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1.
Ming Liu Ai-Jun Zhang Xiao-Guang Chen Rong Jin Hong-Min Li Zhong-Hou Tang 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2017,39(9):211
Potassium (K+) deficiency is an important abiotic stress which has severe influence on the growth and development of sweet potato. To investigate the difference on root morphology, ultrastructure and antioxidant enzyme system at early growth stage, two representative sweet potato cultivars (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) with different K+ deficiency tolerance capacities were hydroponically cultivated under normal K+ (control) and K+ deficiency (?K) treatments. The results showed that after 14 days of treatment, the root length, surface area, volume, and average diameter of Ningzishu 1 (sensitive to K+ deficiency) were significantly decreased under ?K treatment, by comparison, those corresponding decreases of Xushu 32 (tolerant to K+ deficiency) were lower and not significant (except for root length). In addition, the proportion of fine roots (diameter <0.5 mm) and thick root (d > 1.0 mm) of Xushu 32 seedlings increased significantly under condition of K+ deficiency. Through transmission electron microscopy observations, it can be found that Xushu 32 seedlings showed a more complete root cellular structure and slighter oxidative damage than Ningzishu 1 under ?K treatment. Moreover, the hydrogen peroxide content and malondialdehyde content in the root of Xushu 32 seedlings was significantly lower than that of Ningzishu 1, and the variations of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities were pronouncedly less than those of Ningzishu 1. These differences between the two cultivars indicated that the stronger root morphology and nutrients absorption ability, and the better root cellular structure and physiological role of Xushu 32 seedlings could alleviate the damage of K+ deficiency stress. Thus, it might be a potential mechanism for cultivar tolerance to low K+ in sweet potato. 相似文献
2.
Mahbube Arabbeigi Ahmad Arzani Mohamad Mahdi Majidi Razie Kiani Badraldin Ebrahim Sayed Tabatabaei Farshad Habibi 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2014,36(8):2243-2251
Uremia Salt Lake, in North West Iran, has a hyper-saline water. A rare highly salinity-tolerant grass species, Aegilops cylindrica grows along its shores. Salinity tolerance of 44 genotypes of Ae. cylindrica, mainly collected from the Lake, was evaluated under control and 400 mM NaCl conditions using the physiological traits of plant height, dry weight, proline content, Na+ and K+ concentrations as well as K+/Na+ ratio. To evaluate the association between microsatellite (EST-SSR and SSR) markers and salinity tolerance, 35 primer pairs were used. Results showed a significant variation in the 44 genotypes studied in terms of their traits except for proline content. Ten most salinity-tolerant genotypes were identified based on their ability to survive, to produce the highest dry weight, and to sustain the least leaf Na+ concentration under salinity stress. The very high negative correlation found between Na+ concentration and salinity tolerance revealed the importance of individual or a combination of Na+ exclusion and excretion mechanisms contributing to the hyper-salinity tolerance of these genotypes. Clustering analysis based on marker data divided the 44 studied genotypes into two groups that were consistent with their saline and non-saline geographical areas. Results of molecular markers showed that four microsatellite markers (Xgwm312, Xwmc170, Xgwm291 and Xgwm410) generated a distinguished banding pattern in ten most salinity-tolerant genotypes. These results supported previous reports on their linkage with Na+ exclusion genes (HKT1;5 and HKT1;4) in wheat, which provided further evidence of usefulness of both genes and the linked markers to the salinity tolerance of the halophytic grass family species. 相似文献
3.
Isaac Zepeda-Jazo Sergey Shabala Zhonghua Chen Igor I Pottosin 《Plant signaling & behavior》2008,3(6):401-403
Salinity causes billion dollar losses in annual crop production. So far, the main avenue in breeding crops for salt tolerance has been to reduce Na+ uptake and transport from roots to shoots. Recently we have demonstrated that retention of cytosolic K+ could be considered as another key factor in conferring salt tolerance in plants. A subsequent study has shown that Na+-induced K+ efflux in barley root epidermis occurs primarily via outward rectifying K+ channels (KORC). Surprisingly, expression of KORC was similar in salt- tolerant and sensitive genotypes. However, the former were able to better oppose Na+-induced depolarization via enhanced activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase (thus minimizing K+ leak from the cytosol). In addition to highly K+-selective KORC channels, activities of several types of non-selective cation channels were detected at depolarizing potentials. Here we show that the expression of one of them, NORC, was significantly lower in salt-tolerant genotypes. As NORC is capable of mediating K+ efflux coupled to Na+ influx, we suggest that the restriction of its activity could be beneficial for plants under salt stress.Key words: salinity tolerance, barley, ion flux, K+ homeostasis, KOR, non-selective channels, patch-clamp 相似文献
4.
