蛇毒心脏素对荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用初步研究

目的 探讨蛇毒心脏毒素（ＣＴＸ）对荷瘤小鼠Ｓ１８０腹水瘤细胞生长抑制的影响。方法 小鼠腹腔接种Ｓ１８０活瘤细胞,连续１０ｄ分别腹腔注ＣＴＸ０．８ｍｋｇ、０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ、０．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ,分别统计荷瘤小鼠的体重变化和癌细胞死亡率,并用有丝分裂完全民法分析体内癌细胞的有丝分裂过程,结果 ＣＴＸ各剂量组荷瘤小鼠的体重抑制和癌细胞的有丝分裂,表现在０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ实验组腹水Ｓ１８０细胞处于有丝分裂前期和     

影响病毒免疫治疗肿瘤疗效诸多因素的实验研究

甲型流感病毒ＰＲ８株两次注射治疗Ｓ１８０腹水瘤小鼠（６周龄）,第一次注射后小鼠存活率为５２％,间隔不同时间二次注射ＰＲ８,小鼠存活率均有不同程度提高,达６０％—９０％;小鼠植入Ｓ１８０细胞后第２、５、７、１０天分别给予病毒治疗,其存活率分别是７０％、３５％、１７．５％和０,对照组则１００％死亡。为观察荷瘤鼠体内抗病毒抗体对疗效的影响,首先用ＰＲ８免疫小鼠,待产生抗体后植入Ｓ１８０细胞再行病毒治疗,小鼠存活率为６２．５％;而未经病毒免疫过的荷瘤鼠,其存活率仅３３．３％。ＰＲ８治疗“老”龄荷瘤鼠（１０月龄）,存活率为０,平均生存时间为２２．３天,对照组为２０．５天。环磷酰胺可增加病毒对瘤细胞的感染率,二者协同作用,能提高小鼠存活率。     

蛇毒心脏毒素对荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用初步研究

目的探讨蛇毒心脏毒素（ＣＴＸ）对荷瘤小鼠Ｓ１８０腹水瘤细胞生长抑制的影响。方法小鼠腹腔接种Ｓ１８０活瘤细胞,连续１０ｄ分别腹腔注射ＣＴＸ０．８ｍｇ／ｋｇ、０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ、０．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ,分析统计荷瘤小鼠的体重变化和癌细胞死亡率,并用有丝分裂完全阻断法分析体内癌细胞的有丝分裂过程。结果ＣＴＸ各剂量组荷瘤小鼠的体重抑制和癌细胞死亡率均有明显的剂量反应关系,与对照组相比有显著的差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）;镜检发现ＣＴＸ能抑制体内癌细胞的有丝分裂,表现在０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ和０．８ｍｇ／ｋｇ实验组腹水Ｓ１８０细胞处于有丝分裂前期和中期的细胞数量明显减少,其ＭＩ值分别为０．７１％和０．８０％,比对照组显著减少（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论ＣＴＸ对Ｓ１８０小鼠体内癌细胞的生长有抑制和杀伤作用,并通过干扰和阻断癌细胞的有丝分裂过程,抑制腹水的生长。     

C_(60)对小鼠S_(180)肉瘤光动力学作用模型的建立

为验证Ｃ６０对活体肿瘤的光动力学损伤作用,我们从两方面进行实验：Ｃ６０对荷瘤小鼠的Ｓ１８０实体瘤的光动力学杀伤作用和Ｃ８０对离体Ｓ１８０肿瘤细胞的光动力学杀伤作用,在小鼠的瘤体上注射Ｃ８０光敏剂,在５１１ｎｍ、５７８ｎｍ混合黄录色激光照射正派主发Ｃ６０,产生大量的单线态氧,杀伤活性肿瘤。激光光强为５００ｍＷ,Ｃ６０浓度为３０μｇ／ｍｌ时,荷瘤小鼠寿命平均延长５天,瘤径减小１ｃｍ,瘤重减轻０．８克,     

病毒治愈的荷瘤鼠对再次植入S180细胞的实验研究

给病毒治愈的Ｓ１８０荷瘤小鼠腹腔内植入不同剂量的Ｓ１８０细胞和Ｅｈｒｌｉｃｈ细胞,随着Ｓ１８０细胞的植入量的增加,其存活率从９－％下降至１５％,与植入的Ｓ１８０细胞量成反比。而用ＥｈｒＬｉｃｈ腹水瘤细胞入病毒治愈的Ｓ１８０小鼠,５０００／只和１００００／只两组各存活１０％,其它组１００％死亡。     

