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R. Grumet E. Kabelka S. McQueen T. Wai R. Humphrey 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(3):463-472
At least three sources of resistance to the watermelon strain of Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W) have been identified in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) including: ’TMG-1’, an inbred line derived from the Taiwanese cultivar, ’Taichung Mou Gua’; ’Dina-1’, an inbred line
derived from the Dutch hybrid ’Dina’; and the South American cultivar ’Surinam’. In this investigation we sought to determine
the inheritance of resistance to PRSV-W in ’Dina-1’, the allelic relationships among the three sources of PRSV-W resistance,
and the relationship between PRSV-W resistance and known resistances to other cucurbit potyviruses. Like ’Surinam’ and ’TMG-1’,
resistance in ’Dina-1’ is controlled by a single gene. Despite differences in dominance vs recessive performance and patterns
of virus accumulation, all three sources of resistance complemented each other. ’TMG-1’ and ’Dina-1’ also possess co-segregating,
single-gene resistances to Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Watermelon mosaic virus and Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus. Sequential inoculations and F3 family analysis indicated that resistance to PRSV-W completely co- segregated with resistance to ZYMV in ’TMG-1’. Although
PRSV-W resistances are at the same locus in both ’TMG-1’ and ’Surinam’, ’Surinam’ is only resistant to PRSV-W, and progeny
of ’TMG-1’×’Surinam’ were resistant to PRSV-W but susceptible to ZYMV. Susceptibility to ZYMV and resistance to PRSV-W in
’Surinam’ was not influenced by co-inoculation or sequential in- oculations of the two viruses. Collectively, the co- segregation
of resistances to PRSV-W, ZYMV, WMV and MWMV in ’TMG-1’ (within 1 cM), allelism of PRSV-W resistances in ’TMG-1’ and ’Surinam’,
and resistance to only PRSV-W in ’Surinam’, suggest that multiple potyvirus resistance in cucumber may be due to different
alleles of a single potyvirus resistance gene with differing viral specificities, or that the multiple resistances are conferred
by a tightly linked cluster of resistance genes, of which ’Surinam’ only possesses one member.
Received: 22 July 1999 / Accepted: 2 December 1999 相似文献
3.
Ying-Chih Huang Chu-Hui Chiang Chin-Mei Li Tsong-Ann Yu 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,106(1):21-29
Viral diseases are very detrimental to watermelon production. Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV) is a major limiting factor for the production of watermelon and other cucurbit fruits. There are no effective natural
sources of resistance to WSMoV, making transgenic resistance an appropriate solution for attenuating virus infection. Hyperhydricity
is an important problem in watermelon culture in vitro, resulting from lower multiplication rates, poor quality shoots and
tissue necrosis. In this study, we report an Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transfer protocol for commercial watermelon cultivars expressing the nucleocapsid (N) gene of WSMoV and
a suitable approach to overcome hyperhydricity in watermelon culture in vitro. Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts containing Schenk
and Hildebrandt (SH) vitamins + 50 mg l−1 thiamine HCl could diminish the hyperhydric phenotype. The proximal halves of cotyledons from 3-day-old seedlings were cut
into 1.5 × 1.5 mm segments as explants. Four days after co-cultivation, the explants were transferred to a selection medium
for shoot regeneration. The putative transgenic shoots developed within 6 weeks of culture and were then transferred to stringent
medium for 8 weeks to eliminate ‘escape type’ shoots. Fifty putative transgenic watermelon lines were obtained from three
cultivars. PCR and Southern blot analysis confirmed that the foreign gene was incorporated into the genomic DNA of the transgenic
lines. 相似文献
4.
Kai-Shu Ling Karen R. Harris Jenelle D. F. Meyer Amnon Levi Nihat Guner Todd C. Wehner Abdelhafid Bendahmane Michael J. Havey 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,120(1):191-200
Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is one of the most economically important potyviruses infecting cucurbit crops worldwide. Using a candidate gene approach,
we cloned and sequenced eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E gene segments in watermelon. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences between the
ZYMV-resistant watermelon plant introduction PI 595203 (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) and the ZYMV-susceptible watermelon cultivar ‘New Hampshire Midget’ (‘NHM’) showed the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs). Initial analysis of the identified SNPs in association studies indicated that SNPs in the eIF4E, but not eIF(iso)4E,
were closely associated to the phenotype of ZYMV-resistance in 70 F2 and 114 BC1R progenies. Subsequently, we focused our efforts in obtaining the entire genomic sequence of watermelon eIF4E. Three SNPs
were identified between PI 595203 and NHM. One of the SNPs (A241C) was in exon 1 and the other two SNPs (C309A and T554G)
were in the first intron of the gene. SNP241 which resulted in an amino acid substitution (proline to threonine) was shown
to be located in the critical cap recognition and binding area, similar to that of several plant species resistance to potyviruses.
