湖北宜昌奥陶系庙坡组疑源类

湖北宜昌地区庙坡组是达瑞威尔阶/桑比阶界线附近的地层,该段地层产出分异度较高,丰度适中的疑源类组合。该组合包括16属,28种,其中7个未定命名种,可与国内、外同期疑源类组合进行对比。庙坡组疑源类组合既产出晚奥陶世特征分子,也产出阿伦尼格期(弗洛阶上部—达瑞威尔阶底部)的特征分子,显示出一定的过渡特色。组合以Baltisphaeridium(17%—52%),Leiosphaeridia(6%—78%)占优势;反映了其沉积环境为离岸较远的外陆棚环境。     

湖北宜昌黄花场奥陶系庙坡组的腕足类化石

宜昌地区庙坡组的笔石和三叶虫等,研究较详,对腕足动物的材料,尚无全面的研究与报道。关于奥陶系二分这一问题,庙坡组的腕足动物群也是重要佐证之一。笔者于1978、1979年,参加三峡地区奥陶纪地层研究工作,较详细地收集了该区庙坡组的腕足类化石。经鉴定有18属、25种,其中9新种、4未定种。     

似卞氏兽(三列齿类爬行动物)新材料

本文记述了四川下沙溪庙组发现的三列齿类新材料,归入似卞氏兽属,建立—新种,自贡种.新材料首次揭示了该类动物的鼻腔构造.     

鄂西奥陶系庙坡组海林檎Cheirocrinus penniger (Eichwald, 1842)的发现

鄂西地区中–晚奥陶世之交的庙坡组由数米厚的页岩夹少量薄层灰岩构成,沉积于扬子陆表海区凹陷带中,深度位于最大浪基面下,含有多样性、丰度高的化石组合。宜昌北部的陈家河剖面以及远安真金剖面庙坡组中–上部页岩属晚奥陶世桑比期Nemagraptus gracilis笔石带。笔者在该层位首次采获30余枚海林檎化石,经系统古生物学鉴定均为Cheirocrinus penniger (Eichwald, 1842)。远安真金剖面产出的C. penniger标本多以萼部区数个不同类型压扁的骨板形式保存, 1枚标本保存有完整的茎部;宜昌陈家河剖面的C. penniger标本均以单个萼部骨板形式保存。奥陶纪的Cheirocrinus广泛分布于多个板块,本文描记庙坡组的Cheirocrinus化石记录实例,扩展了该属在华南板块的时空分布,它可以从黔南三都早奥陶世斜坡相的同高组延续到晚奥陶世台内凹陷带的庙坡组。     

四川剑阁城墙岩羣汉阳铺组介形类的发现

本文所描述的材料主要是笔者于1957年随同王钰、穆恩之二先生在鄂西宜昌、秭归一带的庙坡页岩组中所采得的;一小部分分别为计荣森、许德佑、王钰诸先生在解放以前在宜昌县境,杨敬之、穆恩之二先生于1951年在长阳县境,张文堂先生等于1956年在宜昌县境的相当地层中采集的。鄂西中奥陶世笔石,虽然在解放以前已为计、许、王诸先生所发现,但直到1954年杨敬之、穆恩之二先生在讨论鄂西奥陶纪地层时,才开始有所记载。杨、穆等将此层页岩称为Glyptograptus teretiusculus 带,归入艾家山统。1956年,张文堂等命名为庙坡页岩。页岩中的部分笔石曾为洪友崇所描述。洪友崇误认为属于Dicranograptus clinsgani 带,而     

鄂西奥陶系庙坡组短剑类化石新材料*

短剑类(Machaeridia)属于环节动物(Annelida), 其主要特征为个体微小且左右两侧对称, 是一类相对稀少但是分布范围广泛的海相动物化石。在摩洛哥Anti-Atlas地区、中国华南、塔里木等地的奥陶系中皆有短剑类的报道, 但是研究程度相对较低。本文报道并描述了产自湖北省远安县嫘祖剖面庙坡组的短剑类标本3枚, 经初步鉴定为Plumulites sp. A (羽毛虫)和Lepidocoleus sp. (鳞鞘虫), 这项发现拓展了短剑类在华南地区的时限和地理分布, 也可看作是华南奥陶纪生物大辐射期间短剑类在扬子台地局部凹陷区域定居的反映。此外, 本文还讨论了短剑类的形态特征和分类框架, 认为早古生代的短剑类根据形态特征和骨片结构, 可以划分为3科: 羽毛虫科 Plumulitidae Jell, 1979、鳞鞘虫科Lepidocoleidae Clarke, 1896、塔形壳虫科Turrilepadidae Clarke, 1896。     