深层发酵香菇水溶性胞外多糖的生物学活性

由香菇ＣＬ－２菌丝发酵上清液中分离到水溶性胞外多糖（ＨＥＰ）。研究表明,ＨＥＰ具有较强的免疫增效作用。它能有效促进正常小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,显著提高Ｔ淋巴细胞的百分含量,对小鼠体液免疫也有促进作用。ＨＥＰ对肉瘤Ｓ１８０的抑制率达３９．７％,并能显著延长荷瘤（ＥＡＣ）小鼠的存活时间,延长率达４０．５％。ＨＥＰ对牛艾滋病毒（ＢＩＶ）有直接抑制作用,抑制率为６６．７％。     

金葡菌及其L型感染荷瘤小鼠肿瘤内及非荷瘤小鼠肝脏内MDA和SOD的研究

用Ｐｙｒｏｇａｌｏｌ－ＮＢＴ等方法测定并分析荷瘤感染组,荷瘤非感染组及金葡菌及其Ｌ型感染组小鼠肿瘤或肝脏内超氧化歧酶（ＳＯＤ）和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量对小鼠生存的影响。结果发现荷瘤伴感染组小鼠的平均存活天数明显短于荷瘤非感染组及正常对照组,Ｐ＜０．０５。,共中１６．７％荷瘤伴感染组小鼠同时伴有自发性肿瘤。金葡菌及其Ｌ型感染组２３．３％引起自发性肿瘤。金葡菌及其Ｌ型感染组及荷瘤伴感染组小鼠肿瘤和肝脏内ＭＤＡ含量明显高于荷瘤非感染组,Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１。９８．７％荷瘤组小鼠肿瘤内ＳＯＤ含量极少或为零。金葡菌及其Ｌ型感染组与正常对照组小鼠肝内ＳＯＤ有明显差异,Ｐ＜０．０５。提示感染可能使小鼠体内ＳＯＤ量减少,ＭＤＡ量升高是引起小鼠发性肿瘤发生的重要原因之一。     

马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文探讨马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。马齿苋采用水提醇沉法得到马齿苋多糖,分别以50、100、200mg／kg通过腹腔给药10d,观察马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及对小鼠淋巴细胞转化功能、腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力、白介素-l（IL-1）和白介素-2（IL-2）生成量的影响。结果显示,马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠有明显的抑瘤作用,抑瘤率分别为16．92％、51．45％和64．96％。不同剂量马齿苋多糖与对照组相比可明显促进淋巴细胞的转化、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力,可有效的增加荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞的转化和腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力以及白介素-1（IL-1）和白介素-2（IL-2）的分泌。说明马齿苋多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠具有显著的抗肿瘤作用,其作用机制与增强小鼠免疫作用有关。     

E.coli DNA抗肿瘤免疫的动态实验研究

５５只Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠,５只作为正常对照组,其余５０只荷瘤后随机分为１０组, ５组为 ＴＥＳ对照组, ５组为Ｅ． ｃｏｌｉＤＮＡ治疗组。荷瘤第４ｄ起,分别于治疗组和对照组小鼠皮下注射 ＤＮＡ（１００ｍｇ／Ｌ）或 ＴＥＳ（０． １ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）,０．３ｍｌ／只,隔日１次,共５次。于荷瘤第５,９,１３,１７,２１ｄ处置对照组和治疗组各一组小鼠,进行Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＤＮＡ抗肿瘤免疫的动态研究。结果表明, Ｅ． ｃｏｌｉ ＤＮＡ体内抑瘤作用出现早、强且持久,主要是通过诱导肿瘤组织坏死所致,它可迅速持久地激活免疫系统,防止出现免疫低下或紊乱;对照组小鼠荷瘤早期可出现暂时的免疫功能增强,随荷瘤时间延长,逐渐降低至较低水平,并出现免疫紊乱。     

金葡菌及其L型感染荷瘤小鼠肿瘤内及非荷瘤小鼠肝脏内MDA和S…

用Ｐｙｒｏｇａｌｌｏｌ－ＮＢＴ等方法测定并分析荷瘤感染组,荷瘤非感染组及金葡菌及其Ｌ型感染组小鼠肿瘤或肝脏内超氧化歧酶（ＳＯＤ）和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量对小鼠生存的影响。结果发现荷瘤伴感染组小鼠的平均存活天数明显短于荷瘤非感染组及正常对照组,Ｐ〈０．０５。其中１６．７％荷瘤伴感染组小鼠同时伴有自发性肿瘤。金葡菌及其Ｌ型感染组２３．３％引起自发性肿瘤。金葡菌及其Ｌ型感染组及荷瘤伴感染组小鼠肿瘤和肝脏内     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.