Analysis of a cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (CAPS) marker derived from this SNP in F2 and BC1R populations demonstrated a cosegregation between the CAPS-2 marker and their ZYMV resistance or susceptibility phenotype.
When we investigated whether such SNP mutation in the eIF4E was also conserved in several other PIs of C. lanatus var. citroides, we identified a different SNP (A171G) resulting in another amino acid substitution (D71G) from four ZYMV-resistant C. lanatus var. citroides (PI 244018, PI 482261, PI 482299, and PI 482322). Additional CAPS markers were also identified. Availability of all these
CAPS markers will enable marker-aided breeding of watermelon for ZYMV resistance. 相似文献
5.
Multiple alleles for zucchini yellow mosaic virus resistance at the zym locus in cucumber 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
E. Kabelka Z. Ullah R. Grumet 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):997-1004
Sources of resistance to several potyviruses have been identified and characterized within the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) germplasm. Resistance to zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is present in inbred lines derived from the Dutch hybrid
Dina (Dina-1) and from the Chinese cultivar ‘Taichung Mou Gua’ (TMG-1). Tests of allelism indicated that the genes for resistance
to ZYMV in TMG-1 and Dina-1 are at the same locus; however, the two genotypes exhibited different phenotypes in response to
cotyledon inoculation with ZYMV. Dina-1 exhibited a distinct veinal chlorosis and accumulation of virus limited to the first
and/or second true leaves, while TMG-1 remained symptom-free and did not accumulate virus. The distinct veinal chlorosis phenotype
in Dina-1 was dominant to the symptom-free phenotype in TMG-1 and was shown not to be due to a separate gene. These results
indicate that a series of alleles differing in effectiveness and dominance relationships occurs at the zym locus such that Zym>zym
Dina>zym
TMG-1. In addition to ZYMV resistance, TMG-1 is also resistant to watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), the watermelon strain of papaya
ringspot virus (PRSV-W) and the Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus (MWMV); the WMV and MWMV resistances are at the same locus,
or tightly linked to the zym locus. Dina-1 also was found to be resistant to PRSV-W and MWMV. The gene for MWMV resistance in Dina-1 appeared to be at
the same locus or tightly linked (<1% recombination) to the gene for ZYMV resistance. In contrast to the response to ZYMV
inoculation, Dina-1 does not exhibit distinct veinal chlorosis when inoculated with PRSV-W or MWMV. Collectively, these observations
suggest that the gene(s) conferring resistance to ZYMV, WMV, and MWMV may be part of a gene cluster for potyvirus resistance
in cucumber.
Received: 12 November 1996 / Accepted: 25 April 1997 相似文献
6.
Incidence of Viruses Infecting Cucurbits in Cyprus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L. C. Papayiannis N. Ioannou I. N. Boubourakas C. I. Dovas N. I. Katis B. W. Falk 《Journal of Phytopathology》2005,153(9):530-535
7.
K. Datta R. Velazhahan N. Oliva I. Ona T. Mew G. S. Khush S. Muthukrishnan S. K. Datta 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(6-7):1138-1145
A 1.1-kb DNA fragment containing the coding region of a thaumatin-like protein (TLP-D34), a member of the PR-5 group, was
cloned into the rice transformation vector pGL2, under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter. The Indica rice cultivars, ‘Chinsurah
Boro II’, ‘IR72’, and ‘IR51500’ were transformed with the tlp gene construct by PEG-mediated direct gene transfer to protoplasts and by biolistic transformation using immature embryos.
The presence of the chimeric gene in T0, T1, and T2 transgenic plants was detected by Southern blot analysis. The presence of the expected 23-kDa TLP in transgenic plants was
confirmed by Western blot analysis and by staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue. Bioassays of transgenic plants challenged
with the sheath blight pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani, indicated that over-expression of TLP resulted in enhanced resistance compared to control plants.
