含par位点的重组质粒Psjm3的构建及其稳定性研究

利用自然质粒pSC101par位点的分离稳定性功能,构建了含par位点的质粒pSJM4和pSJM3,通过在同样宿主E.coli HB101中的稳定性比较研究表明,不含par位点的重组质粒pSJ3很不稳定,E.coli G3(pSJ3)在培养到第10代时已开始出现pSJ3的丢失,到培养至50代时则已全部丢失;而含par位点的重组质粒pSJM3则表现得十分稳定,E.coli G3-1(pSJM3)经70代培养,仍无明显的质粒丢失现象,其稳定率保持97%以上。通过对不含par和含par的非重组质粒pUC18和pSJM4的稳定性比较也获得同样的结果。通过对E.coliG3(pSJ3)和E.coli G3-1(pSJM3)的产酶活性比较研究表明,G3-1菌株明显高于G3菌株,说明我们构建的重组质粒pSJM3上的par位点功能不仅没有因外源基因的表达而受影响,而且有利于外源基因的表达。     

脯氨酰内肽酶培养条件的优化及高密度发酵

基因工程菌E.coliBL21/pGEMPEP可以组成型表达重组的点状产气单胞菌脯氨酰内肽酶(PEP),但培养条件极大地影响着酶的产量,为了获得高效表达,首先测定了工程菌表达PEP的稳定性并考察了培养温度、pH、发酵时间、碳源、氮源、无机盐等对产酶的影响,得到了优化的发酵条件,L9(3⁴)正交试验进一步明确了摇床转速、培养温度、pH值、培养时间对产酶量的影响都有高度的统计学意义。在此基础上利用NBSBioFlo3000型5L自控发酵罐进行了高密度、高表达发酵、经20h培养,最终菌体密度达OD₆₀₀60(相当于干菌体225g/L),PEP表达量为28%,每升发酵液中含PEP酶315g。     

汉森酵母表达载体的构建和人血管生成抑制素基因的表达

汉森酵母(H.polymorpha)是一类能以甲醇为唯一碳源和能源的甲基营养酵母,具有高表达外源基因、易于高密度发酵和产业化的特点。应用PCR技术扩增汉森酵母甲醇氧化酶(Methanol oxidase MOX)基因启动子和转录终止序列,并与汉森酵母Leu基因(Hpleu2)和人血管生成抑制素基因一起重组进大肠杆菌质粒pSP72,构建了整合型表达载体pSMA17,采用LiAc法将pSMA17转入汉森酵母A16(leu),筛选出阳性转化子H.polymorpha A16(pSMA17)。转化子在YPGE培养基中培养至对数生长后期,用甲醇进行诱导表达。ELISA和SDSPAGE分析结果证明人血管生成抑制素已获表达,表达产物分泌至培养基中。Western blot结果显示重组的人血管生成抑制素能与抗人纤溶酶原抗血清特异结合,具有免疫原性。     

猪β干扰素在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达及其对伪狂犬病毒的抑制作用

了研制高活性的重组猪β干扰素,对PoIFNβ成熟蛋白第3、7和164位的3个氨基酸密码子进行毕赤酵母偏嗜性改造并构建了酵母表达载体pPICZαAPIB。pPICZαAPIB经SacⅠ酶切线性化后电转化导入毕赤酵母菌株X33。多株PCR鉴定为阳性的酵母转化子经甲醇诱导发酵分泌表达了PoIFNβ, 其中B1株酵母的PoIFNβ产量最高,约为2.5×10.5U/mL,其表达量约为60μg/mL,比活为4.17×10.6U/mg。将发酵上清液用PEG20000浓缩后进行SDSPAGE和Western blot检测,结果表明表达产物是分子量约为28kDa和25kDa蛋白的混合物,两者均可与PoIFNβ阳性抗血清发生特异反应。表达产物比PoIFNβ理论推导分子量（约20.8kDa）大,推测可能是表达产物发生了不同程度的糖基化。重组PoIFNβ对伪狂犬病毒在细胞中增殖可呈现抑制作用,并且rPoIFNβ对伪狂犬病毒在MDBK细胞上早期增殖的抑制效果最为明显。     

