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1.
Cordero P Campion J Milagro FI Goyenechea E Steemburgo T Javierre BM Martinez JA 《Journal of physiology and biochemistry》2011,67(3):463-470
Obesity-associated adipose tissue enlargement is characterized by an enhanced proinflammatory status and an elevated secretion
of adipokines such as leptin and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Among the different mechanisms that
could underlie the interindividual differences in obesity, epigenetic regulation of gene expression has emerged as a potentially
important determinant. Therefore, 27 obese women (age, 32–50 years; baseline body mass index, 34.4 ± 4.2 kg/m2) were prescribed an 8-week low-calorie diet, and epigenetic marks were assessed. Baseline and endpoint anthropometric parameters
were measured, and blood samples were drawn. Genomic DNA and RNA from adipose tissue biopsies were isolated before and after
the dietary intervention. Leptin and TNF-alpha promoter methylation were measured by MSP after bisulfite treatment, and gene
expression was also analyzed. Obese women with a successful weight loss (≥5% of initial body weight, n = 21) improved the lipid profile and fat mass percentage (−12%, p < 0.05). Both systolic (−5%, p < 0.05) and diastolic (−8%, p < 0.01) blood pressures significantly decreased. At baseline, women with better response to the dietary intervention showed
lower promoter methylation levels of leptin (−47%, p < 0.05) and TNF-alpha (−39%, p = 0.071) than the non-responder group (n = 6), while no differences were found between responder and non-responder group in leptin and TNF-alpha gene expression analysis.
These data suggest that leptin and TNF-alpha methylation levels could be used as epigenetic biomarkers concerning the response
to a low-calorie diet. Indeed, methylation profile could help to predict the susceptibility to weight loss as well as some
comorbidities such as hypertension or type 2 diabetes. 相似文献
2.
Ziping Chen Chuanzhen Zhang Changqing Xu Kun Li Ruiping Hou Danping Li Xiaoli Cheng 《Molecular biology reports》2011,38(3):1507-1513
DNA repair capacity (DRC) can be altered based on sequence variations in DNA repair genes, which may result in cancer susceptibility.
The current study was to evaluate the association between genetic polymorphisms, including associated haplotypes of xeroderma
pigmentosum complementary group D (XPD), and individual susceptibility to gastric cancer. Two-hundred-eight patients with
gastric cancer and 339 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Their genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood
leukocytes. The genotypes at exon 6, 10 and 23 were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Unconditional logistic
regression model was used to analyze the effects of the polymorphisms, including the corresponding haplotypes, on the susceptibility
to develop gastric cancer. The proportion of genotypes GA or AA at exon 10 in cases was showed to be significantly higher
than that in controls (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, respectively). The risk of genotype GA or AA carriers to develop gastric cancer was simultaneously much higher (OR = 3.38,
95% CI 2.30–4.95; OR = 6.13, 95% CI 2.45–15.31, respectively). The allele A at exon 10 was also observed to manifest a substantially
higher frequency in cases compared to controls (P < 0.01), which might indicate an increased tendency to gastric cancer (OR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.81–3.17). No significant differences
were found in the distribution of genotypes at exon 6 or 23 between the two groups (P = 0.23, P = 0.52; P = 0.44, P = 0.56, respectively). By haplotype analysis, haplotype AAA could individually increase incidence of gastric cancer (P < 0.01, OR = 3.39, 95% CI 2.21–5.21). In contrast, haplotypes CGA and AGA were showed a decline in gastric cancer susceptibility
(OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.46–0.97; OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.41–0.83, respectively). The rest of haplotypes made no statistically significant
difference between cases and controls. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the genetic variation at exon 10 and haplotype
AAA may be contributing factors in developing gastric cancer. 相似文献
3.
J. Purkayastha T. Sugla A. Paul S. Solleti L. Sahoo 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(5):442-447
A rapid and efficient method for the large-scale propagation of a highly valuable medicinal plant, Andrographis paniculata Nees, through in vitro culture of nodal explants obtained from 15-d-old aseptic seedling has been developed. High frequency direct shoot proliferation
was induced in nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Amongst
the various cytokinins tested (BAP, kinetin, thidiazuron and 2-isopentyl adenine), BAP proved to be the most effective. The
shoot forming capacity of the nodal explants was influenced by the BAP concentration (1–12.5 μM), and the optimal response
was observed at 10 μM BAP, which induced an average of 34 shoots in 94% of the cultures within 4 wk. Significant differences
were recorded in terms of average number of shoots per explant (8.6–34.1) among the different concentrations of BAP investigated.