L. Jiang R. Z. Yang Y. F. Lu S. Q. Cao L. K. Ci J. J. Zhang 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2012,59(6):781-787
??-Aminobutyric acid (BABA) is known as a nonprotein amino acid that can enhance the capacity of plants to resist various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the role of BABA in protecting tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) against potassium deficiency is not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the appropriate concentration of BABA promoted tobacco growth and enhanced plant tolerance to potassium deficiency. BABA protected tobacco from the reduction in the primary root length and chlorophyll content and increased K+ uptake via the regulation of expression of potassium up-taking-related NtHAK, NtLKS, NKT1, and NtKC genes. In addition, BABA affected the balancing between hydrogen peroxide level and peroxidase activity under low-potassium stress. Together, our results suggest that BABA plays a role in enhancing potassium deficiency stress tolerance by increasing K+ uptake, at least in part, via a ROS-dependent mechanism. 相似文献
5.
Casuarina equisetifolia is widely planted in coastal areas of tropical and subtropical regions as windbreaks or to stabilize dunes against wind erosion due to its high salt tolerance and nitrogen-fixing ability. To investigate the mechanisms responsible for its salt tolerance, we examined growth, mineral composition, expression of genes for sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) transport proteins, and antioxidant responses under NaCl treatments. Increasing NaCl concentrations inhibited lateral root elongation and decreased plant height, length of internodes, and numbers of branches and twigs. The Na+ content significantly increased whereas the K+ content significantly decreased in both shoots and roots with increasing external NaCl concentration, resulting in a significant increase in Na+/K+ ratio. Most of the Na+/H+ antiporter genes (NHXs) were obviously upregulated in roots after 24 and 168 h of salt stress, and NHX7 was especially induced after 168 h. Almost all salt overly sensitive (SOS) genes were induced after 168-h treatment. Additionally, activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were significantly changed in shoots and roots under salt stress. Hence, we conclude that salinity tolerance of C. equisetifolia mainly relied on sequestering excess Na+ into vacuoles and on induced expression of NHX and SOS genes in roots and thus the maintenance of sufficient K+ content in shoots. 相似文献
6.
7.
Dong-Mei Ma Wei-Rong Xu Hui-Wen Li Feng-Xia Jin Ling-Na Guo Jing Wang Hong-Jun Dai Xing Xu 《Protoplasma》2014,251(1):219-231
Crop productivity is greatly affected by soil salinity; therefore, improvement in salinity tolerance of crops is a major goal in salt-tolerant breeding. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signal-transduction pathway plays a key role in ion homeostasis and salt tolerance in plants. Here, we report that overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana SOS1+SOS2+SOS3 genes enhanced salt tolerance in tall fescue. The transgenic plants displayed superior growth and accumulated less Na+ and more K+ in roots after 350 mM NaCl treatment. Moreover, Na+ enflux, K+ influx, and Ca2+ influx were higher in the transgenic plants than in the wild-type plants. The activities of the enzyme superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and proline content in the transgenic plants were significantly increased; however, the malondialdehyde content decreased in transgenic plants compared to the controls. These results suggested that co-expression of A. thaliana SOS1+SOS2+SOS3 genes enhanced the salt tolerance in transgenic tall fescue. 相似文献
8.
Megan C. Shelden Sarah E. Gilbert Stephen D. Tyerman 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2020,101(6):1462-1473
In saline soils, high levels of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl?) ions reduce root growth by inhibiting cell division and elongation, thereby impacting on crop yield. Soil salinity can lead to Na+ toxicity of plant cells, influencing the uptake and retention of other important ions [i.e. potassium (K+)] required for growth. However, measuring and quantifying soluble ions in their native, cellular environment is inherently difficult. Technologies that allow in situ profiling of plant tissues are fundamental for our understanding of abiotic stress responses and the development of tolerant crops. Here, we employ laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) to quantify Na, K and other elements [calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulphur (S), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe)] at high spatial resolution in the root growth zone of two genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare) that differ in salt‐tolerance, cv. Clipper (tolerant) and Sahara (sensitive). The data show that Na+ was excluded from the meristem and cell division zone, indicating that Na+ toxicity is not directly reducing cell division in the salt‐sensitive genotype, Sahara. Interestingly, in both genotypes, K+ was strongly correlated with Na+ concentration, in response to salt stress. In addition, we also show important genetic differences and salt‐specific changes in elemental composition in the root growth zone. These results show that LA‐ICP‐MS can be used for fine mapping of soluble ions (i.e. Na+ and K+) in plant tissues, providing insight into the link between Na+ toxicity and root growth responses to salt stress. 相似文献
9.