鄂西奥陶系庙坡组短剑类化石新材料*

短剑类(Machaeridia)属于环节动物(Annelida), 其主要特征为个体微小且左右两侧对称, 是一类相对稀少但是分布范围广泛的海相动物化石。在摩洛哥Anti-Atlas地区、中国华南、塔里木等地的奥陶系中皆有短剑类的报道, 但是研究程度相对较低。本文报道并描述了产自湖北省远安县嫘祖剖面庙坡组的短剑类标本3枚, 经初步鉴定为Plumulites sp. A (羽毛虫)和Lepidocoleus sp. (鳞鞘虫), 这项发现拓展了短剑类在华南地区的时限和地理分布, 也可看作是华南奥陶纪生物大辐射期间短剑类在扬子台地局部凹陷区域定居的反映。此外, 本文还讨论了短剑类的形态特征和分类框架, 认为早古生代的短剑类根据形态特征和骨片结构, 可以划分为3科: 羽毛虫科 Plumulitidae Jell, 1979、鳞鞘虫科Lepidocoleidae Clarke, 1896、塔形壳虫科Turrilepadidae Clarke, 1896。     

三列齿类爬行动物化石在新疆的发现

本文报道的三列齿类化石是该类动物在我国西北地区之首次出现,与四川自贡所产大山铺恐龙动物群中的自贡似卞氏兽(Bienotheroides zigongensis)归同属同种,故认为五彩湾组可与下沙溪庙组相对比。新标本的发现在若干形态特征上补充了以往记述之不足。     

峡东地区庙坡组栉虫类、宝石虫类和斜视虫类三叶虫

系统描述湖北宜昌和秭归新滩晚奥陶世庙坡组三叶虫动物群中的３科６属６种。根据化石保存状态,挤压变形以及个体发育特征,对前人所报道的产于同一层位的有并三叶虫的研究成果作了重新厘定。     

陕西宁强—四川广元地区奥陶系“涧草沟组”和宝塔组牙形刺生物地层研究之新进展

开展陕西宁强范家沟、赵家坝和四川广元谭家沟3条剖面奥陶系牙形刺生物地层研究。在宁强地区"涧草沟组"发现了凯迪阶中部的Protopanderodus insculptus生物带,它相当于湖北宜昌地区上奥陶统临湘组之同名带;宝塔组由上而下可划分为Hamarodus brevirameus,Baltoniodus variabilis,Yangtzeplacognathus jianyeensis和Y.foliaceus等牙形刺带,属达瑞威尔阶上部至凯迪阶下部,可与湖北宜昌地区中-上奥陶统牯牛潭组顶部至宝塔组的同名带对比;广元地区宝塔组则见Baltoniodus variabilis和Yangtzeplacognathus jianyeensis生物带,属达瑞威尔阶顶部至桑比阶,可与湖北宜昌地区庙坡组或南京地区大田坝组的同名带对比。上述发现改变了先前的认识:陕西宁强地区宝塔组划分为Hamarodus europaeus和Eoplacognathus jianyeensis两牙形刺带,与湖北宜昌地区庙坡组和宝塔组地层相当;四川广元地区宝塔组归入Pygodus serra-Eoplacognathus foliaceus牙形刺带,与湖北宜昌地区牯牛潭组对比。邱洪荣(1989)建立的4个新种可能是一些老属种不同形态的组成分子,因此在本文属种描述部分把它们分别列入相应属种的同义名录。     

The oldest known occurrence of the Foliomena fauna in the uppermost Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) of South China

The oldest Foliomena fauna was, until now, known from the middle–upper Miaopo Formation (Nemagraptus gracilis Biozone, lower Sandbian, basal Upper Ordovician) of South China. In this study, the oldest record of the fauna is set back to the latest Darriwilian (upper Hustedograptus teretiusculus Biozone), represented by Foliomena jielingensis and some typical constituents of the Foliomena fauna from the basal Miaopo Formation at Jieling, northern Yichang, western Hubei Province, central China. The Miaopo Formation is characterized by its organic‐rich dark‐grey shale facies, unique in its localized distribution on the Yangtze Platform, and distinguished by its rich and diverse benthic and graptolitic faunas. This suggests an origin of the Foliomena fauna in periodically oxygen‐starved local depressions on the Yangtze Platform during the Middle–Late Ordovician transition.     

上扬子区奥陶系Nemagraptus gracilis 笔石带的几丁虫

作者系统描述了在重庆城口廖子口和宜昌分乡普溪河奥陶系庙坡组Nemagraptusgracilis笔石带中发现的几丁虫化石,共7属9种。由于此前对该层位的几丁虫研究较少,因此本次所发现的几丁虫化石具有重要的生物地层意义。     

论奥陶纪三叶虫属Reedocalymene Kobayashi, 1951

由于建立Ｒｅｅｄｏｃａｌｙｍｅｎｅ一属的模式种标本保存甚差,长期以来,这一属的概念一直不甚明了,研究了峡东地区庙坡组新发现的丰富日保存完好的Ｒｅｅｄｏｃａｌｙｍｅｎｅ ｅｘｐａｎｓａ Ｙｉ材料,其中完整背过 首次发现。新材料揭示了以往Ｒｅｅｄｏｃａｌｙｍｅｎｅ的一些鲜为人知的背面和腹面形态,从而有可能对该属进行全面的修订,讨论了Ｒ．ｅｘ－ｐａｎｓａ的某些重要特征,如面线、前坑、腹边缘板、前舌以及壳     