Concentrations of all cytokinins tested reach a level that can be considered above the optimum level, as marked by a reduced
frequency of shoot proliferation. The multiple shoots obtained on various concentrations of BAP failed to elongate even after
transfer to hormone-free MS medium. Elongation of the induced shoots was achieved on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 μM
GA3 within 2 wk. A proliferating shoot culture was established by repeatedly subculturing the original nodal explants on shoot
multiplication medium after each harvest of the newly formed shoots. The explants retained their morphogenic potential even
after three harvests. Therefore, in 90 d, about 60–70 shoots were obtained from a single nodal explant and the nodal explants
from primary shoots further regenerated equivalent number of shoots, depicting their high frequency regeneration potential
in A. paniculata. Rooting was best induced in 94% of shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), within
a wk. The plantlets were successfully transferred to soil after hardening with a 92% survival rate. The system is rapid: the
initiation of shoot buds to the transplanting of regenerants to soil is completed in 8–9 wk. 相似文献
4.
The aim of this study was to explore whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms confer susceptibility to psoriasis. Meta-analyses
were conducted on the associations between the VDR ApaI, TaqI, BsmI, and FokI polymorphisms and psoriasis. Nine relevant studies
on VDR polymorphisms and psoriasis were included in this meta-analysis, which involved 742 psoriasis patients and 715 controls.
Meta-analysis indicated an association between the VDR ApaI A allele and psoriasis in Turkish studies (OR = 0.684, 95% CI = 0.475–0.985,
p = 0.041). Meta-analysis indicated an association between the BsmI B allele and psoriasis in Asians (OR = 0.636, 95% CI = 0.411–0.984,
p = 0.041), and showed a significant association between the FF and ff genotypes of the FokI polymorphism and psoriasis in
all study subjects and in Turkish studies (OR = 2.028, 95% CI = 1.194–3.446, p = 0.009; OR = 3.582, 95% CI = 1.602–8.009, p = 0.002). This meta-analysis suggests that the VDR ApaI polymorphism confers susceptibility to psoriasis in the Turkish population.
In addition, associations were found between the BsmI polymorphism and susceptibility to psoriasis in Asians and between the
Fok I polymorphism and psoriasis in the Turkish population. 相似文献
5.
Diwakar Aggarwal Anil Kumar M. Sudhakara Reddy 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(1):45-52
An efficient shoot organogenesis system has been developed from mature plants of selected elite clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Cultures were established using nodal explants taken from freshly coppice shoots cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium
containing 58 mM sucrose, 0.7% (w/v) agar (MS medium) and supplemented with 2.5 μM benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA). Shoot organogenesis was achieved from leaf segments taken from elongated microshoots on MS medium supplemented
with 5.0 μM BA and 1.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The addition of cefotaxime to the medium promoted shoot
differentiation, whereas carbenicillin and cephalexin inhibited shoot differentiation. Maximum shoot bud organogenesis (44.6%)
occurred in explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 μM BA, 1.0 μM 2,4-D and 500 mg/l cefotaxime. Leaf maturity
influenced shoot regeneration, with maximum shoot organogeneisis (40.5%) occurring when the source of explants was the fifth
leaf (14–16 days old) from the top of microshoot. Shoot organogenic potential also varied amongst the different clones of
E. tereticornis. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses indicated clonal uniformity of
the newly formed shoots/plants, and these were also found to be true-to-type. 相似文献
6.
