 208027(T) = KCTC 22810(T)).     

Flavobacterium cheonhonense sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater reservoir

A novel bacterium, designated strain ARSA-15(T), was isolated from a freshwater sample collected from the Cheonho reservoir, Cheonan, Republic of Korea. The isolate was deep-yellow pigment, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, and catalase- and oxidase-positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate belongs to the genus Flavobacterium, and shared less than 97% sequence similarity with recognized Flavobacterium species. The novel species was able to grow at 10-37°C, pH 6.5-10.0, and in 0-0.5% (w/v) NaCl concentrations. Chemotaxonomically, iso-C(15:1), iso-C(15:0), and iso-C(16:0) were observed to be the predominant cellular fatty acid, and menaquinone-6 (MK-6) was the predominant respiratory quinone. The major polar lipid patterns of strain ARSA-19(T) was phosphatidylethanolamine, unknown aminolipid (AL1 and AL2), and unidentified polar lipids (L1, L2, and L3). The genomic DNA G+C content of the isolate was 39.2 mol%. On the basis of polyphasic approach, strain ARSA-15(T) represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium cheonhonense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ARSA-15(T) (=KACC 14967(T) =KCTC 23180(T) =JCM 17064(T)).     

Hymenobacter perfusus sp. nov., Hymenobacter flocculans sp. nov. and Hymenobacter metalli sp. nov. three new species isolated from an uranium mine waste water treatment system

Three red-pink pigmented strains, designated A1-12(T), A2-50A(T) and A2-91(T), were recovered from two different sites in a uranium mine. For all strains, the optimum growth temperature was 25°C, the optimum pH was 6.0-6.5 and the DNA G+C contents were between 60 and 63.4 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and the fatty acid profiles contained iso- and anteiso-branched C15 fatty acids, summed feature 3 (16:1 ω6c and/or ω7c and/or 15:0 iso 2-OH), summed feature 4 (17:1 anteiso B and/or iso I) and the unsaturated fatty acid 16:1 ω5c as the major components. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that these organisms represented three distinct branches within the family Flexibacteraceae most closely related to the members of the genus Hymenobacter. Strain A1-12(T) formed a distinct phylogenetic line along with H. rigui KCTC 12533(T) and they shared approximately 98.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. However, these two strains shared only 14.7% pairwise similarity in their genomic DNA. Strains A2-50A(T) and A2-91(T) formed two distinct lineages, related to the species H. soli KCTC 12607(T), sharing about 95.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between themselves, and 88.3 and 92.0% with other members of the genus Hymenobacter. Based on the phylogenetic analysis and physiological and biochemical characteristics, these isolates were considered to represent three novel species for which we propose the names Hymenobacter perfusus for strain A1-12(T) (=CIP 110166=LMG 26000), Hymenobacter flocculans for strain A2-50A(T) (=CIP 110139=LMG 25699) and Hymenobacter metalli for strain A2-91(T) (=CIP 110140=LMG 25700).     

Halomonas alkalitolerans sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacteriun isolated from soda meadow saline soil in Daqing, China

A moderately halophilic bacterial strain 15-13(T), which was isolated from soda meadow saline soil in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, China, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The cells of strain 15-13 were found to be Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and motile. The required growth conditions for strain 15-13(T) were: 1-23% NaCl (optimum, 7%), 10-50°C (optimum, 35°C), and pH 7.0-11.0 (optimum, pH 9.5). The predominant cellular fatty acids were C(18:1) ω7c (60.48%) and C(16:0) (13.96%). The DNA G+C content was 67.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain 15-13(T) clustered within a branch comprising species of the genus Halomonas. The closest phylogenetic neighbor of strain 15-13(T) was Halomonas pantelleriensis DSM 9661(T) (98.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between the novel isolated strain and H pantelleriensis DSM 9661(T) was 33.8%. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain 15-13(T) represents a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas alkalitolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain for this novel species is 15-13(T) (=CGMCC 1.9129(T) =NBRC 106539(T)).     