多粘芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus polymyxa)β-葡萄糖苷酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达、纯化及酶学性质分析

从多粘芽孢杆菌 (Bacilluspolymyxa 1794 )中克隆得到 β-葡萄糖苷酶基因bglA。将其构建在大肠杆菌 (Es-cherichiacoli)表达载体pET28a(+)上 ,转化E .coliBL21,获得重组工程菌BL1979。重组表达的 β-葡萄糖苷酶的酶活力达到 247IU mL ,经镍柱纯化后的β-葡萄糖苷酶最适温度为 37℃ ,最适pH值为70 ,该酶经纯化后纯度可达92.7%。用非变性梯度聚丙烯凝胶电泳发现该酶具有多种寡聚体形式 ,经荧光底物活性染色表明这些寡聚体均具有β-葡萄糖苷酶活性.     

四环素-绿色荧光蛋白融合蛋白的构建及其活性测定

将来源于水母的绿色荧光蛋白基因 (gfp)和来源于E .coli转座子Tn10的四环素阻遏蛋白基因 (tetR)共同构建到E .coli表达载体pET_30a +上 ,获得TetRC_端与GFPN_端融合蛋白。对经诱导表达并纯化后的融合蛋白 (TR∷GFP)进行荧光发射光谱分析表明 ,该融合蛋白保留了GFP的荧光特性 ,即在 395nm激发下 ,可在 5 10nm附近有特征发射峰。在加入四环素后 ,融合蛋白在 395nm激发下 ,在400nm～700nm范围内的发射光谱发生明显变化 ,荧光强度普遍增加 ,且以 510nm处最大发射峰增幅最大 ,由原来 1132增至 2214 ,而四环素对相同浓度的GFP与TetR荧光影响不大 ,结果表明该融合蛋白 ,能感受外界四环素 ,并产生一定的荧光变化。     

利用重组大肠杆菌产聚-4-羟基丁酸的研究*

重组大肠杆菌 E.coli XL-1 Blue（pKSSE5.3）携带Ralstonia　eutropha　H16的 PHA聚合酶基因（phaC）和Clostridium kluyveri的4-羟基丁酸:CoA转移酶基因（orfZ）,可以利用葡萄糖和4-羟基丁酸为碳源合成均聚的聚-4-羟基丁酸[P（4HB）]。优化培养基和培养条件后,进行了补料分批培养。结果表明,经68h左右培养,E.coli XL-1 Blue（pKSSE5.3）的发酵液中菌体干重     

表达血管生长抑制素的重组毕赤酵母在诱导阶段混合碳源的流加

为进行高密度发酵并实现外源基因的高表达,在表型为Mut^S的重组毕赤酵母（Pichia pastoris）表达人血管生长抑制素的诱导阶段,采用了甘油甲醇混合补料的培养方式。以溶氧水平作为甘油代谢指针来控制甘油限制性流加既可维持一定菌体生长,又不会发生发酵液中残余甘油及有害代谢产物（乙醇）阻遏蛋白表达。当表达阶段的菌体平均比生长速率控制于0.012h^-1,菌体浓度达150 g/L,血管生长抑制素浓度最高达到108 mg/L,血管生长抑制素的平均比生产速率为0.02 mg/(g·h),菌体关于甘油的表观得率为0.69 g/g,菌体关于甲醇的表观得率为0.93g/g,较没有采用甘油限制性流加时都有所提高。     

重组蛋白GST-OsCATB的表达特性研究

为了阐明水稻Catalase（CAT）的酶学功能,首先需要获得出足量的、活性的该酶蛋白。本研究克隆了水稻OsCAT_B基因(GenBank accession No.D26484),构建到原核表达载体pGEX-6p-3中形成重组蛋白,继而转入E.coli菌株BL21中进行表达特性研究。结果表明,GST-OsCAT_B融合蛋白在E.coli中进行了过量表达,表达受到诱导剂浓度、诱导时间、诱导温度和诱导体系等多因素影响;通过谷胱甘肽Sepharose-4B亲合层析,纯化出足量、活性的融合蛋白GST-OsCAT_B,每克表达细胞（干重）中得率为51 mg GST-OsCAT_B。     