The aim of our meta-analysis was to quantitatively summarize the association of TYK2 gene polymorphisms with autoimmune and
inflammatory diseases. 11 studies that included data from 21497 cases and 22647 controls were identified. OR was used as a
measure of the effect of the association in a fixed/random effect model. Meta-analysis was performed for six TYK2 gene polymorphisms
(rs34536443, rs2304256, rs280523, rs280519, rs12720270 and rs12720356). Significant association was found in rs34536443 (C
versus G: OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.69–0.84, P < 0.00001; GC + CC versus GG: OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.68–0.90, P = 0.0005; CC versus GG + GC: OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.28–2.05, P = 0.58; CC versus GG: OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.27–2.02, P = 0.56; GC versus GG: OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.68–0.90, P = 0.0006) and rs2304256 (A versus C: OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.70–0.87, P < 0.0001; CA + AA versus CC: OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.59–0.81, P < 0.0001; AA versus CC + CA: OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.66–1.00, P = 0.05; AA versus CC: OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.47–0.86, P = 0.003; CA versus CC: OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.60–0.83, P < 0.0001) in TYK2 gene, but not for the other polymorphisms (rs280523, rs280519, rs12720270, and rs12720356). This meta-analysis
demonstrates that autoimmune and inflammatory diseases is associated with TYK2 gene rs34536443 and rs2304256 polymorphisms,
but not rs280523, rs280519, rs12720270 and rs12720356. 相似文献
7.
Thanyaporn Kleekayai Worapot Suntornsuk 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2011,27(5):1145-1154
Potato chip processing waste of trimmed potato, potato peel and substandard (low-quality) potato chips, obtained from a potato
chip processing plant, were used as substrates for chitosan production from Rhizopus oryzae. It was cultured on each waste product at 30 ± 2°C and 70% moisture content for 21 days. Fermented potato peel had the highest
yield after 5 days of fermentation. The cultivation condition of chitosan obtained from R. oryzae was optimum for a peel size of less than 6 mesh, 70% moisture content and a pH of 5. Furthermore, the best extraction condition
was using 46% sodium hydroxide at 46°C for 13 h followed by 2% acetic acid at 95°C for 8 h. The maximum chitosan yield obtained
by these conditions was 10.8 g/kg substrate. Fungal chitosan properties were found to be 86–90% degree of deacetylation, molecular
weight of 80–128 kDa and viscosity of 3.1–6.1 mPa s. Therefore, potato peel could be applied as a low cost substrate for chitosan
production from R. oryzae. 相似文献
8.
J. C. Cervantes-Flores B. Sosinski K. V. Pecota R. O. M. Mwanga G. L. Catignani V. D. Truong R. H. Watkins M. R. Ulmer G. C. Yencho 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2011,28(2):201-216
Development of orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes (OFSP) is desired for the improvement of the food supply and nutritional status
of millions of people in developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. However, sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] breeding is challenging due to its genetic complexity, and marker-assisted breeding tools are needed to facilitate
crop improvement. We identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for dry-matter, starch, and β-carotene content in a hexaploid
sweetpotato mapping population derived from a cross between Tanzania, a white-fleshed, high dry-matter African landrace, and
Beauregard, an orange-fleshed, low dry-matter sweetpotato cultivar popular in the USA. Two parental maps were constructed
using a population of 240 clones. Strong correlations were observed between starch and dry-matter content (r > 0.8, P < 0.0001) in the storage roots, while moderate correlations (r = –0.6, P < 0.0001) were observed for β-carotene and starch content. In both parental maps, QTL analysis revealed the presence of 13
QTL for storage root dry-matter content, 12 QTL for starch content, and 8 QTL for β-carotene content. Multiple QTL regression
models developed for segregation of alleles in each parent explained 15–24% of the variation in dry-matter content, 17–30%
of the starch content, and 17–35% of β-carotene content. To the best of our knowledge, this research presents the only QTL
mapping study published to date for dry-matter, starch, and β-carotene content in sweetpotato. This work improves our understanding
of the inheritance of these important traits in sweetpotato, and represents a first step toward the long-term goal of developing
marker-assisted breeding tools to facilitate sweetpotato breeding efforts. 相似文献
9.