Acinetobacter marinus sp. nov. and Acinetobacter seohaensis sp. nov., isolated from sea water of the Yellow Sea in Korea

Two Gram-negative, nonmotile, coccobacilli, SW-3T and SW-100T, were isolated from sea water of the Yellow Sea in Korea. Strains SW-3T and SW-100T contained ubiquinone-9 (Q-9) as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and C18:1 omega9c and C16:0 as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C contents of strains SW-3T and SW-100T were 44.1 mol% and 41.9 mol%, respectively. A neighbor-joining tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the two isolates fell within the evolutionary radiation enclosed by the genus Acinetobacter. Strains SW-3T and SW-100T exhibited a 16S rRNA gene similarity value of 95.7% and a mean DNA-DNA relatedness level of 9.2%. Strain SW-3T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 93.5-96.9% to the validly described Acinetobacter species and fifteen Acinetobacter genomic species. Strain SW-100T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of less than 97.0% to the other Acinetobacter species except Acinetobacter towneri DSM 14962T (98.0% similarity). Strains SW-3T and SW-100T exhibited mean levels of DNA-DNA relatedness of 7.3-16.7% to the type strains of some phylogenetically related Acinetobacter species. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic, and genetic data, strains SW-3T and SW-100T were classified in the genus Acinetobacter as two distinct novel species, for which the names Acinetobacter marinus sp. nov. (type strain SW-3T=KCTC 12259T=DSM 16312T) and Acinetobacter seohaensis sp. nov. (type strain SW-100T=KCTC 12260T=DSM 16313T) are proposed, respectively.     

Characterization of Halanaerocella petrolearia gen. nov., sp. nov., a new anaerobic moderately halophilic fermentative bacterium isolated from a deep subsurface hypersaline oil reservoir

An anaerobic, halophilic, and fermentative bacterium, strain S200(T), was isolated from a core sample of a deep hypersaline oil reservoir. Cells were rod-shaped, non-motile, and stained Gram-positive. It grew at NaCl concentrations ranging from 6 to 26% (w/v), with optimal growth at 15% (w/v) NaCl, and at temperatures between 25 and 47°C with an optimum at 40-45°C. The optimum pH was 7.3 (range 6.2-8.8; no growth at pH 5.8 and pH 9). The doubling time in optimized growth conditions was 3.5 h. Strain S200(T) used exclusively carbohydrates as carbon and energy sources. The end products of glucose degradation were lactate, formate, ethanol, acetate, H(2), and CO(2). The predominant cellular fatty acids were non-branched fatty acids C(16:1), C(16:0), and C(14:0). The G + C mole% of the DNA was 32.7%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain S200(T) formed a distinct lineage within the family Halobacteroidaceae, order Halanaerobiales, and was most closely related to Halanaerobaculum tunisiense DSM 19997(T) and Halobacteroides halobius DSM 5150(T), with sequence similarity of 92.3 and 91.9%, respectively. On the basis of its physiological and genotypic properties, strain S200(T) is proposed to be assigned to a novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Halanaerocella petrolearia is proposed. The type strain of Halanaerocella petrolearia is strain S200(T) (=DSM 22693(T) = JCM 16358(T)).     

Nakamurella panacisegetis sp. nov. and proposal for reclassification of Humicoccus flavidus Yoon et al., 2007 and Saxeibacter lacteus Lee et al., 2008 as Nakamurella flavida comb. nov. and Nakamurella lactea comb. nov

A novel actinobacterial strain, designated P4-7(T), was isolated from soil of a ginseng field located in Geumsan County, Korea. Cells of the strain were aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, short rods. The isolate contained MK-8(H(4)) as the predominant menaquinone, iso-C(16:0), anteiso-C(15:0) and anteiso-C(17:0) as the major fatty acids, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol as the major polar lipids, glucose, mannose, xylose, ribose and rhamnose as whole-cell sugars, and meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain P4-7(T) belongs to the family Nakamurellaceae and is most closely related to Nakamurella multipartita, Humicoccus flavidus and Saxeibacter lacteus (96.3, 97.0 and 96.4% similarity to the respective type strains). Based on comparative analyses of the 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences and chemotaxonomic data, it is proposed that H. flavidus and S. lacteus be transferred to the genus Nakamurella. Combined genotypic and phenotypic data also suggested that strain P4-7(T) be placed in a novel species of the genus Nakamurella, for which the name Nakamurella panacisegetis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is P4-7(T) (=KCTC 19426(T)=CECT 7604(T)).     

