宣化一中农场四种蔬菜丰产总结

宣化一中农场,在党的大力支持和正确领导下,本年度四种蔬菜,突破镇纪录,获得丰产。番茄二厘地,共产番茄413斤,折合亩产量20,650斤,超过当地农业社最高纪录(15,000斤)5,650斤。胡萝卜二分地共产2,901斤,折合亩产量14,505斤,(其中最大者一个2斤2两)超过当地最高产量(5,000斤)约近三倍。甘蓝四分地计产7,108斤,折合亩产量17,770斤(其中最大者一个22斤)超过当地最高产量(6,000斤)11,770斤。大葱亩产量8,000斤,超过当地最高产量(2,500斤)5,500斤。     

马鈴薯秋播栽培經驗

秋播馬鈴薯(二季馬鈴薯)的栽培生产,在各地推广几年了,有的成功,有的失敗。这个高产的短期作物,在我們现有的耕作制中,还沒有适当的位置。为了开发这一丰富的自然资源,我們从1953年开始試验研究,在秋播馬鈴薯的种子來源,生育规律,和栽培管理上,取得一些經驗。于1957年在拔海1,200—1,700公尺的山区,投入生产試驗,获得亩产1,769斤的記录。1959年又在24亩的面积上,获得亩产2,250斤的产量。产量最高的一亩,实收3,136斤。奠定了秋播馬鈴薯生产的基础,揭开了馬鈴薯栽培的第二个生产宝庫。     

使君子多糖的超声波提取及体外抗氧化

目的:利用超声波法提取使君子多糖,将得到的多糖进行抗氧化性实验,探究其抗氧化活性。方法:通过单因素实验和正交实验,研究料液比、超声作用时间、超声提取温度和超声功率对使君子多糖提取效果的影响。制备使君子多糖,通过对·OH及·O-2的清除实验结果来评价其抗氧化活性。结果:超声波法提取使君子多糖的最佳提取条件为料比液1∶30(g/m L)、提取时间40 min、提取温度70℃、超声波功率140 W,在此条件下使君子多糖的提取率为10.36%。抗氧化性试验数据显示使君子多糖对·OH及·O-2的清除作用显著。结论:使君子多糖具有较强的抗氧化活性,为使君子的资源利用与开发提供了科学依据。     

巢湖翘嘴红鲌的生物学及其资源变动的研究

翘嘴红鲌(Erythrocnlter ilisha-eformis)是巢湖大型经济鱼类的优势种。1952年巢湖鲌类(主要是翘嘴红鲌)产量是179.2万斤,近二十年来一直波动在50万斤上下。倘若能增殖和恢复翘嘴红鲌的资源,将可使巢湖鱼产量增加百万余斤。     

使君子开花、受精等生物学的初步观察

我省栽培的毛使君子[Quisqualis indica L.var.villosa (Roxb.ax DC.) Kurz]属于使君子科,使君子属。它分布于我国川、粤、桂、闽、滇、台、湘、赣、黔;印度、缅甸、菲律宾。     

胜利油菜播种期对生长发育及产量的影响

胜利油菜,又名“日本油菜”,在四川各地已广泛推广,获得了不少最高记录的产量,如1953年三台县农场每亩平均产量425.5斤,南部县农场大面积平均产330斤,我站1955年已获得276斤的高额产量。通常胜利油菜在四川各地种植,单位面积产量都在200斤以上,比本地油菜品种提高2～3倍产量,但也有因为对这个品种的栽培技术及生长特性未能掌握,每亩产量也有下降到几十斤的。因此,我站1952年至1955年对这个品种的特性及栽培技术作了初步的     

我國綠肥作物的利用

一.绿肥作物的意义利用未分解的植物的叶、茎和根,把它翻埋入土或经过漚制腐熟后作为肥料,这种肥料叫绿肥。绿肥是我国农业生产上应用极广泛的一种富含氮素和有机质的肥料,它能够显著的提高作物的产量,例如华东农业科学研究所1955年在南京的试验:在没有种绿肥的冬季休闲地上种水稻,每亩稻谷产量是628.8斤,施用了紫云英鲜草2,300斤,稻谷产量是700.8斤,增产13%,而在冬季种紫     