LATE ORDOVICIAN BRACHIOPODS FROM THE DULANKARA FORMATION OF THE CHU-ILI RANGE, KAZAKHSTAN: THEIR SYSTEMATICS, PALAEOECOLOGY AND PALAEOBIOGEOGRAPHY

Abstract:  Brachiopods from the late Ordovician (late Caradoc) Dulankara Formation of the Chu-Ili Range, Kazakhstan, are reviewed. Those from the upper two members of the formation, the Degeres and Akkol members, are systematically described. New genera from the Dulankara Formation are Nikitinamena (Plectambonitoidea: Leptellinidae), with type species Nikitinamena bicostata sp. nov., and Weberorthis (Orthoidea: Plectorthidae), with type species Mimella brevis Rukavishnikova. Another new genus is Glyptomenoides (Strophomenoidea: Glyptomenidae), with type species Rafinesquina girvanensis Salmon from the Caradoc of Girvan, Scotland. Other new species from the Dulankara Formation are Holtedahlina orientalis , Platymena tersa , Christiania proclivis , Leangella ( Leangella ) paletsae , Metambonites subcarinatus , Ogmoplecia nesca and Plectorthis licta . The ecology and assemblages of all three members of the Dulankara Formation are identified or reviewed, and their palaeogeographical significance assessed: the Chu-Ili Terrane (on which the Dulankara Formation was situated during the Ordovician) formed part of the relatively low-latitude peri-Gondwanan complex of terranes, and was probably not far from North and South China. The faunal links suggested between the Dulankara brachiopods and contemporary faunas from Australia are now perceived to be weaker than previously thought.     

陕西梁山地区宝塔组介形类

本文报道了陕西省南郑县梁山地区中奥陶统宝塔组介形类8属10种,其中包括3新属8新种。这些介形类化石的发现,为该时代地层的划分、对比增添了新的古生物依据。     

The oldest Ordovician foraminifers (Oepikodus evae conodont Zone, Floian) from South America

The oldest occurrences of the monothalamous foraminifer species Amphitremoida longa Nestell and Tolmacheva and A. laevis Nestell and Tolmacheva are found in the San Juan Formation together with conodonts of the Oepikodus evae Zone of the Floian (Lower Ordovician), in the Salagasta 2 section, southern Precordillera, Argentina. These discoveries represent the oldest record for foraminifers in South America. The foraminifers, species of which were originally described from the Lower Ordovician of northwestern Russia, are found in shallow high energy carbonate platform deposits in the Precordillera, together with a North Atlantic province conodont fauna. The carbonate sequence of the San Juan Formation in the Salagasta region is interpreted as a succession ranging from shallower tidal deposits to carbonate crinoidal shoaling bar deposits.     

STROPHOMENIDE BRACHIOPODS FROM THE CHANGWU FORMATION (LATE KATIAN, LATE ORDOVICIAN) OF CHUN'AN, WESTERN ZHEJIANG, SOUTH-EAST CHINA

Abstract:  Late Ordovician strophomenide brachiopods (superfamilies Strophomenoidea and Plectambonitoidea) from the upper Changwu Formation (mid Ashgill, late Katian) of Jianglütang, Chun'an County, western Zhejiang Province, consist of ten genera and 12 species. Five new species of three new genera are recognized: Chunanomena triporcata , Chunanomena sembellina , Cheramomena subsolana , Lateriseptomena modesta , and Lateriseptomena rugosa . The strophomenide brachiopods from the upper Katian strata described in this study and those from the border region of Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces reported in previous work contain 16 strophomenoid and 12 plectambonitoid genera, and most of the strophomenoids are endemic to South China. Numerical analysis of well-documented late Katian strophomenide brachiopod faunas indicates a strong provincialism, characterized by the highly distinct North American province (Laurentia), the South China-Kazakhstan province, and the Avalonia-Baltica province (Wales, Belgium and Sweden). Surprisingly, the Girvan district of Scotland, which was a peri-Laurentian terrane during the Ordovician, contains a late Katian brachiopod fauna that is more closely related to the contemporaneous brachiopods of Avalonia-Baltica than to those of North America.     

上扬子区奥陶纪三叶虫属Hexacopyge的新材料

描述上扬子区鄂西和湘西中及晚奥陶世桨肋虫类三叶虫Hexacopyge的 5个种 ,包括 2新种 ,即H .turbiniformis和H .yichangensis;讨论Hexacopyge的定义及其与相关属的关系。Hexacopyge在区内分布广、演化快 。