Homoserinimonas aerilata gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Microbacteriaceae isolated from an air sample in Korea

A bacterial strain isolated from an air sample, strain 5317J-19(T), was characterized. The isolate was an aerobic, motile, Gram-positive rod. The organism was able to grow between 4 and 35°C and between pH 6 and 9. The predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C(15:0) and iso-C(16:0). The major respiratory menaquinones were MK-12 and MK-11, and the minor ones were MK13, MK-10, and MK-9. Genomic DNA G+C content was 66 mol%. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan is presumably D-Orn. The peptidoglycan is supposed to be B2β type. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that this isolate belongs to the family Microbacteriaceae and had the highest sequence similarities with Salinibacterium xinjiangense 0543(T) (97.6%), Salinibacterium amurskyense KMM 3673(T) (97.2%), and Leifsonia bigeumensis MSL-27(T) (97.2%). Phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic characteristics support the proposal of a new genus and a novel species, with the name Homoserinimonas aerilata gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Homoserinimonas aerilata is 5317J-19(T) (=KACC 15522(T) =NBRC 108729(T)).     

Alkalibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a new halophilic species isolated from hypersaline soil in Xin-Jiang province, China

A halophilic, Gram-positive, spore-forming motile Bacillus-like strain YIM 012(T), was isolated from one of the hypersaline soil samples collected in Xin-jiang province, China. Its optimum growth occurred at 10-20% of NaCl concentration (w/v), pH 7.0-8.0. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain YIM 012(T) is a member of the genus of Alkalibacillus, which is well supported by its chemotaxonomic and molecular characteristics. Based on its phenotypic evidence and genotypic data, Alkalibacillus halophilus sp. nov. was proposed and strain YIM 012(T) (=DSM 17369(T)=KCTC 3990(T)) was assigned as the type strain of the novel species.     

Ferroplasma cupricumulans sp. nov., a novel moderately thermophilic, acidophilic archaeon isolated from an industrial-scale chalcocite bioleach heap

A new species of Archaea was isolated from an industrial mineral sulphide bioleach heap. Strain BH2, a non-motile pleomorphic coccus, was capable of chemomixotrophic growth on ferrous sulphate and yeast extract. Growth was not supported in the absence of yeast extract. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that strain BH2 was most closely related to the species Ferroplasma acidiphilum; however, it showed only 95% sequence similarity with this species. Strain BH2 had a temperature optimum of 53.6°C and a temperature range for growth between 22 and 63°C. Thus, it is the first moderately thermophilic member of the genus Ferroplasma. The optimum pH for the growth of the strain occurred between pH 1.0 and 1.2 and the lowest pH at which growth was observed was 0.4. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and other physiological characteristics, strain BH2 constitutes a new species within the genus Ferroplasma. The name Ferroplasma cupricumulans is proposed for the new species and strain BH2 (DSM 16651) is proposed as the type strain.     

Deinococcus soli sp. nov., a gamma- and uv-radiation-resistant bacterium from north-west China

An ionizing- and UV-radiation-resistant bacterial strain, designated ZLM-202T, was isolated from an arid soil sample collected from Xinjiang Province, north-west China. The soil sample was irradiated before serial dilution plating was performed using twofold-diluted marine agar. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain ZLM-202T was a member of the genus Deinococcus, exhibiting sequence similarities of 86.3-92.2% to the type strains of recognized Deinococcus species. Strain-ZLM-202 was strictly aerobic and showed optimum growth at 30-37 degrees C and pH 7.0. The major respiratory menaquinone was MK-8. The major fatty acids were 16:1 omega7c, 16:0, 15:1 omega6c, 15:0 iso and 16:1 omega5c. L-ornithine was detected in its peptidoglycan. The polar lipid profile consisted mainly of various unknown phosphoglycolipids, aminophospholipids, glycolipids and phospholipids. The DNA G + C content was 65.5 mol. %. The strain was shown to be extremely resistant to gamma radiation (> 10 kGy) and UV light (> 600 J m(-2)). On the basis of the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain ZLM-202T represents a novel species of the genus Deinococcus, for which the name Deinococcus soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ZLM-202T (= CCTCC AB 208223T = KCTC 13419T).     