Pilar Bazaga 《Molecular ecology》2014,23(20):4926-4938
The ecological significance of epigenetic variation has been generally inferred from studies on model plants under artificial conditions, but the importance of epigenetic differences between individuals as a source of intraspecific diversity in natural plant populations remains essentially unknown. This study investigates the relationship between epigenetic variation and functional plant diversity by conducting epigenetic (methylation‐sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphisms, MSAP) and genetic (amplified fragment length polymorphisms, AFLP) marker–trait association analyses for 20 whole‐plant, leaf and regenerative functional traits in a large sample of wild‐growing plants of the perennial herb Helleborus foetidus from ten sampling sites in south‐eastern Spain. Plants differed widely in functional characteristics, and exhibited greater epigenetic than genetic diversity, as shown by per cent polymorphism of MSAP fragments (92%) or markers (69%) greatly exceeding that for AFLP ones (41%). After controlling for genetic structuring and possible cryptic relatedness, every functional trait considered exhibited a significant association with at least one AFLP or MSAP marker. A total of 27 MSAP (13.0% of total) and 12 AFLP (4.4%) markers were involved in significant associations, which explained on average 8.2% and 8.0% of trait variance, respectively. Individual MSAP markers were more likely to be associated with functional traits than AFLP markers. Between‐site differences in multivariate functional diversity were directly related to variation in multilocus epigenetic diversity after multilocus genetic diversity was statistically accounted for. Results suggest that epigenetic variation can be an important source of intraspecific functional diversity in H. foetidus, possibly endowing this species with the capacity to exploit a broad range of ecological conditions despite its modest genetic diversity. 相似文献
10.
Shashi Kant Singh Manoj K. Rai Pooja Asthana L. Sahoo 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(4):693-698
An efficient and improved in vitro propagation system for Spilanthes acmella L. using transverse thin cell layer (tTCL) culture system was established. The frequency of shoot regeneration from tTCL
nodal segments was affected by concentrations of plant growth regulators and orientation of the explant. MS (Murashige and
Skoog in Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) medium with 5.0 mg dm−3 BAP was optimal for shoot regeneration. Upon this medium, the explant inoculated in the upright orientation exhibited a high
frequency of shoot regeneration (about 97%), and the highest number of shoots (31.5) per explant. The intact node (1.0–1.5 cm)
cultured on the same medium had significantly lower shoot multiplication ability with only 4.5 shoots per responsive explant.
As compared to BAP alone, the combination of BAP and Kin or NAA did not have positive effects on shoot multiplication from
tTCL nodal segments. Rooting of shoots was achieved on growth regulator free full-strength MS medium. Plantlets were transplanted
into soil with 90–100% survival rate. 相似文献
11.
The association of the two ERCC polymorphisms, Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln, with lung cancer risk remains controversial and inconclusive.
To better evaluate the potential role of the two polymorphisms and interaction with tobacco smoking in lung cancer susceptibility
presented in diverse populations, we have conducted a meta-analysis based on 26 studies from 24 publications which included
analyses of Asp312Asn (7121 cases, 8962 controls) and Lys751Gln (8396 cases, 10510 controls) polymorphisms. Overall, significantly
elevated lung cancer risk was associated with ERCC2 312Asn allele(homozygous model: OR = 1.20[1.05–1.36], P = 0.006; recessive model: OR = 1.20[1.06–1.35], P = 0.004) and 751Gln allele(homozygous model: OR = 1.31[1.17–1.46], P < 0.00001; heterozygous model: OR = 1.11[1.04–1.19], P = 0.003; recessive model: OR = 1.23[1.11–1.37], P < 0.0001; dominant model: OR = 1.15[1.08–1.23], P < 0.0001). In ethnic subgroup analyses, significantly increased risk was associated with ERCC2 312Asn allele for both Caucasians
and Asians, and 751Gln allele for both Caucasians and Latino-Americans. When stratified by smoking status, significantly elevated
risk of both polymorphisms for never-smokers was detected (dominant model, OR = 1.46[1.09–1.95] and 1.57[1.19–2.08], P = 0.01 and 0.002, respectively). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that the two ERCC2 polymorphisms may contribute
to lung cancer susceptibility serving as low-penetrance risk factors. Extremely large-scale evidence would be necessary to
confirm the effects on ethnically specific populations and gene-environment interactions. 相似文献
12.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is multifactorial disease which occurs as a result of the interaction of genetic and environmental
factors. Obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified
several genes associated with obesity in Europeans. We wondered whether these genetic variants were associated with CAD. Three
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs7561317 near TMEM18, rs7138803 near BCDIN3D/FAIM2 and rs12970134 near MC4R were examined in 930 Han Chinese subjects based on coronary angiography, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by
restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. There were no significant differences in genotypes and allele distributions
of three SNPs between CAD and CAD-free groups. The AA genotype of SNP rs12970134 near MC4R was associated to obesity both in CAD group and CAD-free group in Han Chinese population (P < 0.001, OR = 2.96, 95% CI 2.01–3.73; and P = 0.003, OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.86–3.19, respectively). Our observations suggest that the polymorphism rs12970134 near MC4R may be associated to the risk of obesity in Han Chinese population. 相似文献
13.