Yue-Tong Li Wen-Jin Zhang Jia-Jia Cui Duo-Yong Lang Ming Li Qi-Peng Zhao Xin-Hui Zhang 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2016,38(4):96
Soil salinity reduces growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in arid and semi-arid areas of north-west in China. Silicon (Si) nutrition may alleviate salt stress in many crops including grain crop, fruit crop, and vegetable crop. In this study, the alleviating effects of Si on growth characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD and POD) and MDA concentration, and K+ and Na+ concentrations in G. uralensis seedlings subjected to 50 mM NaCl stress were investigated. The results showed that NaCl stress imposed significant reduction in root length, secondary root number, leaf number, and stem and total dry weight of G. uralensis. NaCl stress also significantly reduced the activities of SOD and POD, and ration of K+/Na+, but significantly increased MDA concentration in leaves of G. uralensis seedling. The addition of Si increased SOD and POD activities, and reduced MDA concentration, which resulting in greater reactive oxygen species detoxification and lower lipid peroxidation. Si also significantly increased the ratio of K+/Na+ in stem and leaves of G. uralensis. In conclusion, Si could alleviate adverse effects of salt stress probably by decreasing Na+ concentration and improving antioxidant enzyme activity of G. uralensis, and these alleviating effects were dependent on Si concentration and on Si processing time. 相似文献
10.
Jianqing Jiao Hanqiang Liu Jia Liu Mingming Cui Jing Xu Huanwen Meng Yuhong Li Shuxia Chen Zhihui Cheng 《Plant Growth Regulation》2017,82(2):233-246
Nitrogen (N) is a macronutrient essential for plant growth and development. Meanwhile, grafting is a method used to alleviate stress tolerance of various biotic and abiotic factors. This study aims to investigate how pumpkin grafting (PG) improves N use efficiency of watermelon. A commercial watermelon cultivar “Zaojia 8424” [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai.] was self-grafted and then grafted onto pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima?×C. moschata) rootstock cv. Qingyan Zhenmu No. 1. The grafted plants were exposed to two levels of N (9 and 0.2 mM) under hydroponic conditions. The grafted plants were harvested at days 11 and 22 after low N (0.2 mM) treatment. PG improved the N use efficiency of watermelon scion through the vigorous root system of pumpkin rootstock that enhanced the uptake and accumulation of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B, and Mn in watermelon. Gene expressions of nitrate reductase (Cla002787, Cla002791, and Cla023145) and nitrite reductase (Cla013062) genes were increased, promoting N assimilation. Mesophyll thickness and SPAD index (relative chlorophyll measurement) were also improved. Furthermore, pumpkin rootstock also enhanced the supply of zeatine riboside (ZR) and isopentenyl adenosine (iPA) in the leaves, promoting shoot growth. All these lead to improved plant growth and nitrogen use efficiency of pumpkin rootstock-grafted watermelon plants. 相似文献
11.
《Genomics》2020,112(6):4608-4621
Soil salinity is one of the typical abiotic stresses affecting sustainability of wheat production worldwide. In the present study, we performed a 35 K SNP genotyping assay on association panel of 135 diverse wheat genotypes evaluated for vegetative stage tolerance in hydroponics. Association analyses using five multi-locus GWAS models revealed 42 reliable QTNs for 10 salt tolerance associated traits. Among these 42 reliable QTNs, 9, 17 and 16 QTNs were associated with physiological, biomass and shoot ionic traits respectively. Novel major QTNs were identified for chlorophyll content, shoot fresh weight, seedling total biomass, Na+ and K+ concentration and Na+/K+ ratio in shoots. Further, 10 major QTNs showed significant effect on the corresponding salt tolerance traits. Gene ontology analysis of the associated genomic regions identified 58 candidate genes. The information generated in this study will be of potential value for improvement of salt tolerance of wheat cultivars using marker assisted selection. 相似文献
12.