Oceanobacillus kimchii sp. nov. Isolated from a traditional Korean fermented food

A moderate halophile, strain X50^T, was isolated from mustard kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. The organism grew under conditions ranging from 0–15.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum: 3.0%), pH 7.0–10.0 (optimum: pH 9.0) and 15–45°C (optimum: 37°C). The morphological, physiological, and biochemical features and the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain X50^T were characterized. Colonies of the isolate were creamcolored and the cells were rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain X50^T belongs to the genus Oceanobacillus and is closely related phylogenetically to the type strain O. iheyensis HTE831^T (98.9%) and O. oncorhynchi subsp. oncorhynchi R-2^T (97.0%). The cellular fatty acid profiles predominately included anteiso-C_15:0 and iso-C_15:0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of the isolate was 37.9 mol% and the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, DNA-DNA relatedness and physiological and biochemical tests indicated genotypic and phenotypic differences among strain X50^T and reference species in the genus Oceanobacillus. Therefore, strain X50^T was proposed as a novel species and named Oceanobacillus kimchii. The type strain of the new species is X50^T (=JCM 16803^T =KACC 14914^T =DSM 23341^T).     

日本三宅岛火山土壤中硫代硫酸盐氧化菌的分离、生物学特性及鉴定

【目的】利用培养法从日本三宅岛火山土壤(堆积年限131年)中分离到一株能氧化分解硫代硫酸盐的细菌MU2A-22T。【方法】用培养法对该菌株MU2A-22T进行了生理生化性质以及分类学位置上的确定。【结果】菌株MU2A-22T为革兰氏阴性,短杆状或球状。理化性质表明该菌株能利用葡萄糖、L-阿拉伯糖、葡萄糖酸盐、己二酸酯、dL-苹果酸钠、硫代硫酸钠(最适浓度为2.5 mmol/L)为唯一碳源进行自养生长。最适生长温度为25°C 30°C,最适pH为6.0 8.0。菌株MU2A-22T的16S rRNA序列与菌株Paracoccus solventivorans 6637T亲缘关系最近,序列相似性为97%,编码核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶(Rubisco)的基因也被确定。对Paracoccus属内几种近缘菌的脂肪酸分析,证明菌株MU2A-22T中含有Paracoccus属的特征氨基酸,其中含量大于10%的分别为C18:1(74.7%)和C18:0(12.1%)。DNA-DNA杂交实验表明,菌株MU2A-22T与Paracoccus solventivorans 6637TDNA的相似度为49.3%。MU2A-22T菌株G+C含量为66.5%66.7%。【结论】菌株MU2A-22T为Paracoccus属内的一新种菌(登录号GQ452286),命名为Paracoccus scorialis sp.nov.。     

Isolation of Paenibacillus pinesoli sp. nov. from forest soil in Gyeonggi-Do,Korea

Using a new culture method for unculturable soil bacteria, strain NB5^T was isolated from forest soil at Kyonggi University, and characterized taxonomically on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence as well as phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics. The novel strain was a Gram- and catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, which grew in the pH range 6.0–9.5 (optimum, 6.5–9.5) and at temperatures between 15°C and 45°C (optimum, 25–40°C). Growth was possible at 0–5% NaCl (optimum, 0% to 3%) in nutrient, Luria-Bertani, and trypticase soy broths (TSB), as well as R2A medium (with optimal growth in TSB). A phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the novel strain was affiliated with the genus Paenibacillus and had 96.8% and 96.5% similarity to P. nanensis MX2-3^T and P. agaridevorans DSM 1355^T, respectively. The predominant menaquinone in NB5^T was MK-7; the major fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0 and iso-C_16:0; and the DNA G+C content was 54.5 mol%. We propose this strain as a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, and suggest the name Paenibacillus pinesoli sp. nov. (type strain, KACC 17472^T=KEMB 9005-025^T=JCM 19203^T).     

Microbacterium marinum sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea water

Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterial strains, H101(T) and H207, were isolated from deep sea water collected from South-West Indian Ocean. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the two strains were closely related to one another (100% similarity), and had the closest relationship with Microbacterium hominis NBRC 15708(T) and Microbacterium insulae KCTC 19247(T) (98.2-98.3% similarities). DNA-DNA hybridization value between strains H101(T) and H207 was 87.2 ± 3.7%, and the values between the two strains and the closely related type strains were well below 70%. The two strains also shared a number of physiological and biochemical characteristics that were distinct from the closely related species, and grew at 2-37 ° C, pH 5-11 and 0-8% (w/v) NaCl. Both strains contained MK-12, MK-13 and MK-11 as the detected menaquinones. The peptidoglycan was of type B1γ with an interpeptide bridge D-Glu(Hyg)→ Gly(2)→ l-Lys. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C(15:0), anteiso-C(17:0), and iso-C(16:0). Based on the genetic and phenotypic properties, it is proposed that strains H101(T) and H207 be classified as representatives of a novel species of the genus Microbacterium, with the name Microbacterium marinum sp. nov. The type strain is H101(T) (= CGMCC 4.6941(T) = DSM 24947(T)).     