The growth of black walnut shoot cultures was compared on media differing in nutrient formulation (MS, DKW, WPM, and 1/2X
DKW), cytokinin type (ZEA, BA, and TDZ), and cytokinin concentration. On WPM and 1/2X DKW media, hyperhydricity was observed
at frequencies of 60–100% compared with frequencies of 10–40% on the high-salt media (DKW and MS). All three cytokinins facilitated
shoot regeneration from nodal cuttings, but recurrent elongation was only observed for BA (5–12.5 μM) and ZEA (5–25 μM) with
mean shoot heights of 70–80 mm being possible after two culture periods (6–8 wk) for the fastest elongating lines. ZEA was
effective across all six shoot lines with mean shoot heights of at least 35 mm over two culture periods, but two of the shoot
lines were ‘nonresponsive’ to BA with mean shoot heights of <15 mm. In contrast, when shoot tip explants were used for culture
multiplication, ZEA was the least effective cytokinin with proliferation frequencies of only 30–40%. The proliferation frequencies
were twice as great (75–87%) for TDZ (0.05–0.1 μM), but most of the shoots regenerated were swollen or fasciated in morphology.
High rates of proliferation (61–88%) were also possible using BA (12.5–25 μM), but axillary shoots did not elongate well,
growing to heights of only 5–10 mm, on average, after 4–5 wk. Since the cytokinin types and concentrations required for high-frequency
(>50%) axillary proliferation had adverse effects on the morphology and growth potential of the shoots, multiplication strategies
based on the use of nodal cuttings are recommended. 相似文献
14.
Thus far only a limited number of studies examined the association between endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) polymorphisms
and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). In this report, two polymorphisms in the eNOS gene have been investigated, namely
the 894G>T (Glu298Asp) and a 27 bp VNTR (4b/4a), to assess their possible relationships to PDR among Slovenian (Caucasians)
type 2 diabetic patients. This cross-sectional case–control study enrolled 577 unrelated Slovenian subjects (Caucasians) with
type 2 diabetes mellitus. The case group consisted of 172 patients with PDR and the control group had 405 patients who had
no clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) but did have type 2 diabetes for more than 10 years’ duration. Genotyping of
eNOS polymorphisms was carried out with conventional and real-time PCR assays. A significantly higher frequency of the eNOS
minor “4a” allele was found in patients with PDR than in controls (23.6 versus 17.7%, p = 0.01). Moreover, the univariate analysis showed a significant association of the 27 bp VNTR 4a/4a genotype and PDR in the
recessive model. The odds ratio (OR) of PDR for the 4a/4a genotype to 4b/4a plus 4b/4b was 2.9 (95% CI 1.3–6.2, p = 0.005). Further, the presence of 4a/a genotype was associated with a 3.4-fold (95% CI 1.4–8.6, p = 0.009) increased risk for PDR while adjusted for other risk factors. This is the first study to implicate eNOS 4a/4a homozygous
deletion, and hence the “4a” allele, as the genetic risk factors for PDR in Caucasians. 相似文献
15.
Lim Fung Liang Chan Lai Keng Boey Peng Lim 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2006,42(6):538-542
Summary Cell suspension cultures of Orthosiphon stamineus were established from friable calluses produced from leaf pieces of in vitro plantlets that were derived from nodal segments of the mother plants collected from three different geographical locations.
Eight lines were eventually selected after seven subculture cycles based on the growth characteristic (plant height) of the
plantlets from the three locations: two fast-growing lines (>5.1 cm tall), three intermediate-growing lines (3.1–5.0 cm tall),
and three slow-growing lines (<3.0 cm tall). All eight lines grew well in liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with
4.5 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 5.4 μM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). All cell lines exhibited the same growth pattern but produced different maximum cell biomass
when cultured in this medium. The time of harvesting the plant cells from the culture medium and the geographical source of
the original plant material were both found to affect the production of rosmarinic acid (RA) in cell cultures. Two cell lines
were successfully selected and identified to produce high amounts of RA. These cell lines were a fast-growing cell line from
Air Itam, Penang and an intermediate-growing cell line from Relau Agriculture Research Centre, Penang which could produce
5% [(w/w) dry weight] and 4.5% [(w/w) dry weight] of RA, respectively. 相似文献
16.