Received: 11 August 1998 / Accepted: 26 August 1998 相似文献
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Exogenously applied dsRNA molecules deriving from the Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) genome move systemically and protect cucurbits against ZYMV
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Athanasios Kaldis Margarita Berbati Ourania Melita Chrysavgi Reppa Maria Holeva Patricia Otten Andreas Voloudakis 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2018,19(4):883-895
11.
H. Barker 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(8):1258-1262
Extreme resistance to the potato V potyvirus (PVV) was found in four potato cultivars that contain Ry genes from Solanum stoloniferum. When plants of these cultivars, were inoculated by grafting in shoot tips from PVV-infected tomato plants, necrotic symptoms
developed in some cultivars, although a full hypersensitive reaction was not elicited, while other cultivars were symptomless.
PVV replication was not detected in any of the inoculated plants by ELISA, an infectivity assay of leaf extracts by manual
inoculation to Nicotiana benthamiana indicator plants, or by ‘return grafting’ of shoot tips taken from newly developed shoots of the potato plants to virus-free
indicator plants of tomato. These methods readily detected PVV infection in inoculated plants of cv ‘Flourball’, which does
not contain an Ry gene and is susceptible, and in cvs ‘Maris Piper’ and ‘Dr Macintosh’, which contain gene Nv conditioning a hypersensitive reaction to inoculation. One of the Ry-containing cultivars, ‘Barbara’, has been previously shown to contain two genes that control extreme resistance, defined
as no viral replication in intact plants, to the potyviruses potato viruses Y and A (PVY and PVA). These genes are: Ry
sto
, which conditions resistance to PVY and PVA, and gene Ra, which conditions resistance to PVA only. It was found that in genotypes from a progeny of the cross ‘Barbara’ (Ry
sto
/Ra)בFlourball’ (ry/ra), extreme resistance to PVV segregated with gene Ry
sto
. It is proposed that either gene Ry
sto
conditions broad-spectrum extreme resistance to the distinct potyviruses PVY, PVA, and PVV or that Ry
sto
represents a family of genetically closely linked genes each controlling resistance to a specific virus.
Received: 27 December 1996 / Accepted: 9 June 1997 相似文献
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M. V. Ramana Rao K. S. Behera N. Baisakh S. K. Datta G. J. N. Rao 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,99(3):277-285
Transgenic rice was developed from ‘Swarna’, the most popular indica rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L.) in South East Asia, with a potato chymotrypsin inhibitor gene (pin2) through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Four out of nine primary transgenic plants had a single-copy T-DNA insertion while other five plants
had two copies. Mendelian pattern of inheritance of the transgene (pin2) was observed in the T1 generation progeny plants. Whole plant bioassays conducted at both vegetative and reproductive stages and cut stem assays
showed enhanced levels of resistance of transgenic rice against yellow stem borer. The transgenic rice lines with plant derived
proteinase inhibitor genes would develop into resistant cultivars to fit into resistance breeding strategies as an important
component of integrated pest management in rice. 相似文献
14.
P. Bettini E. Cosi M. G. Pellegrini L. Turbanti G. Vendramin M. Buiatti 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(4):575-583
Previous work carried out in our laboratory has shown that, in tomato, the alteration of endogenous phytohormone equilibria
through the integration of Agrobacterium tumefaciens genes for auxin and cytokinin synthesis can modify the active defense response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The susceptible cv ‘Red River’ acquires a stable competence for active defense, particularly when the phytohormone equilibrium
is altered in favour of cytokinins. Here, we analyse the expression of genes involved in the defense response against pathogens,
i.e. pathogenesis-related (PR)-protein genes, in the susceptible ‘Red River’ and resistant ‘Davis’ cultivars transgenic for
the aforementioned genes. Fungal cell-wall components, glutathione, salicylic acid and the ethylene-forming ethephon are used
as “probes” for the induction of defense processes, including ethylene production. The data obtained show that the extracellular
PR-proteins (acidic chitinase and PR-1 protein) that were inducible in the control tissue of the resistant ‘Davis’ cultivar
and not expressed in the susceptible ‘Red River’ cultivar became constitutive in the transgenic tissues of both. On the other
hand, expression of the intracellular PR-proteins (basic chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase) was found to be constitutive in all
cases, both in the control and in the transgenic cell lines of the resistant and the susceptible tomato cultivars. Ethylene
production was higher in ‘Davis’ than in ‘Red River’, and significantly increased in the transgenic cell lines, particularly
when cytokinin synthesis was altered.
