重庆合川地区晚三叠世须家河组孢粉组合北大核心CSCD

四川盆地南部重庆合川炭坝剖面须家河组中发现丰富的孢粉化石,共计73属150种,其中包括蕨类植物孢子41属89种,裸子植物花粉29属56种,苔藓植物孢子1属3种,藻类化石2属2种。建立一个孢粉组合,命名为Dictyophyllidites-Lunzisporites-Chasmatosporites组合(简称DLC组合),并进一步分为下亚组合和上亚组合。根据孢粉组合内一些重要分子的地质时代延限及与国内外有关孢粉组合的对比,确定其地质时代为晚三叠世晚期,相当于诺利期—瑞替期(Norian—Rhaetian),并且倾向于瑞替期(Rhaetian)。     

重庆合川地区晚三叠世须家河组孢粉组合

四川盆地南部重庆合川炭坝剖面须家河组中发现丰富的孢粉化石,共计73属150种,其中包括蕨类植物孢子41属89种,裸子植物花粉29属56种,苔藓植物孢子1属3种,藻类化石2属2种。建立一个孢粉组合,命名为Dictyophyllidites-Lunzisporites-Chasmatosporites组合(简称DLC组合),并进一步分为下亚组合和上亚组合。根据孢粉组合内一些重要分子的地质时代延限及与国内外有关孢粉组合的对比,确定其地质时代为晚三叠世晚期,相当于诺利期—瑞替期(Norian—Rhaetian),并且倾向于瑞替期(Rhaetian)。     

青海柴达木盆地鄂博梁2号井早侏罗世孢粉植物群及其地层意义

本文系统研究了产自青海柴达木盆地鄂博梁2号井4501-4852．7m层段中的孢粉化石,共计55属96种,其中蕨类植物孢子25属45种,裸子植物花粉28属49种,疑源类2属2种。组成以Cyathidites-Deltoidospora-Piceites-Quadraeculina-Classopollis为特征的孢粉组合。根据组合内一些重要分子的地质时限讨论及与有关孢粉组合的对比,其时代应归为早侏罗世晚期。     

河南南部早白垩世孢粉组合

一、前言本文主要论述了河南南部谭楼组中所发现的孢粉化石。在鉴定过程中共统计了66属90余种,其中包括了一个新种。根据孢子花粉属、种的垂直分布,自上而下可分为两个孢粉组合:上部为Piceaepollenites-Classopollis-Cicatricosisporites组合;下部为Classopollis-Piceaepollenites-Schizaeoisporites组合。根据孢粉组合特征,初步认为其地质时代为早白垩世。     

新疆三塘湖盆地塘浅3井早侏罗世孢粉组合

本文对在新疆三塘湖盆地塘浅3井701－834m层段发现的孢粉植物群进行了系统的分析研究,共获孢粉45属93种（包括1新种）,疑源类化石5属5种及一个未定类型,组成以Osmundacidites-Piceites-Pinuspollenites-Quadraeculina为主的孢粉组合,根据孢粉组合特征,认为其时代应归为早株罗世晚期,对组合中主要孢粉属种可能的母体植物的生长环境进行分析,推测新疆三塘湖地区在早侏罗世晚期为温带－亚热带气候。     

海南乐东洪帽剖面鹿母湾组孢粉组合及其地层意义

作者系统地研究了海南乐东洪帽剖面鹿母湾组孢粉化石,共计26属60种,其中苔藓类植物孢子1属3种,蕨类植物孢子18属30种,裸子植物花粉7属27种,组成以Cicatricosisporites-Schizaeois porites-Ephedripites-Exe-sipollenites为特征的孢粉组合.依据组合中主要分子和重要分子地质时限的讨论以及与相关孢粉组合进行比较,将洪帽剖面鹿母湾组的地质时代归为Aptian期-早Albian期.     

