悉生豚鼠体内复方双歧杆菌制剂对福氏志贺氏菌的作用

复方双歧杆菌制剂中,双歧杆菌(Bif.bifidum),乳酸杆菌(L.acidophilus),粪链球菌(Str.faecalis)三种菌都是人和动物肠道正常菌群之一,要研究它们和肠道致病菌之间的关系,在普通动物体内是无法观察到.在国内我们首次应用悉生豚鼠进行复方双歧杆菌制剂对福氏志贺氏菌作用的研究,发现在悉生豚鼠体内复方双歧杆菌制剂对感染后的豚鼠有较明显的保护作用,保护率为75%,实验组未获得保护的豚鼠死亡时间较对照组延长6～10天,而对照组豚鼠在感染后24～48小时全部死亡,解剖后在肠道分泌物中分离出福氏志贺氏菌.本实验证明:复方双歧杆菌制剂是治疗腹泻较好的生物制剂,尤其对因菌群失调而引起的腹泻更是理想的治疗方法。     

双歧杆菌及中药对小鼠血中抗氧化酶,T3,TSH和吞噬细胞功能的影响

本文用双歧杆菌、中药及复方双歧杆菌制剂饲喂ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠,发现中药及复方双歧杆菌制剂对老龄鼠血中ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ活性有明显增高作用,而对ＬＰＯ含量有明显减低作用,双歧杆菌及复方双歧杆菌能增强ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠内分泌功能及免疫功能,本试验中尚发现双歧杆菌与中药制成的复方双歧杆菌制剂能明显协同促进ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ及吞噬细胞功能。说明双歧杆菌与一些传统补益类中药具有协同抗衰老作用。     

不同因素下双歧杆菌BB-12对变形链球菌拮抗作用的体外研究

目的探讨不同因素下双歧杆菌BB-12对变形链球菌的抑制作用。方法采用液体培养法分别培养双歧杆菌BB-12与变形链球菌,利用紫外分光光度计调节具有相同吸光度值的菌液,观察不同因素下双歧杆菌BB-12对变形链球菌的拮抗作用,使用扫描电镜观察早期变形链球菌生物膜的变化。结果双歧杆菌BB-12在不同因素作用下对变形链球菌均具有拮抗作用,双歧杆菌BB-12能够抑制早期变形链球菌生物膜的形成。结论双歧杆菌BB-12对变形链球菌有拮抗作用。     

双歧杆菌的遗传学分类方法研究进展

双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium)是人和动物肠道内最主要的生理性细菌之一,在微生态学上属于原籍菌群,它与其它生理性细菌成员构成一个微生物群落,并与宿主构成一个微生态系统。因为双歧杆菌具有维持微生态平衡、生物拮抗、免疫调节、营养等多方面的生理功能,所以双歧杆菌被开发成微生态制剂广泛应用于医疗、保健、食品等并已成为微生态制剂的核心。目前双歧杆菌可分为32个种型[1]。其中已用于微生态制剂的生产菌种有两歧双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、短双歧杆菌、婴儿双歧杆菌和青春型双歧杆菌等。自从1899年Tissier发现双歧杆菌至今,双歧杆菌的分类…     

浅述双歧杆菌与微生态药品

双歧杆菌是健康人肠道正常菌丛中的优势菌之一,近年来开发的微生态药品中大部分以双歧杆菌为主。本文从双歧杆菌的生物拮抗、免疫调节及营养代谢调节等方面对其作用机理进行了阐述,并对国内已开发的微生态制剂作了简要的回顾。     

痢疾菌苗发展战略

<正>痢疾杆菌病原学和流行病学 杆菌性痢疾由志贺氏菌属和肠侵袭性大肠菌(EIEC)所引起。志贺氏菌属包括四群:痢疾志贺氏菌、福氏志贺氏菌、鲍氏志贺氏菌和宋内氏志贺氏菌,又根据细胞外壁LPS特异性O抗原多糖链的抗原性将每个群进一步分为多个血清型,其中痢疾志贺氏菌包括12个,福氏菌13个,鲍氏菌18个,宋内氏菌1个。     

双歧杆菌发酵果蔬汁的体外生物拮抗作用研究

目的研究双歧杆菌发酵果蔬汁的体外生物拮抗作用及影响因素。方法采用纸片扩散法(K-B法)、琼脂打孔法和试管稀释法(MIC)研究双歧杆菌发酵果蔬汁对常见病原菌的体外拮抗作用,并讨论pH、加热对拮抗作用的影响。结果发酵果蔬汁及其处理物(加热、不同pH)均具有一定的抑菌作用。结论双歧杆菌发酵果蔬汁对常见病原菌有一定的拮抗作用。     

痢疾杆菌B1亚型之间的交叉保护性试验

对E．Coli K12 Hfrc株与福氏志贺氏菌la-1、1b-03株杂交所得的Hfla-l、HFlb-03。弱毒株,进行了豚鼠角膜和猴的交叉保护性试验。结果表明,福氏志贺氏痢疾杆菌亚型之间是有交叉保护作用的。从而为研制痢疾菌苗选用生产用菌株的范围,以及了解痢疾杆菌福氏志贺氏菌群之间的抗原关系提供了新的依据。     

对双歧杆菌DM9227株的实验研究——Ⅰ.双歧杆菌DM9227株的试管内生物拮抗作用的研究

本文对由健康婴儿分离的双歧杆菌DM9227株进行了试管内的生物拮抗试验。将双歧杆菌DM9227株分别与金黄色葡萄球菌、产毒性大肠杆菌及侵袭性大肠杆菌以一定的比例等量混合接种于PYG液体培养基中进行厌氧培养。试验证明双歧杆菌DM9227株能明显抑制上述3种细菌的生长繁殖,显示出较强的生物拮抗作用。拮抗机制可能与双歧杆菌DM9227株能产生一定量的醋酸和乳酸,降低培养基的pH,从而抑制该3种菌的生长有关。     

酪酸梭菌和婴儿型双歧杆菌对霍乱弧菌的拮抗试验

了解酪酸梭菌和婴儿型双歧杆菌单独及混合培养时对霍乱弧菌的拮抗作用。将酪酸梭菌ＬＣＬ１６６和婴儿型双歧杆菌ＬＣＬ１７２分别与霍乱弧菌Ｏ１、Ｏ１３９单独和混合培养,定时对霍乱弧菌计数,并对菌数的对数进行在检验。两株菌混合培养时对霍乱弧菌的抑制效果基本相同,单独和混合培养时对霍乱弧菌的拮抗作用主要由酪酸梭菌引起,酪酸梭菌具有抑制霍乱弧菌的作用。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.