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人类感觉包括:视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉,还有温觉、痛觉等.生物体是如何感知物理世界的问题一直吸引着人类,虽然在不同感知觉受体的发现及研究过程中不断取得新的突破性进展,但是对这些感知觉基础生物学层面的理解仍然有限.2021年度诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予感知觉研究领域,以表彰David Julius和Ardem Pata... 相似文献
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刘凌云 《生物化学与生物物理进展》2021,48(12):1381-1391
2021年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予美国生理学家戴维·朱利叶斯(David Julius)和分子生物学家阿德姆·帕塔普蒂安(Ardem Patapoutian),以表彰他们在发现温度感受器和触觉感受器中所做出的突出贡献.机体对热、冷和机械压力等外界刺激的感知能力对于人们适应不断变化的环境至关重要,可以避免其遭受伤害.在D... 相似文献
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温度感受器TRPV1调节疼痛 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
2021年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由戴维·朱利叶斯(David Julius)和阿德姆?帕塔普蒂安(Ardem Patapoutian)共同获得,以表彰二人分别在温度感受器辣椒素受体(TRPV1)和触觉感受器PIEZO1/2方面做出的杰出贡献.此项工作有助于阐明神经系统如何感知冷、热和机械刺激的机制,以及开发治疗疼痛的药物... 相似文献
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2021年美国科学家戴维·朱利叶斯(David Julius)和阿登·帕塔普蒂安(Ardem Patapoutian)因“发现温度和触觉感受器”而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,该发现为信息科学(information science)在生理学及医学中的应用指引了新方向。信息科学是研究信息运动规律和应用方法的科学,其中计算机大数据、数学建模模型具有来源多样、数据量增长快和高频等特征,为生理学和医学研究提供了新的分析视野。本文梳理了生理学及医学领域数据信息的提取步骤,比较了传统机器学习、深度学习、推荐系统和传统统计学方法的实现原理和技术特点,探讨了未来的信息科学和生理学及医学相结合的研究方向,以揭示信息科学在生理学及医学中应用的基本方法和原理及其对科学发展的意义。 相似文献
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一般都认为Julius von Sachs是现代植物生理学的创始者。他对当时受黑格尔和歌德影响的自然哲学的植物学,给予各种的实验性质,建立了新的学科——植物生理学。然后,他的学生Wilhelm Pfeffer使这一知识完全摆脱了生机论,将植物的生理现 相似文献
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辣椒中的辛辣物质辣椒素(capsaicin)能够引起口腔及表皮组织辛辣的感觉,这种现象早已被人们认识并加以利用,但其作用机制尚不了解。1997年Julius运用功能克隆的方法在大鼠的cDNA库中成功克隆出辣椒素的受体,并将其命名为香草醛受体亚型1(vanilloid receptor subtype 1,VR1)。随后,研究又先后克隆出人、鸡、豚鼠和兔的辣椒素受体。VR1广泛分布在背根神经节、三叉神经节和迷走神经节的中等和小直径神经元上。 相似文献
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The annual habitat selection of released Père David’s Deer in Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve 下载免费PDF全文
The number of Père David’s (Elaphurus davidinus) deer which have been released into the wild is over one hundred in the third core area of Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve. Annual habitat selection of released Père David’s deer was studied from November 2008 to November 2009. The results of our research showed that: in autumn and winter released Père David’s deer preferred to choose the locations at Spartina alterniflora community with higher plant density, higher plant height and larger aboveground biomass; in spring and summer released Père David’s deer preferred to choose the locations at S. alterniflora community with lower plant height, smaller aboveground biomass. Released Père David’s deer preferred to choose the locations at S. alterniflora community which are close to water sources and shallow bogs but have a moderate distance from the sea. Principal components analysis was performed on 8 ecological factors. The cumulative contribution of the first 3 principal components reached to 75% and these factors could represent the annual habitat features of released Père David’s deer. According to the results of principal component analysis, the influential factors for annual habitat selection of released Père David’s deer were classified separately as food factor (aboveground biomass, plant height), water factor (distance to water, distance from the shallow bogs), disturbance factor (distance from human disturbance). 相似文献
