《螨类的生物防治作用物:图解检索与指南》

<正> 该书由Uri Gerson and Robert L.Smiley编著,1990年由Chapman and Hall出版社出版。 全书174页,分为二个部分:第一部分列举了有关螨类的29个科,对每一科的形态及若干可作为生物防治的种类进行了描述。其中,过去被认为是害螨的粉螨、瘿螨及叶螨等,在此书中却认为其中有许多可作为益螨利用的。如最为熟知的腐食酪螨Tyrophagus putrescentiae(Schrank)是黄瓜十一星叶甲食根亚种Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber的重要死亡因子,并     

Hominid Ichnotaxonomy: An Exploration of a Neglected Discipline

Although more than 60 ancient hominid track sites ranging in age from 3.7 million to less than 500 B. P. are recorded from all continents except Antarctica, no ichnotaxonomic names have ever been formally proposed for hominid tracks. There is no prohibition to the naming of fossil footprints of species that created tracks and trackways similar to those of living species. On the contrary, there is precedent for the naming of ichnotaxa corresponding to the dominant extant vertebrates classes: mammals = Mammalipedia and birds = Avipeda. The hominid track site sample includes only about a dozen sites where footprint preservation is good enough to show details of diagnostic foot morphology and typical trackway morphology. We infer that the Acahualinca Footprint Museum site in Nicaragua represents the most important ancient hominid track site that combines accessibility, a large sample of well-preserved trackways and reliable dating. For this reason, we select the Nicaraguan tracks as the type sample for the new ichnotaxon Hominipes modernus ichnogen., and ichnsp. et ichnosp. nov., which we infer to represent fully modern Homo sapiens. Our preliminary investigations of other track sites suggest that the majority also yield H. modernus. However, at many sites preservation is insufficient to make an ichnotaxonomic designation at the species level or to infer that the trackmaker was H. sapiens. Thus, at many sites including the famous Laetoli site, we apply the more general label of Hominipes isp. indet.