采笋对大熊猫主食竹八月竹竹笋生长的影响

采笋是大熊猫栖息地内一种持续的人类干扰活动。为了评估采笋对大熊猫主食竹竹笋生长发育的影响,2009年7—11月,在四川省洪雅县瓦屋山镇设置实验样方,对比研究了早期采笋、中期采笋、晚期采笋、一直采笋和不采笋5种采笋方式对大熊猫主食竹八月竹竹笋生长和发育的影响。结果表明:1)早期采笋、中期采笋和一直采笋样方的发笋量显著高于不采笋样方(P0.05),其发笋量分别是不采笋的1.53倍,1.57倍和1.62倍;晚期采笋样方发笋量与不采笋样方差异不显著(P0.05)。2)早期采笋使八月竹在发笋早期和发笋中期的发笋量增加,中期采笋仅使八月竹在发笋中期的发笋量增加,而一直采笋使八月竹在整个发笋期的各个阶段的发笋量均显著增加(P0.05)。3)一直采笋样方的幼竹数量、株高均显著低于其他采笋样方,其基径只显著低于不采笋样方(P0.05);早期、中期、晚期采笋和不采笋样方相互间仅幼竹株高差异显著(P0.05)。4)早期、中期和晚期采笋与不采笋样方的发笋总量、退笋总量和采笋总量相互之间均呈显著正相关(P0.05)。建议仅在八月竹发笋中期采笋,同时政府应加大对大熊猫栖息地周边社区经济发展的引导和扶持。     

采后热处理与果实贮藏

介绍了采后热处理与果实贮藏的生理关系、采后热处理方法、常见果品采后热处理的最佳温度和时间,以及采后热处理延缓果实衰老软化可能机制的研究进展。     

小鼠的非手术法采精

用徒手法、假阴道抽吸法和电刺激法进行小鼠非手术法采精探索 ,结果表明 :假阴道抽吸法和电刺激法可采出精子 ,两者采精成功率、平均精子量和精子活率均差异不显著 ;小鼠不同射精阶段的精子含量不同 ,其中精子主要集中在射精的第二阶段和第三阶段 ;假阴道抽吸法和电刺激法对小鼠首次采精后 ,用同样的方法对相应的小鼠重复采精 ,成功率、平均精子量和精子活率与首次采精相比差异均不显著     

动物直肠电刺激采精简报

电刺激采精是一种较为简便又安全的人工采精方法,它对于开展某些动物的人工繁殖、杂交等方面都有一定的意义。我们采用直肠电刺激法,对梅花鹿、马鹿、绵羊、家猫等不同动物,共进行了16次采精试验,效果良好,其精液品质符合输精要求。 一、电刺激采精器 电刺激采精器包括电刺激器和直肠探子两个部分     

乌苏里蝮蛇采毒周期对排毒量的影响

目的探讨乌苏里蝮蛇(Gloydius ussuriensis Emelianov)采毒周期与排毒量的关系。方法将实验的蛇分成6个组,全部采一次毒后分别测定采毒间隔周期为5、10、15、20、25、30天的排毒量;测定5～10月份,周期为30天的排毒量;并测定采毒频次的增加对排毒量、含水率和蝮蛇死亡率的影响及测定体重对排毒量的影响。结果5、6、9、10月份可20天为一个采毒周期,在月平均温度较高的7、8月份,15天为一个采毒周期,排毒量接近或超过该种的平均排毒量11．4mg。结论采毒频次增加其蛇毒的含水率和蛇的死亡率也有所增高。     

氮添加和采脂对湿地松林土壤酶活性及酶化学计量比的影响

大气氮沉降和采脂会引起树木生长和代谢的变化,从而影响土壤养分循环和酶活性.土壤酶和酶化学计量可以揭示土壤碳、氮循环和微生物生长代谢过程的养分限制,但目前亚热带湿地松人工林土壤酶和酶化学计量对氮添加和采脂的响应还不清楚.以亚热带北缘的湿地松人工林为研究对象,设置采脂(resin tapping,RT)和未采脂(no re...     