To assess whether foliar application of K+S as potassium sulfate (K2SO4) could alleviate the adverse effects of salt on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. SF-187) plants, a greenhouse experiment was conducted. There were two NaCl levels (0 and 150 mM) applied to the growth medium and six levels of K+S as K2SO4 (NS (no spray), WS (spray of water+0.1% Tween 20 solution), 0.5% K+0.21% S, 1.0% K+0.41% S, 1.5% K+0.62% S, and 2.0% K+0.82% S in 0.1% Tween-20 solution) applied two times foliarly to non-stressed and salt-stressed sunflower plants. Salt stress markedly repressed the growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, water relations and photosynthetic attributes, quantum yield (Fv/Fm), leaf and root K+, Mg2+, P, Ca2+, N as well as K+/Na+ ratios, while it enhanced the cell membrane permeability, and leaf and root Na+ and Cl− concentrations. Foliar application of potassium sulfate significantly improved growth, achene yield, photosynthetic and transpiration rates, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, leaf turgor and enhanced shoot and leaf K+ of the salt-stressed sunflower plants, but it did not improve leaf and root Na+, Cl−, Mg2+, P, Ca2+, N as well as K+/Na+ ratios. The most effective dose of K+S for improving growth and achene yield was found to be 1.5% K+0.62% S and 1% K+0.41% S, respectively. Improvement in growth of sunflower plants due to exogenously applied K2SO4 was found to be linked to enhanced photosynthetic capacity, water use efficiency, leaf turgor and relative water content. 相似文献
13.
Farrukh Azeem Bilal Ahmad Rana Muhammad Atif Muhammad Amjad Ali Habibullah Nadeem Sabir Hussain Hamid Manzoor Muhammad Azeem Muhammad Afzal 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2018,36(3):451-468
Potassium is the most abundant inorganic cation that constitutes up to 10% of the total plant dry weight and plays a prominent role in plant growth and development. Plants exhibit a complex but highly organized system of channels and transporters, which are involved in absorption and distribution of K+ from soil to different parts of plants. In this study, we explored the K+ transport system in chickpea genome and identified 36 genes encoding potassium channels and transporters. The identified genes were further classified on the basis of their domain structure and conserved motifs. It includes K+ transporters (23 genes: 2 HKTs, 6 KEAs, and 15 KUP/HAK/KTs) and K+ channels (13 genes: 8 Shakers and 5 TPKs). Chromosomal localization of these genes demonstrated that various K+ transporters and channels are randomly distributed across all the eight chromosomes. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of K+ transport system genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, and Oryza sativa revealed their strong conservation in different plant species. Similarly, gene structure analysis displayed conservation of family-specific intron/exon organization in the K+ transport system genes. Evolutionary analysis of these genes suggested the segmental duplication as principal route of expansion for this family in chickpea. Several abiotic stress-related cis-regulatory elements were also identified in promoter regions suggesting their role in abiotic stress tolerance. Expression analysis of selected genes under drought, heat, osmotic, and salt stress demonstrated their differential expression in response to these stresses. This signifies the importance of these genes in the modulation of stress response in chickpea. Present study provides the first insight into K+ transport system in chickpea and can serve as a basis for their functional analysis. 相似文献
14.
N. Naresh Babu K. K. Vinod S. L. Krishnamurthy S. Gopala Krishnan Ashutosh Yadav P. K. Bhowmick M. Nagarajan N. K. Singh K. V. Prabhu A. K. Singh 《Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.》2017,26(3):310-320
A set of 84 diverse rice genotypes were assessed for seedling stage salt tolerance and their genetic diversity using 41 polymorphic SSR markers comprising of 19 Saltol QTL linked and 22 random markers. Phenotypic screening under hydroponics identified three indica landraces (Badami, Shah Pasand and Pechi Badam), two Oryza rufipogon accessions (NKSWR2 and NKSWR17) and one each of Basmati rice (Seond Basmati) and japonica cultivars (Tompha Khau) as salt tolerant, having similar tolerance as of Pokkali and FL478. Among the salt tolerant genotypes, biomass showed positive correlation with shoot fresh weight and negative association with root and shoot Na+ content. The results indicated repression of Na+ loading within the tolerant plants. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) of the Saltol linked markers was weak, suggestive of high fragmentation of Pokkali haplotype, a result of evolutionary active recombination events. Poor haplotype structure of the Saltol region, may reduce its usefulness in marker assisted breeding programmes, if the target foreground markers chosen are wide apart. LD mapping identified eight robust marker-trait associations (QTLs), of which RM10927 was found linked to root and shoot Na+ content and RM10871 with shoot Na+/K+ ratio. RM271 on chromosome 10, an extra Saltol marker, was found associated to root Na+/K+ ratio. This marker showed a distinct allele among O. rufipogon accessions. There were also other novel loci detected on chromosomes 2, 5 and 10 influencing salt tolerance in the tested germplasm. Although Saltol remained as the key locus, the role of other genomic regions cannot be neglected in tailoring seedling stage salt tolerance in rice. 相似文献
15.