Five independent tobacco regenerant clones obtained after transformation withAgrobdcterium rhizogenes strain TR101 (four clones of the T phenotype, clone 5 a mixture of plants of the T and T′ phenotypes) and untransformed plants
cultivatedin vitro were gradually acclimated to the atmosphere and transferred to the soil substrate in pots. During 28 d after transplanting
the increase of the leaf area was in T phenotype plants greater than in untransformed plants, but 14 d later no significant
differences were observed between T phenotype and untransformed plants in leaf area and dry matter. T′phenotype plants, however,
had significantly lower values in all growth parameters than T phenotype and control plants. Abaxial net photosynthetic CO2 uptake (PN) was in both T (clones 1–4) and T′ plants significantly lower than that in control and clone 5T plants. Nevertheless,
due to the relatively higher adaxial PN in T plants, the total PN through both leaf surfaces was significantly lower only
in clone 4 and clone 5′ plants. The tendency to higher transpiration rates (E) in clones 1 – 4 in comparison with the control
resulted in significant differences in water use efficiency (W.U.E.). Relatively higher E in T plants of clones 1 – 4 was
connected most probably with their more developed root system (greater root dry-matter) than in untransformed plants, because
no influence of the differences in stornata density on E was found. 相似文献
17.
Ahmed W Malik M Saeed I Khan AA Sadeque A Kaleem U Ahmed N Ajmal M Azam M Qamar R 《Molecular biology reports》2011,38(4):2541-2548
A case–control association study on 229 Myocardial Infarction (MI) patients and 217 healthy controls was carried out to determine
the role of tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) (Alu-repeat insertion (I)/deletion (D)) and plasminogen activator inhibitor
(PAI-1) (4G/5G insertion/deletion) polymorphisms with MI in the Pakistani population. In MI patients the genotype distribution
of the PAI-1 gene was not found to be different when compared with the unaffected controls (P > 0.05, χ2 = 1.03). The risk allele 4G was also not associated with MI (P > 0.05, χ2 = 0.46, odds ratio (OR) = 1.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.84–1.43), P > 0.05). Similarly, the genotype frequencies of t-PA I/I, I/D and D/D were not different from the unaffected controls (P > 0.05, χ2 = 1.60), and the risk allele “I” was not found to be associated with MI (P > 0.05, χ2 = 1.35, OR = 0.86 (95% CI = 0.66–1.11), P > 0.05). However, when the data were distributed along the lines of gender a significant association of the 4G/4G PAI-1 genotype
was observed with only the female MI patients (P < 0.05, z-test = 2.21). When the combined genotypes of both the polymorphisms were analyzed, a significant association of
MI was observed with the homozygous DD/4G4G genotype (P < 0.01, z-test = 2.61), which was specifically because of the female samples (P = 0.01, z-test = 2.53). In addition smoking (P < 0.001, χ2 = 13.52, OR = 3.45 (95% CI = 1.77–6.94)), diabetes (P < 0.001, χ2 = 22.45, OR = 8.89 (95% CI = 2.96–29.95)), hypertension (OR = 7.76 (95% CI = 2.88–22.68), P < 0.001) family history (P < 0.001, χ2 = 13.72, OR = 3.7 (95% CI = 1.71–8.18)) and lower HDL levels (P < 0.05) were found to be significantly associated with the disease. In conclusion the PAI-1 gene polymorphism was found to
have a gender specific role in the female MI patients. 相似文献
18.