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The annual habitat selection of released Père David’s Deer in Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The number of Père David’s (Elaphurus davidinus) deer which have been released into the wild is over one hundred in the third core area of Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve. Annual habitat selection of released Père David’s deer was studied from November 2008 to November 2009. The results of our research showed that: in autumn and winter released Père David’s deer preferred to choose the locations at Spartina alterniflora community with higher plant density, higher plant height and larger aboveground biomass; in spring and summer released Père David’s deer preferred to choose the locations at S. alterniflora community with lower plant height, smaller aboveground biomass. Released Père David’s deer preferred to choose the locations at S. alterniflora community which are close to water sources and shallow bogs but have a moderate distance from the sea. Principal components analysis was performed on 8 ecological factors. The cumulative contribution of the first 3 principal components reached to 75% and these factors could represent the annual habitat features of released Père David’s deer. According to the results of principal component analysis, the influential factors for annual habitat selection of released Père David’s deer were classified separately as food factor (aboveground biomass, plant height), water factor (distance to water, distance from the shallow bogs), disturbance factor (distance from human disturbance). 相似文献
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Fen-Qi He Song-Lin Cheng David S Melville Jian-Sheng Lin Zhi Lin Hang-Dong Jiang 《动物分类学报》2015,40(2):235-236
As early as 1874,the French scientist Père A.David introduced to science a new bird species,Trochalopteron milnei,described as:"Ressemblant au T.formosum du Setchouan,mais ayant le dessus de la tête couleur de cannelle ou d’amadou,et la région parotique blanche"(David,1874).The bird skin that Père David collected,and so far deposited in Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris,was from"Koaten of W Fo-kien",in the current Chinese romanization system,Koaten is spelt as Guadun and Fo-kien spelt as Fujian.Then,spelling of the specific name of the bird was given as"milni"by David(1875),David and Oustalet(1877),and La Touche(1899,1925–1930).The bird is now usually known as Garrulax milnei milnei.However,Collar and Robson(2007)resurrected the genus Trochalopteron,and this is also being supported by Luo et al.(2009)as well as by Dickinson and Christidis(2014),but Bird Life still uses Garrulax(Bird Life,2015). 相似文献
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罗杰·大卫.科恩伯格(Roger David Kornberg)1947年出生于美国密苏里州圣路易斯,1967年毕业于哈佛大学,获得学士学位,1972年于斯坦福大学获得博士学位.曾经在位于剑桥的英国医学研究理事会分子生物学实验室做博士后研究. 相似文献
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戴维·M·盖特斯(David M.Gates)所著的《生物物理生态学》一书,已于1980年由Springer-Verlag(纽约、黑德柏格、柏林)出版。本书根据能量交换、气体交换和化学动力学的研究,对植物和动物对其所处环境的生态学反应,进 相似文献
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东方蝾螈正常胚胎发育与胚后发育分期的初步观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
关于研究两栖类正常发育的分期,Pollister和Moore(1937)对Rana sylvatica,Shumway(1943)对Rana pipiens,Anderson(1943)对Triturus pyrrhogasterHarrison对Amblystoma punctatum,朱治平等(1957)对Rana nigromaculata有过研究报导。作者鉴于上述所研究的关于有尾两栖类的材料均属于国外种类,而东方蝾螈 Cynops orientalis David在国内分布广泛, 相似文献
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植物生理学作为一个学科,我想应该从Julius von Sach算起,他首先开课,并写了实验手册(1865)和教材(1882)。至今也不过一百多年。虽然一般书上常把它上推到Stephen Hales(1672—1721)或van Helmont(1577—1644),甚至更早到古希腊的Aristotle。在我国则可上朔到宋应星(1587—1660)的“论气”和“天工开物”,或贾思勰的“齐民要术”(533—544)。甚至推到公元前的“汜胜之书’以至三千多年前的甲骨文记载的资料。但这 相似文献
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四川宝兴雉类生态和垂直分布的调查研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
宝兴位于四川盆地西缘山地,境内纵贯世界闻名的大雪山——即夹金山。 自19世纪30年代至20世纪30年代,先后有Verreaux(1838—1871),Geoffroy(1866),David(1871),Seinhoe(1871),Sharpe(1875),David et Oustalet(1877),Oustaler (1891—92),Styan(1899),Laubmann(1920),La Touch(1925—30),Smith(1931—34),Bangs(1932),Seys(1934)等对宝兴进行过调查和采集,而我 相似文献
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江西省爬行动物区系及地理区划 总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6
1 研究简史 关于江西爬行动物的研究 ,最早报道为David(1871)庐山几种蛇的记载 ,之后Sauvage (1877)报道了庐山的黑脊蛇Achalinusspinalis,G櫣nther(1888)报道了九江的 2 4种爬行动物 ,Boulenger(1890 )报道俩九江的扬子鳄Alligatorsinensis。此外还有Boettger (1894 相似文献