Devrim Coskun Dev T. Britto Yuel-Kai Jean Imtiaz Kabir Inci Tolay Ayfer A. Torun Herbert J. Kronzucker 《PloS one》2013,8(2)
Sudden elevations in external sodium chloride (NaCl) accelerate potassium (K+) efflux across the plasma membrane of plant root cells. It has been proposed that the extent of this acceleration can predict salt tolerance among contrasting cultivars. However, this proposal has not been considered in the context of plant nutritional history, nor has it been explored in rice (Oryza sativa L.), which stands among the world’s most important and salt-sensitive crop species. Using efflux analysis with 42K, coupled with growth and tissue K+ analyses, we examined the short- and long-term effects of NaCl exposure to plant performance within a nutritional matrix that significantly altered tissue-K+ set points in three rice cultivars that differ in salt tolerance: IR29 (sensitive), IR72 (moderate), and Pokkali (tolerant). We show that total short-term K+ release from roots in response to NaCl stress is small (no more than 26% over 45 min) in rice. Despite strong varietal differences, the extent of efflux is shown to be a poor predictor of plant performance on long-term NaCl stress. In fact, no measure of K+ status was found to correlate with plant performance among cultivars either in the presence or absence of NaCl stress. By contrast, shoot Na+ accumulation showed the strongest correlation (a negative one) with biomass, under long-term salinity. Pharmacological evidence suggests that NaCl-induced K+ efflux is a result of membrane disintegrity, possibly as result of osmotic shock, and not due to ion-channel mediation. Taken together, we conclude that, in rice, K+ status (including efflux) is a poor predictor of salt tolerance and overall plant performance and, instead, shoot Na+ accumulation is the key factor in performance decline on NaCl stress. 相似文献
16.
As competition for the limited water supply available for irrigation of horticultural crops increases, research into crop management practices that enhance drought resistance, plant water-use efficiency and plant growth when water supply is limited has become increasingly essential. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of potassium (K) nutritional status on the drought resistance of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. cv. Leprechaun (Hibiscus). All the treatments were fertilized with Hoagland's nutrient solution, modified to supply K as K2SO4, at 0 mM K (K0), 2.5 mM K (K2.5), and 10 mM K (K10), under two irrigation regimes (drought stressed [DS] and non-drought stressed [non-DS]). Regular irrigation and fertigation were adopted for 54 days, and drought stress treatment (initiated on day 55) lasted for 21 days; while non-DS control plants continued to receive regular irrigation and fertigation. Following the 21-day drought stress period, plants were labeled with 86Rb+ to determine the percentage of post-drought stress live roots. Both K deficiency (K0) and drought stress reduced shoot growth, but drought stress increased root growth and thus the root:shoot ratio. At K0, plants were K-deficient and had the lowest leaf K, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo and Al, and highest Ca concentrations. Although the percentage of live roots was decreased by drought stress, K2.5 and K10 plants (with similar percent live roots) had greater root survival ratio after drought treatment than the K-deficient plants. These observations indicate that adequate K nutrition can improve drought resistance and root longevity in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. 相似文献
17.
Control of xylem Na+ loading has often been named as the essential component of salinity tolerance mechanism. However, it is less clear to what extent the difference in this trait may determine differential salinity tolerance between species. In this study, barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. CM72) and rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin) plants were grown under two levels of salinity. Na+ and K+ concentrations in the xylem sap, and shoot and root tissues were measured at different time points after stress onset. Salt‐exposed rice plants prevented xylem Na+ loading for several days, but failed to control this process in the longer term, ultimately resulting in a massive Na+ shoot loading. Barley plants quickly increased xylem Na+ concentration and its delivery to the shoot (most likely for the purpose of osmotic adjustment) but were able to reduce this process later on, keeping most of accumulated Na+ in the root, thus maintaining non‐toxic shoot Na+ level. Rice plants increased shoot K+ concentration, while barley plants maintained higher root K+ concentration. Control of xylem Na+ loading is remarkably different between rice and barley; this difference may differentiate the extent of the salinity tolerance between species. This trait should be investigated in more detail to be used in the breeding programs aimed to improve salinity tolerance in crops. 相似文献
18.