Pedobacter seoulensis sp. nov., isolated from soil of a bamboo field

A Gram-stain negative, strictly aerobic, motile by gliding, rod-shaped and yellow pigmented strain THG-G12^T was isolated from soil of a bamboo field in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Strain THG-G12^T was observed to grow well at 20–28 °C and pH 7.0–7.5 in the absence of NaCl on nutrient agar. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strain THG-G12^T was found to be most closely related to Pedobacter ginsengisoli Gsoil 104^T (97.5 % sequence similarity), Pedobacter steynii WB2.3-45^T (97.4 %), Pedobacter metabolipauper WB2.3-71^T (97.2 %), Pedobacter nyackensis NWG-II14^T (97.2 %), Pedobacter caeni LMG 22862^T (97.1 %) and Pedobacter duraquae WB2.1-25^T (97.0 %), but DNA relatedness between strain THG-G12^T and its phylogenetically closest neighbours was below 9.5 %. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 39.9 mol%. The only isoprenoid quinone detected in strain THG-G12^T was menaquinone-7 (MK-7). The major component in the polyamine pattern was sym-homospermidine. The major polar lipids were found to be phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified phosphoglycolipids, unidentified aminophosphoglycolipids, unidentified aminolipids and unidentified lipids. Strain THG-G12^T showed the presence of two ceramide phosphorylethanolamines (CerPE-2′ and CerPE-2″), dihydrosphingosines and an unidentified ceramide as the major ceramide. The major fatty acids were identified as summed feature 3 (as defined by the MIDI system; C_16:1 ω7c and/or C_16:1 ω6c) and iso-C_15:0. These data support the affiliation of strain THG-G12^T to the genus Pedobacter. The results of physiological and biochemical tests enabled strain THG-G12^T to be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from the recognized species of the genus Pedobacter. Therefore, the novel isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Pedobacter seoulensis sp. nov. is proposed, with THG-G12^T as the type strain (=KACC 17529^T =JCM 19363^T).     

Description of a Novel Actinobacterium Microbacterium assamensis sp. nov., Isolated from Water Sample Collected from the River Brahmaputra, Assam, India

A Gram-positive, yellow pigmented actinobacterium, strain S2-48(T) was isolated from water sample collected from the river Brahmaputra, Assam, India and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Most of the physiological and biochemical properties, major fatty acids (C(15:0) Anteiso, iso C(16:0) and C(17:0) Anteiso), estimated DNA G+C content (70.2 mol%) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain S2-48(T) belonged to the genus Microbacterium. Strain S2-48(T) exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Microbacterium testaceum (97.0%); however, the DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain S2-48(T) and M. testaceum was 9.1%. On the basis of differential phenotypic characteristics and genotypic distinctiveness, strain S2-48(T) should be classified within the genus Microbacterium as a novel species, for which the name Microbacterium assamensis is proposed. The type strain is S2-48(T) (=MTCC 10486(T) = DSM 23998(T)).     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Paenibacillus pini</Emphasis> sp. nov., a cellulolytic bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of pine tree

Strain S22^T, a novel cellulolytic bacterium was isolated from the rhizosphere of pine trees. This isolate was Gram-reaction positive, motile and rods, and formed terminal or subterminal ellipsoidal spores. S22^T represented positive activity for catalase, oxidase, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), β-galactosidase, leucine arylamidase, and hydrolysis of esculin. It contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic dia-mino acid in the cell-wall. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7), and the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0 (52.9%), iso-Ci_16:0 (11.3%), and iso-C_15:0 (10.0%). The DNA G+C content was 43.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this isolate belonged to the family Paenibacillaceae. S22^T exhibited less than 97.0% 16S rRNA gene similarity with all relative type strains in the genus Paenibacillus, and the most closely related strains were Paenibacillus anaericanus MH21^T and Paenibacillus ginsengisoli Gsoil 1638^T, with equal similarities of 95.8%. This polyphasic evidence suggested that strain S22^T should be considered a novel species in the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name, Paenibacillus pini sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is S22^T (=KCTC 13694^T =KACC 14198^T =JCM 16418^T)