Received: 25 February 1998 / Accepted: 7 April 1998 相似文献
15.
Dragan Perovic Jutta Förster Pierre Devaux Djabbar Hariri Morgane Guilleroux Kostya Kanyuka Rebecca Lyons Jens Weyen David Feuerhelm Ute Kastirr Pierre Sourdille Marion Röder Frank Ordon 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2009,23(4):641-653
Monogenically-inherited resistance to Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus (SBCMV) in hexaploid bread wheat cultivars ‘Tremie’ and ‘Claire’ was mapped on chromosome 5D. The two closest flanking markers
identified in the Claire-derived mapping population, Xgwm469-5D and E37M49, are linked to the resistance locus at distances of 1 and 9 cm, respectively. Xgwm469-5D co-segregated with the SBCMV resistance in the Tremie-derived population and with the recently identified Sbm1 locus in the cv. Cadenza. This suggested that Tremie and Claire carry a resistance gene allelic to Sbm1, or one closely linked to it. The diagnostic value of Xgwm469-5D was assessed using a collection of SBCMV resistant and susceptible cultivars. Importantly, all susceptible genotypes carried
a null allele of Xgwm469-5D, whereas resistant genotypes presumably related to either Claire and Tremie or Cadenza revealed a 152 or 154 bp allele of
Xgwm469-5D, respectively. Therefore, Xgwm469-5D is well suited for marker assisted selection for SBCMV resistance. 相似文献
16.
Uttam Kumar Arun K. Joshi Sundeep Kumar Ramesh Chand Marion S. Röder 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,118(4):783-792
Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a destructive disease of wheat in warm and humid wheat growing regions of the world. The development of disease resistant
cultivars is considered as the most effective control strategy for spot blotch. An intervarietal mapping population in the
form of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from a cross ‘Yangmai 6’ (a Chinese source of resistance) × ‘Sonalika’
(a spot blotch susceptible cultivar). The 139 single seed descent (SSD) derived F6, F7, F8 lines of ‘Yangmai 6’ × ‘Sonalika’ were evaluated for resistance to spot blotch in three blocks in each of the 3 years. Joint
and/or single year analysis by composite interval mapping (CIM) and likelihood of odd ratio (LOD) >2.2, identified four quantitative
trait loci (QTL) on the chromosomes 2AL, 2BS, 5BL and 6DL. These QTLs were designated as QSb.bhu-2A, QSb.bhu-2B, QSb.bhu-5B and QSb.bhu-6D, respectively. A total of 63.10% of phenotypic variation was explained by these QTLs based on the mean over years. Two QTLs
on chromosomes 2B and 5B with major effects were consistent over 3 years. All QTL alleles for resistance were derived from
the resistant parent ‘Yangmai 6’. 相似文献
17.
Alécio Souza Moreira Armando Bergamin Filho Jorge Alberto Marques Rezende 《Journal of Phytopathology》2015,163(5):386-394
Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Papaya ringspot virus – type W (PRSV‐W) and Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus (ZLCV) cause important diseases on zucchini squash crops in Brazil. ZYMV and PRSV‐W belong to the genus Potyvirus and are transmitted by aphids, whereas ZLCV belongs to Tospovirus and is transmitted by the thrips Frankliniella zucchini. These three viruses may occur simultaneously in the field, and the epidemiology of the corresponding diseases may be determined by interactions among viruses, hosts and vectors. In this work, the progress of the diseases caused by these viruses was studied over a temporal and geographic range for three planting seasons (PS). For the lethal chlorosis (ZLCV), a monomolecular model was found to be the best fit for the data, though only during the third PS. For data collected during the first two PS, the Gompertz model was found to fit the data best. The spatial distribution of disease indicated disease aggregation at the end of the crop cycle. For the yellow mosaic (ZYMV), the model that best fit in the 1st PS was the logistic and in the 2nd and 3rd PS was monomolecular. The spatial pattern of the disease was random when the disease incidence was low but aggregated when the disease incidence was high. The common mosaic (PRSV‐W) showed the lowest incidence in all three PS. An exponential model was the best fit for data collected during all PS, and the spatial pattern of the disease was random. Interactions among the three viruses apparently did not result in changes in the epidemiology of the diseases. Removal of sources of inoculum and planting at an unfavourable time for reproduction of virus vectors are the two main measures recommended for the control of these diseases. The use of insecticide is indicated only for the control of the F. zucchini. 相似文献
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Relative incidence,spatial distribution and genetic diversity of cucurbit viruses in eastern Spain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. Juarez P. Legua C.M. Mengual M.A. Kassem R.N. Sempere P. Gómez V. Truniger M.A. Aranda 《The Annals of applied biology》2013,162(3):362-370