四川宣汉晚三叠世孢粉组合及其古植被与古气候意义

对四川盆地东北缘宣汉七里峡剖面须家河组进行了详细的孢粉学研究,发现丰富的孢粉化石,共计59属113种,其中包括蕨类植物孢子35属62种,裸子植物花粉22属47种,苔藓类植物孢子1属3种,以及藻类化石1属1种。据此建立一个孢粉组合,命名为Dictyophyllidites-Lunzisporites-Chasmatosporites组合(简称DLC组合),并进一步分为上、下两个亚组合。根据孢粉组合内一些重要分子的地质时代延限及与国内外有关孢粉组合的对比,提出其地质时代属于晚三叠世诺利期—瑞替期(Norian—Rhaetian)。该孢粉植物群反映了一个以蕨类植物的真蕨类、石松类和裸子植物的松柏类和苏铁类群等占主导且较为繁盛的植被面貌,揭示出温暖潮湿的亚热带—热带气候环境。     

南京大学、中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所联合举办藻类培训班

本文重点研究了抚顺煤田早第三纪地层下部玄武岩凝灰岩夹B 组煤层中的孢粉组合,经统计约有100余种,描述了18属、35种,其中1新属、20新种。对孢粉组合的成份、特征进行了分析,详细讨论了这一组合代表的地质时代为古新世,并讨论了这一孢粉植物群所属植物区和它们所反映的气候特点。     

南京北象山中侏罗世孢粉化石的发现

本文对在南京北象山首次发现的孢粉化石进行了系统的分析研究,共获孢子花粉３７属７７种,其中蕨类植物孢子１５属２３种,裸子植物花粉２２属５４种,组合以高含量的Ｃｌａｓｓｏｐｏｌｌｉｓ为特征。根据孢粉组合特征,其时代应归为中侏罗世。对组合中主要孢粉类型可能的母体植物的生长环境进行分析,推测在中侏罗世的某段时期里,南京地区主要为干旱的气候环境。     

塔里木盆地北缘三叠纪孢粉组合

研究区发现孢粉化石９０属１９７种,藻类化石２属４种,疑源类２属２种。建立三叠纪的孢粉组合序列,并详细地讨论了各个组合的地质时代。根据孢粉组合反映的植物群面貌,探讨盆地北缘三叠纪的古植被和古气候。     

Study of multi-agent-based coal mine environmental monitoring system

Existing wireless coal mine environmental monitoring system has large transmissions of redundancy data. Monitoring and treatment of multiple environmental parameters are mutually independent, with low instantaneity and reliability. To solve the above problems, this paper designs the coal mine environmental monitoring system based on multi-agent, taking advantages of the harmony and intelligence of the multi-agent technology. This system designs the environmental monitoring agent from both hardware and software aspects which can cooperate mutually and work harmoniously between each other. Thus, the quantity of transmission of data can be reduced, which optimizes the structure of the coal mine environmental monitoring system. Results of simulation experiments prove that the multi-agent-based coal mine environmental monitoring system can reduce the transmission delay and packet loss probability of data and enhance the instantaneity and reliability of data transmission in the system. Therefore, the new system is more applicable and advanced in the field of coal mine environmental monitoring.     

煤矸石山生态恢复的主要路径

煤矿开采过程伴随着大量煤矸石和废弃物的堆积,对当地生态环境造成巨大危害,恢复受损煤矿区煤矸石山生态系统成为近年来研究的热点。目前,许多研究者从煤矸石山土壤和植被恢复技术、监督管理等方面进行归纳总结,各有侧重地提出相应恢复措施,对于指导当地生态恢复实践发挥了重要作用。然而,绝大部分研究综述均未深入分析煤矸石山生态恢复过程中的关键问题,同时也未从生态系统的整体性和长期稳定性考虑设置恢复路径。基于此,通过梳理前人研究成果,归纳出煤矸石山恢复过程中的地质安全、土壤环境、植被恢复、种群繁衍、生态系统稳定等方面关键问题,从恢复前后逻辑关系和生态系统整体性考虑,设计出边坡稳定性处理及整形、土地复垦、物种选择、人工建植、土壤种子库形成、种群繁衍与更新、生态系统健康和稳定性评价、补充措施等一整套煤矸石山生态恢复的主要路径和方法,对煤矸石山生态系统恢复的基本途径从六个方面进行了总结,同时提出存在的问题和未来需要进一步研究的方向,为煤矸石山生态系统恢复实践提供重要理论指导。     