耐辐射奇球菌recA基因的克隆、表达及其对recA缺损大肠杆菌辐射抗性的影响

将耐辐射奇球菌（Deinococcus radiodurans）的recA基因克隆到表达质粒pET15b中,并在Escherichia coli HMS(DE3)中高效表达了可溶性的RecA重组蛋白。同时将recA基因通过穿梭质粒pRADZ3导入recA缺损E. coli TG2细胞中,Western印迹实验显示RecA蛋白能够在不需要诱导剂IPTG的条件下稳定表达。辐射抗性实验表明,D. radiodurans的recA基因在E. coli细胞中的表达能够完全补偿recA缺损E. coli辐射抗性能力。     

A genetic algorithm for the optimization of the thermoinduction protocol for high-level production of recombinant human-like collagen from Escherichia coli

Production of recombinant human-like collagen (RHLC) by thermoinduction of recombinant Escherichia coli BL 21 during high cell density cultivation was investigated in a 30 L bioreactor. The effects of induction temperature (T), pH, and carbon-to-nitrogen molar ratio of the nutrient medium (C/N) were examined. The optimal thermoinduction protocol for RHLC production was determined by using a model coupling genetic algorithm and artificial neural networks. The optimal operating conditions were as follows: maintenance of induction temperature at 42°C for 3 H and then at 39.4°C until the end, induction pH at 7.03, and C/N at 4.8 (mol/mol). The theoretical maximum concentration of RHLC was 12.5 g/L, whereas the experimental value was 12.1 g/L under the optimal induction conditions.     

基因重组大肠杆菌表达血红素加氧酶-1及培养条件优化

【背景】血红素加氧酶-1 (HO-1)具有抗氧化应激、抗凋亡和抗纤维化等多种生理效应,有望成为一种新型药物应用于临床疾病的治疗。【目的】构建表达HO-1的基因重组大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli),并优化其表达培养条件,实现HO-1高产率的表达。【方法】PCR法克隆集胞藻(Synechocystissp.)PCC6803的HO-1基因(ho1),构建重组质粒pET-28a-ho1,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,单因素实验优化表达培养基的种类、诱导剂添加时间、诱导培养时间、诱导剂浓度和诱导培养温度。【结果】构建了表达HO-1的基因重组大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)/pET-28a-ho1菌株,用甘油(GY)培养基培养至菌体浓度OD_(600)约为0.8时,加入终浓度为0.1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导,30°C诱导培养6 h,HO-1的表达量最高,Ni-NTA柱分离纯化得到的HO-1收率占细胞总蛋白的10.9%。【结论】获得了可溶性表达HO-1的基因重组大肠杆菌及其较佳的培养条件,为进一步研究集胞藻来源的HO-1的酶学性质和应用奠定了基础。     

Optimization of expression conditions for soluble protein by using a robotic system of multi-culture vessels

We have developed a robotic system for an automated parallel cell cultivation process that enables screening of induction parameters for the soluble expression of recombinant protein. The system is designed for parallelized and simultaneous cultivation of up to 24 different types of cells or a single type of cell at 24 different conditions. Twenty-four culture vessels of about 200 ml are arranged in four columns x six rows. The system is equipped with four independent thermostated waterbaths, each of which accommodates six culture vessels. A two-channel liquid handler is attached in order to distribute medium from the reservoir to the culture vessels, to transfer seed or other reagents, and to take an aliquot from the growing cells. Cells in each vessel are agitated and aerated by sparging filtered air. We tested the system by growing Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells harboring a plasmid for a model protein, and used it in optimizing protein expression conditions by varying the induction temperature and the inducer concentration. The results revealed the usefulness of our custom-made cell cultivation robot in screening optimal conditions for the expression of soluble proteins.     