Viral diseases that could cause important economic losses often affect cucurbits, but only limited information on the incidence and spatial distribution of specific viruses is currently available. During the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons, systematic surveys were carried out in open field melon (Cucumis melo), squash and pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) crops of the Spanish Community of Valencia (eastern Spain), where several counties have a long standing tradition of cucurbit cultivation and production. Surveyed fields were chosen with no previous information as to their sanitation status, and samples were taken from plants that showed virus‐like symptoms. Samples were analysed using molecular hybridisation to detect Beet pseudo‐yellows virus (BPYV), Cucurbit aphid‐borne yellows virus (CABYV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV), Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV), Papaya ring spot virus (PRSV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). We collected 1767 samples from 122 independent field plots; out of these, approximately 94% of the samples were infected by at least one of these viruses. Percentages for the more frequently detected viruses were 35.8%, 27.0%, 16.5% and 7.2% for CABYV, WMV, PRSV and ZYMV, respectively, and significant deviations were found on the frequency distributions based on either the area or the host sampled. The number of multiple infections was high (average 36%), particularly for squash (more than 57%), with the most frequent combination being WMV + PRSV (12%) followed by WMV + CABYV (10%). Sequencing of WMV complementary DNA suggested that ‘emerging’ isolates have replaced the ‘classic’ ones, as described in southern regions of France, leading us to believe that cucurbit cultivation could be severely affected by these new, emerging isolates. 相似文献
19.
T. Wai R. Grumet 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,91(4):699-706
The inbred cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) line TMG-1 is resistant to three potyviruses:zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), and the watermelon strain of papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-W). The genetics of resistance to WMV and the relationship of WMV resistance to ZYMV resistance were examined. TMG-1 was crossed with WI-2757, a susceptible inbred line. F1, F2 and backcross progeny populations were screened for resistance to WMV and/or ZYMV. Two independently assorting factors conferred resistance to WMV. One resistance was conferred by a single recessive gene from TMG-1 (wmv-2). The second resistance was conferred by an epistatic interaction between a second recessive gene from TMG-1 (wmv-3) and either a dominant gene from WI-2757 (Wmv-4) or a third recessive gene from TMG-1 (wmv-4) located 20–30 cM from wmv-3. The two resistances exhibited tissue-specific expression. Resistance conferred by wmv-2 was expressed in the cotyledons and throughout the plant. Resistance conferred by wmv-3 + Wmv-4 (or wmv-4) was expressed only in true leaves. The gene conferring resistance to ZYMV appeared to be the same as, or tightly linked to one of the WMV resistance genes, wmv-3. 相似文献
20.
Ewa Hanus-Fajerska Maria Lech Anna Pindel Kazimierz Miczyński 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2000,22(3):317-324
Protocols elaborated with the objective of achieving valuable material for selection procedure of variants with virusresistance
traits in tomato genotypes are presented. Preliminary results are demonstrated in the domain of testing for variability in
somaclones obtained through indirect adventitous organogenesis initiated on leaf explants of cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Somaclones were grown in greenhouse conditions and variation of their symptoms upon infection with tomato mosaic
(ToMV) or cucumber mosaic (CMV) respectively was observed. Tests for resistance to the local isolates of the above cited viruses
were performed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and back inoculation onto diagnostic plants. Screening data are presented.
Desirable variants were selected from cultivars ‘Moneymaker’, ‘Potentat’ and ‘Rutgers’. Some of the ‘Moneymaker’ somaclones
exhibited increased tolerance to cucumber mosaic virus, a few seemed to be even fully resistant though most were susceptible
as donor plants. The most favourable somaclonal lines are actually further tested and monitored for changes in horticultural
characteristics. The described procedure of searching for resistance trait in specific pathogen-free (SPF) plants regenerated
from infected tissue looks promising and thus can serve as aid in attaining appropriate objectives of breeding programme.
Additionaly experiments were initiated to obtain somaclones from cultivars ‘Beta’, ‘Krakus’ and Stevens Rodade hybrid via
regeneration of isolated protoplasts. To this end the callus stage was obtained from all donors. 相似文献