细菌的毒力岛

毒力岛是指细菌染色体上一段具有典型结构特征的基因簇,主要编码与细菌的毒力及代谢等功能相关的产物,已在致病菌中发现了30几个毒力岛。由于毒力岛具有可移动性,使其在细菌的进化,毒力的获得,以及新病原的出现中均具有重要的意义。     

MORAL EXPERTISE: A PROBLEM IN THE PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICISTS

Philosophers, particularly moral philosophers, are increasingly being involved in public decision-making in areas which are seen to raise ethical issues. For example, Dame Mary Warnock chaired the ‘Committee of Inquiry into Human Fertilization and Embryology’ in the UK in 1982–4; the Philosophy Department at Auckland was commissioned by the Auckland Regional Authority to report on the ethical aspects of fluoridating the public water supply in 1990; and many of us are serving on ethics committees of various sorts. Not only are philosophers actually being called on or consulted, but many of us would argue that a philosophical contribution in such areas is essential. The involvement of moral philosophers in public policy decisions raises a question of professional ethics, viz, what role should a philosopher's own moral perspective or judgements play in the advice s/he gives, or contribution s/he makes, to public decision-making on ethical issues. Like most problems in professional ethics, this prompts reflection on the nature of the profession, and in particular on the expertise we take moral philosophy to offer. It also prompts reflection on how processes of public decision making in ethically problematic areas should be understood. I explore these issues in this paper.     

海南岛特有植物的研究

地海南岛的特有植物进行了统计分析,结果表明;涤南岛的中国特有属有１９属,其中海南特有属８属;中国特有种１１１０种,其中海南特有种５０５种,隶属于７９科,２６７属,论述了海南特有种的科属组成和地理分布,并对石灰岩地区的特有植物作了简要分析,从海南岛与我国其地区共有的中国特有种的统计可以看出,海南岛与广东的关系最为密切,次为广西,再次为云南,与华中的关系较为疏远。海南狄约暗荷戏搴０谓系退?     

THE SEA-BIRDS OF GOUGH ISLAND

Between November 1955 and May 1956 continuous observations were made on the sea-birds of Gough Island. These have been augmented by further occasional observations during seven subsequent years, and are compared with all previous published records for the island.
A check-list of 30 species of sea-birds has been compiled and substantiated, as far as possible, by a series of skins of 20 species.
Nearly 900 sea-birds cf 20 species were caught and measured, considerably more than at any previous time there; in the case of eight species, these are analysed in detail and some are compared with those from other populations.
The relative status of each species was estimated, together with total breeding populations where possible. In same cases the distribution of nests was mapped.
A detailed sound and photographic record, of 14 and 16 species respectively, was made.
Numbers of Wandering Albatrosses Diomedea exulans dabbenena and skuas Catharacta skua hamiltoni were ringed and colour-marked respectively to enable a more detailed study to be made of them.
General observations were made on the nesting seasons, breeding behaviour and moult of various species which are treated systematically.