采前喷钙对黄秋葵采后贮藏品质的影响

以黄秋葵为试验材料,采前使用氯化钙、草酸钙、有机酸螯合钙、丙酸钙对黄秋葵幼果进行喷钙处理,以喷清水为对照,考察采前喷不同形态钙对黄秋葵采后贮藏（4±0.5℃）品质的影响。结果表明：采前喷钙处理能减少黄秋葵采后贮藏期的失重率,降低电导率,抑制其果实脆度、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量及色差a*值的减少,较好保持了黄秋葵采后贮藏期的品质,其中以喷浓度为0.05 mol/L 有机酸螯合钙的效果最好,能较好地在冷藏条件下保持黄秋葵原有的外观和风味。     

一种改进的阴茎电刺激精法和猕猴藏酋猴及熊猴的采精及其精液特征…

本文报道了一种改进的阴茎电刺激采精法,用脱脂棉和铝箔作为电极,以避免直接用金属电极可能对阴茎的损伤,并运用这一方法对猕猴（Ｍａｃａｃａ ｍｕｌａｔｔａ）、藏酋猴（Ｍ．ｔｈｉｂｅｔａｎａ）和熊猴（Ｍ．ａｓｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ）进行了电刺激采精及其精液特征研究。电刺激采精模式为连续刺激和间断刺激方式。在采精过程中没有发生阴茎损伤。对初次接受电刺激采精的动物以间断刺激模式效果较好。猕猴、藏酋猴和熊猴的射精体     

西番莲采后品质劣变及贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

西番莲(Passiflora caerulea)是一种营养丰富的热带亚热带特色水果,采后易发生果实品质劣变现象,是制约采后西番莲果实保鲜期的重要因素。本文就西番莲采后果实褶皱及失重、果皮色泽变化、营养物质含量减少和采后病害发生等品质劣变机理,及其低温、热处理、包装、1-MCP、多糖和化学保鲜剂等西番莲果实采后保鲜技术的国内外相关研究进行综述,以期为维持西番莲果实贮藏品质、延长果实保鲜期提供指导。     

全国果蔬花卉采后生理学术会议简讯

中国植物生理学会于1987年12月11日至15日在厦门召开了全国果蔬花卉采后生理学术会议。出席代表共51人。交流论文32篇。大会报告有:鲜活园艺商品供应中科学技术发展新动向(娄成后)、蔬菜采后生理及贮藏(宗汝静)、切花生理研究概况(张静兰)、热带和亚热带果实采后生理生化(黄维南、吕荣欣)、采后器官呼吸代谢研究进展(刘存     

Embryo and Endosperm Function and Failure inSolanumSpecies and Hybrids

Although the importance of the endosperm as a food store inmany angiosperm seeds is well known, its significance duringearly embryogenesis has been neglected. In many interspecifichybrids, and in some other situations, embryos do not developfully and abort. It has often been stated that this is causedby the endosperm failing to conduct sufficient nutrients tothe embryo, but seldom has it been suggested that the endospermactively controls most of the early stages of morphogenesisof the embryo. Information gleaned from a broad survey of theliterature, combined with additional evidence presented here,obtained fromSolanum incanumand interspecific hybrids, indicatethat the endosperm is dynamic and very active in regulatingearly embryo development. This requires highly integrated geneticcontrol of rapidly changing metabolism in the endosperm. Ininterspecific hybrids, lack of coordination may cause unbalancedproduction of growth regulating substances by the endospermand hence abortion of the embryo, or even unregulated productionof nucleases and proteases resulting firstly in autolysis ofthe endosperm and then digestion of the embryo. The endospermmay thus serve to detect inappropriate hybridization of speciesor ploidy levels and so prevent waste of resources by producingseeds that would result in sterile hybrids or unthrifty subsequentgenerations. This discriminatory function of the endosperm hasdiminished during evolution and domestication of the crop plantSolanummelongenaL.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Solanum, embryo morphogenesis, endosperm, hybrid, seed development.     

HIFs and tumors--causes and consequences

For most organisms oxygen is essential fo life. When oxygen levels drop below those required to maintain the minimum physiological oxygen requirement of an organism or tissue it is termed hypoxia. To counter act possible deleterious effects of such a state, an immediate molecular response is initiated causing adaptation responses aimed at cell survival. This response is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha- and a beta-subunit. HIF-1 alpha protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and therefore confers selectivity to this response. Hypoxia is characteristic of tumors, mainly because of impaired blood supply resulting from abnormal growth. Over the past few years enormous progress has been made in the attempt to understand how the activation of the physiological response to hypoxia influences neoplastic growth. In this review some aspects of HIF-1 pathway activation in tumors and the consequences for pathophysiology and treatment of neoplasia are discussed.     

Pragmatic Women and Body Politics and Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific

Pragmatic Women and Body Politics. Margaret Lock and Patricia A. Kaufert. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xii +364 pp.
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp.     

Morphological and constitutional features and self-esteem in children and adolescents

Studies of human constitution and mental features are traditionally among the main concepts of anthropological research. In this research, we attempted to discover connections between morphological and constitutional features and self-esteem in children and adolescents. Such a connection was discovered in some studied age groups. The obtained results could serve as a basis for further studies in this field.     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。