共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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电化学发光基因检测是把电化学发光的高灵敏性和传统分子生物学方法的稳定性结合于一体的一种新型的基因检测技术。与传统的基因检测方法相比,它具有无放射性危害、高灵敏度、操作简便等优点。近年被广泛地应用于核酸序列分析,基因突变分析,遗传病、转基因物种、病毒、微生物等的检测。本文概述了电化学发光的基本原理以及传统的基因检测技术,详细地介绍了电化学发光在当前基因检测中的应用现状,并对其前景作了展望。 相似文献
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压电生物传感器是一种将高灵敏的压电传感器与特异的生物反应结合在一起的新型生物分析方法,这一方法不需要任何标记,且仪器构造简单、操作方便,引起人们的浓厚兴趣,逐渐成为生物传感器领域中的一项研究热点。本文就压电免疫传感器及压电基因传感器在微生物、蛋白质及基因检测等方面的研究应用作一综述。压电生物传感器将在分子生物学、疾病诊断和治疗、新药开发、司法鉴定等领域具有很大开发潜力。 相似文献
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基因网络研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
分子生物学的深入发展揭示了复杂的生命现象是大量基因相互作用的结果,传统的以描述为主的生物学和分解分析的研究方法受到挑战.随着DNA芯片和分子阵列技术的应用,快速检测生物基因组的表达已成为可能.在生命科学领域,基因网络作为一种系统的、定量的研究方法正在受到重视,该方法建立在分子生物学、非线性数学和信息学等多学科交叉的基础上.基因网络是动力系统模型,具有稳定性、层次性等一系列非线性系统的特性.通过基因表达的大量数据,结合一定的分析和计算方法可以构建合适的基因网络拓扑结构模拟系统的行为.反过来,利用已建立的基因网络可以指导进一步的实验.计算机工具和Internet资源是基因网络研究的重要手段.基因网络研究将在后基因组研究中发挥重要的作用. 相似文献
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微生物基因数据库在氮循环功能基因注释中的应用 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
氮循环是微生物和化学过程介导的生物地球化学循环。利用基因测序技术研究环境中参与氮循环的微生物群落、微生物及功能基因,是环境基因组学和微生物生态学的重要研究热点。近年来,各种类型的数据库被开发并应用到功能分析中。本文结合时下最新研究成果,聚焦由微生物引起的同化硝酸盐还原作用、异化硝酸盐还原作用、反硝化作用、固氮作用、硝化作用(包括完全氨氧化作用)和厌氧氨氧化作用等6种无机氮循环途径的功能基因,对比了National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)、Integrated Microbial Genomes (IMG)、Universal Protein (UniProt)、Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)、Protein Families (Pfam)、Functional Gene (FunGene)、Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG)和NCycDB等数据库的设计理念和功能特点,并结合环境介质、表征基因、分析方法和比对方法等影响因素,分析了以上数据库在氮循环功能基因注释中的选择及应用方式,展望了未来氮循环基因数据库的发展方向,以期为研究人员了解氮循环基因家族和选择合适的数据分析平台提供参考。 相似文献
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营养学是一门古老的学科, 为人们的健康保护和疾病预防提供了重要的理论指导。随着分子生物学技术的发展, 它已成为21世纪生命科学研究最为主要的技术之一。分子生物学与营养学的结合, 产生了分子营养学。而基因组学与营养学的结合, 则形成了营养基因组学。营养基因组学涵盖了一个广泛的领域, 它研究营养素和基因表达的相互影响, 预测其对营养素的反应。基因组学技术可以帮助确认一些与疾病发生有关的基因, 人们可以根据各自的基因图谱制定一份个性化的饮食方案, 以此防病治病, 使人们的健康状况通过调整饮食来达到最佳。文中重点介绍了营养基因组学的主要研究方法及其应用。 相似文献
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代谢组学是系统生物学的重要分支,因其高效、高通量等特点而广泛应用于食品科学、药物学等研究领域。本文概述了代谢组学的分离和检测技术,综述了代谢组学在乳酸菌鉴定、发酵调控、肠道菌群研究等方面中的应用,对代谢组学在乳酸菌研究中潜在的问题和未来发展趋势进行了讨论,期望为代谢组学在食品工业微生物中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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Bio-nanotechnology is a new interdisciplinary R&D area that integrates engineering and physical science with biology through the development of multifunctional devices and systems, focusing biology inspired processes or their applications, in particular in medical biotechnology. DNA based nanotechnology, in many ways, has been one of the most intensively studied fields in recent years that involves the use and the creation of bio-inspired materials and their technologies for highly selective biosensing, nanoarchitecture engineering and nanoelectronics. Increasing researches have been offered to a fundamental understanding how the interactions between the nanoparticles and DNA molecules could alter DNA molecular structure and its biochemical activities. This minor review describes the mechanisms of the nanoparticle–DNA binding and molecular interactions. We present recent discoveries and research progresses how the nanoparticle–DNA binding could vary DNA molecular structure, DNA detection, and gene therapy. We report a few case studies associated with the application of the nanoparticle–DNA binding devices in medical detection and biotechnology. The potential impacts of the nanoparticles via DNA binding on toxicity of the microorganisms are briefly discussed. The nanoparticle–DNA interactions and their impact on molecular and microbial functionalities have only drown attention in recent a few years. The information presented in this review can provide useful references for further studies on biomedical science and technology. 相似文献