祁连山国家公园煤矿修复对地表节肢动物多样性的影响

高寒山区煤矿覆土回填和种植草本植物能够快速改善环境,强烈影响地表节肢动物多样性及其生态功能,地表节肢动物对煤矿修复的响应还会因海拔及放牧扰动强度的变化而异。选择祁连山国家公园甘肃片区中部西营河和东大河保护站煤矿修复区和毗邻草地(对照区)为研究对象,利用陷阱法调查煤矿修复区及对照区地表节肢动物的种类组成和数量变化,解析地表节肢动物群落及关键类群对煤矿修复的响应模式,确定影响地表节肢动物多样性变化的关键要素。结果表明,煤矿修复缩小了修复区和对照区地表节肢动物群落差异,但煤矿修复区和对照区地表节肢动物群落组成明显不同并存在地域差异。西营河煤矿修复显著提高了地表节肢动物活动密度,而东大河保护站煤矿修复导致地表节肢动物活动密度略有降低,地表节肢动物类群丰富度、多样性和均匀度指数变化与活动密度相反。主要地表节肢动物科对煤矿矿区修复的响应模式不同并存在区域差异,西营河保护站煤矿修复显著提高了平腹蛛科、微蛛亚科和隐翅虫科的活动密度,但显著降低了硬体盲蛛科和象甲科的活动密度;东大河保护站煤矿修复显著提高了步甲科活动密度,但降低了蚁科和狼蛛科的活动密度。pRDA排序结果表明,海拔高度和全氮含量解释了西营河...     

基于能值分析法的矿区循环经济系统生态效率分析

从系统的角度界定了循环经济和矿区循环经济的内涵,提出了煤炭矿区循环经济系统的基本框架,并以能值分析法为基础构建了矿区循环经济系统生态效率评价指标体系与方法。运用所构建的评价指标体系与方法对山东某矿区进行了研究,得出该矿区循环经济系统2007—2011年5年间的能值效率变化趋势图和生态效率指数趋势图,研究结果与该矿区的实际发展趋势基本一致。表明运用能值分析法所建立的评价指标体系具有较强的有效性,并且对煤炭矿区发展循环经济、提高生态效率具有重要指导意义和参考价值。     

菌种类型及EDTA二钠用量对生物甲烷生成的影响

采用平板分离和培养瓶厌氧技术,结合PCR扩增技术,以沙曲矿煤为发酵基底,中泰矿业和沙曲矿井水及白腐菌为菌种来源,进行产甲烷菌培养实验,并添加不同浓度梯度的EDTA二钠,进行产甲烷菌培养实验,测定实验结束后的产甲烷量。实验证明:中泰矿业矿井水中有产甲烷菌的存在,而沙曲矿井水在含反硝化菌和pH偏高的情况下,抑制了产甲烷菌的生长。同等条件下沙曲矿批次实验中没有甲烷气体的产生,而中泰矿业的有气体产出,适宜浓度的EDTA二钠浓度会显著提高产气量,EDTA二钠用量为1.0 g/L时,中泰矿井水CH4产率达到最大,为10.0 mL/g煤,反应后溶液的pH值明显增高。     

Phytoremediation of coal mine spoil dump through integrated biotechnological approach

Field experiment was conducted on mine spoil dump on an area of 10 ha, to restore the fertility and productivity of the coal mine spoil dump using integrated biotechnological approach. The approach involves use of effluent treatment plant sludge (ETP sludge), as an organic amendment, biofertilizers and mycorrihzal fungi along with suitable plant species. The results of the study indicated that amendment with effluent treatment plant sludge (ETP sludge), @ 50 ton/ha improved the physico-chemical properties of coal mine spoil. Due to biofertilizer inoculation different microbial groups such as Rhizobium, Azotobacter and VAM spores, which were practically absent in mine spoil improved greatly. Inoculation of biofertilizer and application of ETP sludge helped in reducing the toxicity of heavy metals such as chromium, zinc, copper, iron, manganese lead, nickel and cadmium, which were significantly reduced to 41%, 43%, 37%, 37%, 34%, 39%, 37% and 40%, respectively, due to the increased organic matter content in the ETP sludge and its alkaline pH (8.10-8.28), at which the metals gets immobilized and translocation of metals is arrested. Thus, amendment and biofertilizer application provided better supportive material for anchorage and growth of the plant on coal mine spoil dump.     