一株南瓜怎样收穫2500斤

石龙县禄新区官禄乡居龙村农业社,去年栽培的19株南瓜,共收获瓜果35,000斤,平均每株产量1,842斤多,其中最高产量的单株结果一百余个,每果重20斤以上,共约重2,500斤;最低产量的单株也结果1,500斤。该社南瓜之所以获得这样高的产量,主要有以下几项经验: (一)施足基肥进行间苗:该社栽培南瓜,每年都是在夏历二月初二前后2—3天播种。种前4—5天掘穴2—2.5尺宽、1.5尺深,施以厩肥为主的基肥50—60斤,盖上约3—5分厚的泥土,适当淋些水,让厩肥发酵腐热。然后在每一个穴中播下2—3粒种子。到种子发芽后长出2—3片真叶的时候,就要间苗,把生长不好的苗全部拔掉,只留1—2株最健壮的瓜苗。 (二)注意主根的追肥、培土:留下的瓜苗长到     

断枝采松塔——造成红松籽“小年”

红松是长白山区的珍贵针叶树种,“松塔”为红松树所结“塔状果实”的简称。红松籽仁是高级食品、糖果糕点的生产原料,外贸出口量较大。浑江市是全国红松籽主产区,丰年产量达吨左右。松塔鲜重1.5～2.5斤,含松籽百粒左右,出籽重1～3.5两。松塔多生长在成龄树二年生的树枝上,小龄树的松塔多见单挂树枝上,老龄树的松塔,有窝状、堆生,一窝有的多达40～50个。适时地、科学地釆松塔,是保护资源,缩短“小年”、提高产量的关键。     

白菜亩产59,705斤的丰产经验

1958年秋季,我场种植了三块白菜丰产田,其中一亩白菜丰产田,經上级派員驗收实产59,705.5斤,比当地农业社亩产5,000余斤增产十倍以上,比我场最高年产量的1957年亩产12,000斤增产近四倍。获得白菜的丰产,除政治掛帅外,主要措施是: 一、选擇优良白菜品种过去我场种植白菜,都系选用当地及北京地区的包心种,它们的特点是植株矮小产量不高;外叶左右扩展佔地面积大不宜高度密植;提前播种易罹毒病及     

Role for dopamine in malonate-induced damage in vivo in striatum and in vitro in mesencephalic cultures

Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.     

Scurvy in capybaras bred in captivity in Argentine

In order to determine if the absence of vitamin C in the diet of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) causes scurvy, a group of seven young individuals were fed food pellets without ascorbic acid, while another group of eight individuals received the same food with 1 g of ascorbic acid per animal per day. Animals in the first group developed signs of scurvy-like gingivitis, breaking of the incisors and death of one animal. Clinical signs appeared between 25 and 104 days from the beginning of the trial in all individuals. Growth rates of individuals deprived of vitamin C was considerably less than those observed in the control group. Deficiency of ascorbic acid had a severe effect on reproduction of another population of captive capybaras. We found that the decrease in ascorbic acid content in the diet affected pregnancy, especially during the first stages. The results obtained suggest that it is necessary to supply a suitable quantity of vitamin C in the diet of this species in captivity.     

Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity in chicken tissues in hyperthyreosis in ontogenesis

The lactate dehydrogenase activity in reactions of lactate oxidation and synthesis was studied in subfractions of the chicken brain, heart and liver at the embryonal, early postembryonal and adult stages of development after thyroxine administration. It has been shown that during embryogenesis thyroxine predominantly enhanced the rate of lactate oxidation in the mitochondrial tissues. A marked increase in the lactate synthesis was found in cytoplasm of the adult chicken tissues. Specificity of enzyme activity alterations was detected in the chicken brain during ontogenesis after thyroxine administration.     

SSTR5 ablation in islet results in alterations in glucose homeostasis in mice

Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.