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Text-mining in molecular biology - defined as the automatic extraction of information about genes, proteins and their functional relationships from text documents - has emerged as a hybrid discipline on the edges of the fields of information science, bioinformatics and computational linguistics. A range of text-mining applications have been developed recently that will improve access to knowledge for biologists and database annotators. 相似文献
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1997年6月4日,原国家科技领导小组第三次会议决定要制定和实施《国家重点基础研究发展规划》,随后科技部组织实施了国家重点基础研究发展计划,亦称"973"计划。制定和实施"973"计划是党中央、国务院为实施"科教兴国"和"可持续发展战略",加强基础研究和科技工作做出的重要决策,是提高科技持续创新能力的重要举措。文章简要介绍与昆虫学相关的8个"973"计划项目的研究概况,这8个项目分别是:农作物重大病虫害成灾机理及调控基础的研究、农业重要转基因生物安全研究、农林危险生物入侵机理与控制基础研究、农业微生物杀虫防病功能基因的发掘和分子机理研究、绿色化学农药先导结构及作用靶标的发现与研究、家蚕主要经济性状功能基因组与分子改良研究、农业生物多样性控制病虫害和保护种质资源的原理与方法、重大农业害虫猖獗危害的机制及可持续控制的研究。 相似文献
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绿豆(Vigna radiata(L.)Wilczek)作为一种医食两用作物,不仅是重要的食物资源,在改善土壤环境、提高农民收入等方面也发挥着重要作用。然而,相对于大宗作物而言,绿豆基础研究薄弱,基因组研究更是落后。近年来,分子标记技术迅速发展,在绿豆基因组学研究中发挥了重要的作用。国内外利用分子标记技术已构建了超过20张绿豆遗传连锁图谱。一些优良基因尤其是与抗性相关的基因被鉴定或精细定位,为绿豆分子标记辅助选择打下基础,加快了抗性新品种的培育进程。本研究通过对分子标记技术在绿豆遗传连锁图谱构建、重要功能基因的定位等方面的应用进行综述,以期为绿豆遗传育种研究及功能基因组学分析提供参考。 相似文献
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Mohammed Bakkali 《Comptes rendus biologies》2013,336(8):375-383
Genetics is an immense science and the current developments in its methods and techniques as well as the fast emerging tools make it one of the most powerful biological sciences. Indeed, from taxonomy and ecology to physiology and molecular biology, every biological science makes use of genetics techniques and methods at one time or another. In fact, development in genetics is such that it is now possible to characterize and analyze the expression of the whole set of genes of virtually every living organism, even if it is a non-model one. Locusts are notorious for the damage they cause to the ecosystems and economies of the areas affected by their recurrent population outbreaks. To prevent and deal with these outbreaks, we now count on both biological as well as chemical agents that are proving to be successful in reducing the damage that otherwise locust population outbreaks might cause. However, a better, efficient and environmentally friendly solution is still a hoped-for target. In my opinion, the ideal future pesticide should be both environmentally friendly, risk free and species-specific. To reach the knowledge needed for the development of such species-specific anti-locust agent, deep and accurate knowledge of the locusts’ genetics and molecular biology is a must. Since genes and their expression levels lie at the bottom of every biological phenomenon, any species-specific solution to the locust problem requires a good knowledge of these organisms’ genes as well as the quantitative and spatio-temporal dynamics of their expression. To reach such knowledge, collaborative work is needed as well as a clear workflow that, given the fast development in the genetics tools, is not always clear to all research groups. For this reason, here I describe a genetics workflow that should allow taking advantage of the most recent genetics tools and techniques to answer question relating to locust biology. My hope is that the adoption of this and other work strategies by different research groups, especially when the work is a collaborative one, would provide precious information on the biology and the biological phenomena that these economically important organisms exhibit. 相似文献