The k/na selectivity of a cation channel in the plasma membrane of root cells does not differ in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive wheat species 总被引:9,自引:5,他引:4
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The characteristics of cation outward rectifier channels were studied in protoplasts from wheat root (Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum turgidum L.) cells using the patch clamp technique. The cation outward rectifier channels were voltage-dependent with a single channel conductance of 32 ± 1 picosiemens in 100 millimolar KCl. Whole-cell currents were dominated by the activity of the cation outward rectifiers. The time- and voltage-dependence of these currents was accounted for by the summed behavior of individual channels recorded from outside-out detached patches. The K+/Na+ permeability ratio of these channels was measured in a salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant genotype of wheat that differ in rates of Na+ accumulation, using a voltage ramp protocol on protoplasts in the whole-cell configuration. Permeability ratios were calculated from shifts in reversal potentials following ion substitutions. There were no significant differences in the K+/Na+ permeability ratios of these channels in root cells from either of the two genotypes tested. The permeability ratio for K+/Cl− was greater than 50:1. The K+/Na+ permeability ratio averaged 30:1, which is two to four times more selective than the same type of channel in guard cells and suspension culture cells. Lowering the Ca2+ concentration in the bath solution to 0.1 millimolar in the presence of 100 millimolar Na+ had no significant effect on the K+/Na+ permeability ratios of the channel. It seems unlikely that the mechanism of salt tolerance in wheat is based on differences in the K+/Na+ selectivity of these channels. 相似文献
19.
Xiaohui Mao Yanmei Zheng Kaizhuan Xiao Yidong Wei Yongsheng Zhu Qiuhua Cai Liping Chen Huaan Xie Jianfu Zhang 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2018,495(1):461-467
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) which are thiol-based peroxidases have been implicated in the toxic reduction and intracellular concentration regulation of hydrogen peroxide. In Arabidopsis thaliana At2-CysPrxB (At5g06290) has been demonstrated to be essential in maintaining the water-water cycle for proper H2O2 scavenging. Although the mechanisms of 2-Cys Prxs have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, the function of 2-Cys Prxs in rice is unclear. In this study, a rice homologue gene of At2-CysPrxB, OsPRX2 was investigated aiming to characterize the effect of 2-Cys Prxs on the K+-deficiency tolerance in rice. We found that OsPRX2 was localized in the chloroplast. Overexpressed OsPRX2 causes the stomatal closing and K+-deficiency tolerance increasing, while knockout of OsPRX2 lead to serious defects in leaves phenotype and the stomatal opening under the K+-deficiency tolerance. Detection of K+ accumulation, antioxidant activity of transgenic plants under the starvation of potassium, further confirmed that OsPRX2 is a potential target for engineering plants with improved potassium deficiency tolerance. 相似文献
20.
Male poplars have a stronger ability to balance growth and carbohydrate accumulation than do females in response to a short‐term potassium deficiency
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Yanni Yang Hao Jiang Maolin Wang Helena Korpelainen Chunyang Li 《Physiologia plantarum》2015,155(4):400-413
Potassium (K) deficiency influences plant performance, such as ion uptake and carbohydrate transport. However, little is known about differences between males and females in response to K deficiency. In this study, dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic capacity, allocation patterns of K+, Na+ and carbohydrates, and ultrastructural changes in males and females of Populus cathayana exposed to K deficiency were investigated. The results indicated that males maintained a significantly higher K+ content and K+/Na+ ratio in leaves and stems than did females under K deficiency. Moreover, K deficiency significantly increased the sucrose content of females, whereas no significant effect on males was detected. In addition, a comparative analysis showed that males allocated more resources to roots, while females allocated more to leaves, which resulted in sexually different root/shoot (R/S) ratios. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observations showed that males suffered fewer injuries than did females. These results suggested that males have a better ability to cope with K deficiency. In addition, the combined effects of salinity and K deficiency on poplars were studied. The results indicated that salt stress aggravates the negative effects caused by K deficiency. Taken together, our study provided evidence for gender‐specific strategies in ion and carbohydrate allocation in poplars exposed to a short‐term K deficiency. In leaves and stems, the lower K+ accumulation inhibited sucrose translocation and resulted in a decreased R/S ratio, which may contribute to males having a stronger ability to balance growth and carbohydrate accumulation when compared with females. 相似文献