Microbial Methane Formation from Hard Coal and Timber in an Abandoned Coal Mine

About 7% of the global annual methane emissions originate from coal mining. Also, mine gas has come into focus of the power industry and is being used increasingly for heat and power production. In many coal deposits worldwide, stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic signatures of methane indicate a mixed thermogenic and biogenic origin. In this study, we have measured in an abandoned coal mine methane fluxes and isotopic signatures of methane and carbon dioxide, and collected samples for microbiological and phylogenetic investigations. Mine timber and hard coal showed an in-situ production of methane with isotopic signatures similar to those of the methane in the mine atmosphere. Enrichment cultures amended with mine timber or hard coal as sole carbon sources formed methane over a period of nine months. Predominantly, acetoclastic methanogenesis was stimulated in enrichments containing acetate or hydrogen/carbon dioxide. Molecular techniques revealed that the archaeal community in enrichment cultures and unamended samples was dominated by members of the Methanosarcinales. The combined geochemical and microbiological investigations identify microbial methanogenesis as a recent source of methane in abandoned coal mines.     

在矿山废弃地上发展可再生能源的潜力——以辽宁省为例

在国内外碳减排压力和我国能源结构调整需求下,我国可再生能源的开发压力较大.矿山具有丰富的废弃土地,发展可再生能源的潜力巨大,在矿山废弃地上开发可再生能源对我国的能源战略具有重要意义.本研究以辽宁省矿山废弃地为例,提出矿山废弃地的生物质能与太阳能发展预案,估算辽宁省矿山废弃地的可再生能源发展潜力.结果表明:辽宁省1227.6 km2的矿山废弃地面积发展可再生能源的潜力较大,不同预案的潜力差异显著.预案1以光伏发电最大化为目标模式,总计可发电量为79.4 TWh,折标煤量32.1 Mt,碳减排量为79.1Mt CO2.预案2以生物质能源利用最大化为目标模式,光伏与生物质能总的发电量可达到31.2~33.1 TWh,折标煤量12.7~13.4 Mt,碳减排量为31.1~33.0 Mt CO2.预案3以矿山能源综合利用最大化为目标并兼顾生态修复的发展模式,光伏与生物质能总的发电量可达到62.3~63.7 TWh,折标煤量25.1~25.7 Mt,碳减排量为62.1~63.5 Mt CO2.3种预案的发电量在31.2~79.4 TWh,占辽宁省2016年总电力消费量的15.3%~38.9%,折标煤量12.7~32.1 Mt,碳减排量为31.1~79.1 Mt CO2.本研究对在矿山废弃地上发展可再生能源潜力及其替代化石能源能力的评估,对于碳减排、能源结构的调整以及矿山废弃地的生态修复具有重要的研究意义.     

Abnormality of the Corpus Callosum in Coalmine Gas Explosion-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Abnormal corpus callosum (CC) has been reported in childhood trauma-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the nature of white matter (WM) integrity alterations in the CC of young adult-onset PTSD patients is unknown. In this study, 14 victims of a coal mine gas explosion with PTSD and 23 matched coal miners without experiencing the coal mine explosion were enrolled. The differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) within 7 sub-regions of the CC were compared between the two groups. Compared to the controls, PTSD coal miners exhibited significantly reduced FA values in the anterior sub-regions of the CC (P < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected), which mainly interconnect the bilateral frontal cortices. Our findings indicated that the anterior part of the CC was more severely impaired than the posterior part in young adult-onset PTSD, which suggested the patterns of CC impairment may depend on the developmental stage of the structure when the PTSD occurs.     

Evaluation of metal contamination and risk assessment to human health in a coal mine region of India: A case study of the North Karanpura coalfield

The present study aimed to evaluate metal contamination level in coal mine water of the North Karanpura coalfields and assess the possible health risk due to the intake of untreated mine water. Fourteen coal mine water samples were collected from the study area and analyzed for Al, As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se, and Zn using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The heavy metal pollution index (HPI) was used to calculate metal pollution level in the coal mine water. The hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were estimated for health risk to child and adult by using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) methods. The concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, and Ni in coal mine water were exceeding the acceptable as well as the maximum permissible limits specified for drinking and domestic uses. The HPI values were below the critical pollution index level of 100 except at one location. The estimated HQ and HI values for adult and children were greater than the standard limits in nearly half of the water samples. High HQ and HI values suggest that suitable treatment of coal mine water will require before its utilization in domestic and drinking purposes.