共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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文物是人类历史的结晶,是不可再生、不可替代的资源。微生物广泛定殖于古代壁画、石质文物及其他类型文化遗产上并造成危害,其中优势病害真菌白色侧齿霉菌的分布尤为广泛,其可在多种文物和极端环境中生存,严重威胁着珍贵文化遗产的长久保存。白色侧齿霉菌的分类命名经历了几次变化,导致其对文物的影响尚未被特别关注。本文以白色侧齿霉菌为主线,梳理了其分类发展简史、分布范围、文化遗产类型偏好,分析了其生理、生化、生态特征及潜在的生物退化机制,提出了其可作为文化遗产微生物危害的指示物种,讨论了此类典型壁画微生物的防治对策,并展望了该领域未来的重点研究方向。 相似文献
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白粉病是危害瓜类作物最为严重的一种气传病害,引起该病的病原菌为单囊壳白粉菌Podosphaera xanthii(synonym Podosphaera fusca)和二孢白粉菌Golovinomyces cichoracearum(synonym Erysiphe cichoracearum),其中对Podosphaera xanthii的报道较为常见。主要概述了瓜类白粉病病原菌的分类地位、病理特征和生物防治方面的研究进展,重点阐述了微生物源生防制剂和植物源生防制剂对瓜类白粉病的防治成果,并对当前研究与应用中存在的问题进行了探讨,为该病的深入研究和有效防治提供参考。 相似文献
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核酸生物传感器及其研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
核酸生物传感器在涉及分子生物学的研究领域具有重要意义.为适应分子生物学及其相关学科的发展需要,其研究正成为90年代生物传感技术研究热点.文章对核酸生物传感器的工作原理、分类、研究现状以及发展趋势作了较详细的介绍. 相似文献
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Natural collagen-based cultural relics such as parchment and leather are susceptible to the storage environment, including temperature, relative humidity, pollutants, and microorganisms, resulting in the deterioration of the main components of collagen, keratin, tannins, lipids, oils and tanning regents. Significant changes might occur in the appearance, composition and internal structure, accompanied by the impaired physical properties such as thermal stability, flexibility, and tensile strength. Biodeterioration is one of the main factors affecting the long-term storage of parchment and leather artifacts, particularly in environments with high relative humidity, due to the proliferation and growth of bacteria or fungi. This review focuses on the common microbial communities on the parchment and leather artifacts. The biodeterioration mechanism is discussed, which will shed light onto the future research of collagen-based cultural relics. 相似文献
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文物害虫会对文物古建筑造成不可逆的破坏,因此害虫防治是文物保护的重要工作。随着博物馆引入有害生物综合防治(Integrated Pest Management, IPM)策略,博物馆的害虫防治也开始遵循“预防为主,防治结合”理念。昆虫体外信息素是IPM中重要的技术手段。该技术可对害虫进行监测与诱杀,有利于对害虫发生规律的研究与数量控制。且信息素具有用量少,不接触文物等优点。本文概述信息素的发展、种类与功能,整理了文物害虫信息素及其应用中的遇到的问题,并展望信息素的应用前景。 相似文献
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Applied microbiology and biotechnology in the conservation of stone cultural heritage materials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The contribution of applied microbiology and biotechnology for the preservation and restoration of culturally relevant stoneworks has been used only to a minor extent. Until recently it only involved the identification of the living organisms accountable for the deterioration of those materials by classic phenotypic identification methods. This seems to be changing, given the amount of work recently published that focuses in the introduction of molecular-based techniques for the detection of microorganisms in historic stone. Such techniques complement and expand the information up till now gathered by conventional identification methods. Along with this, efforts are being made to develop and implement bio-based methodologies that may actively contribute to the bioremediation of weathered historic stoneworks. The present mini-review aims to provide an overview of recent findings on these matters. 相似文献
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The dilemma of controlling cultural eutrophication of lakes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
David W. Schindler 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2012,279(1746):4322-4333
The management of eutrophication has been impeded by reliance on short-term experimental additions of nutrients to bottles and mesocosms. These measures of proximate nutrient limitation fail to account for the gradual changes in biogeochemical nutrient cycles and nutrient fluxes from sediments, and succession of communities that are important components of whole-ecosystem responses. Erroneous assumptions about ecosystem processes and lack of accounting for hysteresis during lake recovery have further confused management of eutrophication. I conclude that long-term, whole-ecosystem experiments and case histories of lake recovery provide the only reliable evidence for policies to reduce eutrophication. The only method that has had proven success in reducing the eutrophication of lakes is reducing input of phosphorus. There are no case histories or long-term ecosystem-scale experiments to support recent claims that to reduce eutrophication of lakes, nitrogen must be controlled instead of or in addition to phosphorus. Before expensive policies to reduce nitrogen input are implemented, they require ecosystem-scale verification. The recent claim that the ‘phosphorus paradigm’ for recovering lakes from eutrophication has been ‘eroded’ has no basis. Instead, the case for phosphorus control has been strengthened by numerous case histories and large-scale experiments spanning several decades. 相似文献
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R. Schindl M. Muik M. Fahrner I. Derler R. Fritsch J. Bergsmann C. Romanin 《Cell calcium》2009,46(4):227-232
Ca2+ entry in non-excitable cells is mainly carried by store-operated channels among which the CRAC channel is best characterized. Its two limiting molecular components are represented by the Ca2+ sensor protein STIM1 located in the endoplasmic reticulum and Orai1 in the plasma membrane. STIM1 senses a decrease of the Ca2+ content in internal stores and triggers its accumulation into puncta like structures resulting in coupling to as well as activation of Orai1 channels. The STIM1–Orai coupling process is determined by an interaction via their C-termini. This review highlights recent developments on domains particularly within the cytosolic part of STIM1 that govern this interaction. 相似文献