Overproduction of alkaline polygalacturonate lyase in recombinant Escherichia coli by a two-stage glycerol feeding approach

This work aims to achieve the overproduction of alkaline polygalacturonate lyase (PGL) with recombinant Escherichia coli by a two-stage glycerol feeding approach. First, the PGL coding gene from Bacillus subtilis WSHB04-02 was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) under the strong inducible T7 promoter of the pET20b (+) vector. And then the influence of media composition, induction temperature, and inducer isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration on cell growth and PGL production was investigated. Finally, a two-stage glycerol feeding strategy was proposed and applied in a 3-L fermenter, where cultivation was conducted at a controlled specific growth rate (μset=0.2) during pre-induction phase, followed by a constant glycerol feeding rate of 12 ml h(-1) at post-induction phase. The total PGL yield reached 371.86 U mL(-1), which is the highest PGL production by recombinant E. coli expression system.     

Selective leakage of host-cell proteins during high-cell-density cultivation of recombinant and non-recombinant Escherichia coli

Significant leakage of host-cell proteins into the culture medium occurred during high-cell-density cultivation of E. coli. Identification of these medium proteins revealed almost exclusively a periplasmic origin. Release of periplasmic proteins into the culture medium was observed throughout the entire cultivation of recombinant or non-recombinant cells. Leakage was intensified, however, in the final part of high-cell-density cultures (>100 g L(-)(1) dry cell mass) or when a temperature upshift was used for induction of recombinant protein synthesis. After temperature upshift, formation rates and residual cellular concentrations of periplasmic proteins declined with individual rates; e.g., the cellular content of the large periplasmic dipeptide binding protein DppA (57.4 kDa) started to decline about 4 h after the temperature upshift, whereas the smaller periplasmic d-galactose/d-glucose binding protein MglB (33.4 kDa) was already lost during the first hour after the upshift. In addition to periplasmic proteins, the osmotic-shock-sensitive heat-shock protein DnaK was found in significantly higher proportion in the cell-free medium of the temperature-challenged culture than other cytoplasmic proteins. Cell lysis was not observed even after prolonged cultivation. Thus, loss of a subset of cellular proteins of mainly periplasmic origin ordinarily occurs during cultivation and is intensified through stressful conditions in high-cell-density cultures. The selective release of cellular proteins of periplasmic origin offers the opportunity to simplify the downstream processing of recombinant proteins directed to the periplasm of E. coli.     

Model based optimization of the fed-batch production of a highly active transglutaminase variant in Escherichia coli

A process for the production of a thermostable variant of a microbial transglutaminase was developed. The transglutaminase variant produced, carried a single amino acid exchange (serine replaced by proline at position 2) and showed a nearly doubled specific activity of 46.1 Umg(-1) compared to the wild-type enzyme. Based on a model based optimization strategy, intracellular soluble production in Escherichia coli was optimized. After parameter identification and only two fed-batch cultivations, a space time yield of 1438 U(TG)L(-1)h(-1) was obtained which is 175% higher than the highest values published so far (extracellular production using Corynebacterium ammoniagenes). High carbon source concentrations during expression were found to increase the product formation. Prior to the fed-batch cultivation, the host strain was adapted from complex medium to minimal medium by serial dilution. Upon transfer to the minimal medium, initially the maximal growth rate dropped to 0.13 h(-1). After the six consecutive cultivations the rate increased to 0.47 h(-1) and the portion of the complex medium was reduced to 1 ppm. Using the adapted cells, temperature after induction and IPTG-concentration were investigated by satellite batch cultivation according to a Design of Experiment (DoE) plan. The product yield was strongly influenced by the temperature after induction but not by the inductor concentration. The highest specific activity of 1386 Ug(-1) bio dry mass was obtained at 29°C and 0.7 mM IPTG.     

High-density Escherichia coli cultivation process for hyperexpression of recombinant porcine growth hormone.