Published data on the association between β1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) risk are inconclusive. To derive a more
precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. A total of 12 case–control studies including 2642 cases
and 3136 controls provided data on the association between β1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to IDCM. Overall, no significantly elevated risk was associated
with Arg389Gly polymorphisms for all genetic models. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, no statistically increased risk
was found for Gly389Gly versus Arg389Arg (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.54–0.99; P
h = 0.35) and Gly389Gly versus Arg389Arg + Arg389Gly (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.55–1.01; P
h = 0.52) among Europeans. Meanwhile, significantly increased risk was found among Asians based on the relatively small sample
size. Further, significantly elevated IDCM risk was associated with Ser49Gly polymorphisms for all genetic models. When stratified
by ethnicity, statistical association was found among Asians for Gly49Gly versus Ser49Ser (OR 4.56; 95% CI 1.36–15.23; P
h = 0.10) and Gly49Gly versus Ser49Ser + Ser49Gly (OR 4.49; 95% CI 1.33–15.15; P
h = 0.12), but not among Europeans. In summary, this meta-analysis suggests that no statistically increased risk was found
between β1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to IDCM among Europeans. 相似文献
19.
M. Marchlewicz I. Baranowska-Bosiacka A. Kolasa A. Kondarewicz D. Chlubek B. Wiszniewska 《Biometals》2009,22(6):877-887
Adult male Wistar rats were intoxicated with 1% lead acetate (PbAc) administered in drinking water for nine months, which
amounts to a period five times longer than the duration of one spermatogenesis. There were mitochondrial ultrastructure disorders
of epididymal epithelial cells observed in PbAc-treated rats; also a significant lead-induced decrease in ATP concentration
in epididymal epithelial cells (by 32%, P < 0.05), Adenylate Energy Charge value (AEC) (by 8%, P < 0.05) and an increase in ADP (28.5%, P < 0.05), AMP (27%, P < 0.05) and adenosine (by 56%, P < 0.05). The results were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and detected even at low lead concentrations
in whole blood (M:7.03 μg/dL; Q1–Q3: 2.99–7.65). The function of mitochondria in cultured epididymal epithelial cells of control
and PbAc-treated animals were evaluated using fluorophores: Mitotracker Green FM and JC-1. After incubation with Mitotracker
Green FM, we observed active mitochondria producing bright green fluorescence in the cytoplasm of cultured epididymal epithelial
cells, both in the control group and the Pb-treated animals. Incubation of cultured epididymal epithelial cells of animals
from both groups produced red-orange fluorescence with the mitochondrial JC-1 probe indicating mitochondria with high membrane
potential (ΔΨm > 80–100 mV) and green fluorescence in the mitochondria with low membrane potential (ΔΨm <80 mV). The results
showed that a chronic low-level exposure to lead, even without severe clinical symptoms of contamination, disrupted the ultrastructure
and energy metabolism of mitochondria in epididymal epithelial cells. 相似文献
20.
Pyrosequencing Reveals a Highly Diverse and Cultivar-Specific Bacterial Endophyte Community in Potato Roots 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Daniel K. Manter Jorge A. Delgado David G. Holm Rachel A. Stong 《Microbial ecology》2010,60(1):157-166
In this study, we examined the bacterial endophyte community of potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivar/clones using two different molecular-based techniques (bacterial automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis
(B-ARISA) and pyrosequencing). B-ARISA profiles revealed a significant difference in the endophytic community between cultivars
(perMANOVA, p < 0.001), and canonical correspondence analysis showed a significant correlation between the community structure and plant
biomass (p = 0.001). Pyrosequencing detected, on average, 477 ± 71 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs, 97% genetic similarity)
residing within the roots of each cultivar, with a Chao estimated total OTU richness of 1,265 ± 313. Across all cultivars,
a total of 238 known genera from 15 phyla were identified. Interestingly, five of the ten most common genera (Rheinheimera, Dyadobacter, Devosia, Pedobacter, and Pseudoxanthomonas) have not, to our knowledge, been previously reported as endophytes of potato. Like the B-ARISA analysis, the endophytic
communities differed between cultivar/clones (∫-libshuff, p < 0.001) and exhibited low similarities on both a presence/absence (0.145 ± 0.019) and abundance (0.420 ± 0.081) basis. Seventeen
OTUs showed a strong positive (r > 0.600) or negative (r < −0.600) correlation with plant biomass, suggesting a possible link between plant production and endophyte abundance. This
study represents one of the most comprehensive assessments of the bacterial endophytic communities to date, and similar analyses
in other plant species, cultivars, or tissues could be utilized to further elucidate the potential contribution(s) of endophytic
communities to plant physiology and production. 相似文献