Fermentation studies were performed on an Escherichia coli culture that carries a recombinant plasmid composed of an ampicillin-resistant gene, a temperature-regulated pL promoter, and a porcine pituitary cDNA sequence coding for growth hormone. The objective was to achieve high cell density while maintaining the specific expression level of recombinant porcine growth hormone (r-pGH) observed in shake flasks. At a specific expression level of 20% of total cell protein, the cell density of a glucose-limited fed-batch process reached 38 units of OD600 in 14 h, compared to flask cultivation, which resulted in only 1.4 units of OD600 in the same period. The observed critical fermentation conditions for maximal expression included (1) limiting glucose concentration below 1 g l-1 throughout the fed-batch growth and induction phases, (2) keeping postinduction temperature at 42 degrees C for 5-7 h, and (3) maintaining a postinduction growth rate around 0.17-0.21 h-1.     

Fed-batch cultivation of recombinant escherichia coli JM103 and production of the fusion protein SPA::EcoRI in a 60-L working volume airlift tower loop reactor

SPA::EcoRI fusion protein was produced by Escherichia coli JM103 carrying the multicopy expression plasmid pMTC48, the multicopy repressor plasmid pRK248, and the multicopy protection plasmid pEcoR4 in a 60-L working volume airlift tower loop reactor on M9 minimal medium with glucose. Cell mass concentration, total cell count, number of colony-forming units, specific growth rate, yield coefficient, and metabolite (acetate, pyruvate, succinate, lactate, ethanol) concentrations were monitored during the growth phase and gene expression. Gene expression was induced by temperature shift or chemically by isopropyl-thiogalactosidase in the airlift tower loop reactor (ALTR) at constant cultivation time and in a small stirred tank reactor at different cultivation times. During induction, the cultivation medium was supplemented with concentrated Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. The intracellular enzyme activity was evaluated as a function of the time after the start of the induction. It was found that the reduction of the glucose concentration and increase of the dissolved oxygen concentration reduced the acetate produced and increased the intracellular enzyme activity. (c) 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Cloning and optimization of induction conditions for mature PsaA (pneumococcal surface adhesin A) expression in Escherichia coli and recombinant protein stability during long-term storage

The gene corresponding to mature PsaA from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14 was cloned into a plasmid with kanamycin resistance and without a purification tag in Escherichia coli to express high levels of the recombinant protein for large-scale production as a potential vaccine candidate or as a carrier for polysaccharide conjugation at Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz. The evaluation of induction conditions (IPTG concentration, temperature and time) in E. coli was accomplished by experimental design techniques to enhance the expression level of mature recombinant PsaA (rPsaA). The optimization of induction process conditions led us to perform the recombinant protein induction at 25°C for 16 h, with 0.1mM IPTG in Terrific Broth medium. At these conditions, the level of mature rPsaA expression obtained in E. coli BL21 (DE3) Star by pET28a induction with IPTG was in the range of 0.8 g/L of culture medium, with a 10-fold lower concentration of inducer than usually employed, which contributes to a less expensive process. Mature rPsaA expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) Star accounted for approximately 30-35% of the total protein. rPsaA purification by ion exchange allowed the production of high-purity recombinant protein without fusion tags. The results presented in this work confirm that the purified recombinant protein maintains its stability and integrity for long periods of time in various storage conditions (temperatures of 4 or -70°C using different cryoprotectors) and for at least 3 years at 4 or -70°C in PBS. The conformation of the stored protein was confirmed using circular dichroism. Mature rPsaA antigenicity was proven by anti-rPsaA mouse serum recognition through western blot analysis, and no protein degradation was detected after long periods of storage.     

谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的诱导表达及提纯

含有日本血吸虫谷胱甘肽S -转移酶基因的质粒 pGEX - 5X - 1在大肠杆菌BL2 1 (DE3)菌株中得到表达。 37℃[1 ]下用 1 %乳糖诱导谷胱甘肽S -转移酶 (GST)的最适表达时间为 3h。盐析粗提酶液并以Habig法[2 ] 监测GST的活性 ,用pH6 .0 ,饱和度为 30 %硫酸铵去除杂蛋白 ,并调 pH7.5 ,饱和度 70 %硫酸铵使GST大量析出并保持活性。用透析法脱盐 ,并用Sephadex -G5 0凝胶对GST进行了初步纯化。初步探讨了GST的保存方法