山医群体近交系中国地鼠的G-显带核型和自发畸变率的研究

目的　阐明山医群体近交系中国地鼠G 显带核型和自发畸变率 ,完善中国地鼠的背景资料。方法　采用地鼠骨髓制备和G 显带法。结果　从 14只地鼠的 30个G 显带细胞中 ,7个G 显带细胞被选作模型分析。根据特有带型来识别各号染色体 ,绘制了模式图。此外 ,用常规Giemsa染色分析了 80 0个中期细胞 ,发现染色体断裂为 0 2 5 % ,无着丝粒畸变和不平衡易位均为 0 0 5 % ,自发畸变率很低。结论　山医群体近交系中国地鼠G 显带的识别为结构异常和基因作图提供了科学依据。     

IRM-2近交系小鼠的生殖生长特性

目的获取IRM-2近交系小鼠的生殖生长特性的有关资料.方法ICR/JCL为母本,以615小鼠为父本杂交选育的近交系小鼠IRM-2,现已繁育至第38代.经过对其生殖、生长特性的观察和测定来取得相关资料.结果该小鼠出生后45d性成熟;繁殖能力强,平均每窝产仔数为8只以上,最高可达15只;生长发育迅速,出生后60d体重可达28g以上,各脏器重均高于亲代鼠.结论从各项指标来看,IRM-2小鼠是优良的近交品系小鼠.     

IRM-2近交系小鼠对电离辐射抗性的研究

目的观察IRM-2小鼠对电离辐射的耐受性.方法分析测定了IRM-2小鼠对137Csγ射线的LD50及经4.0Gy137Csγ射线照射后不同时间外周血白细胞、骨髓有核细胞总数、骨髓细胞DNA含量和脾结节的变化,并与亲代小鼠ICR和615进行了比较.结果用不同剂量的137Csγ射线照射后,IRM-2小鼠对γ射线的LD50比ICR和615小鼠分别高1.73～1.57Gy和1.44Gy;外周血白细胞数和骨髓有核细胞总数、骨髓细胞DNA含量下降的幅度小且恢复得快;CFU-S的增加也较ICR和615小鼠明显.结论IRM-2小鼠比一般的纯系和杂交品系小鼠具有更强的辐射抗性.     

四棱豆的核型和G-带带型研究

用改良ＡＳＧ法在四棱角Ｐｓｏｐｈｏｃａｒｐｕｓ ｔｅｔｒａｇｏｎｏｌｏｂｕｓ（Ｌ．）ＤＣ有丝分裂中期,染色体全长显示了密切邻近的多重Ｇ－带带纹,并进行了核型和Ｇ－带带型分析。核型公式为２ｎ＝１８＝４ｍ＋１４ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）,核型类型为２Ｂ。Ｇ－带带型分析表明,同源染色体的带纹数目、分布位置、染色深浅基本一致,可以较准确地进行配对;非同源染色体的带型有明显差异,可以准确区分。讨论了改良ＡＳＧ法在核型     

大麦G—显带核型的研究

本文报道了 ASG 法处理的三个栽培大麦(Hordeum Vulgare)品种 G-带的核型研究。结果表明无论是早中期或中期染色体都显示出了密切邻近的、多重的 G-带带纹。在有丝分裂过程中染色体愈浓缩带纹数目愈少。同源染色体之间带纹分布的位置、染色深浅以及带纹数目都基本一致,可以较为准确地进行配对。同一分裂时期不同染色体的 G-带带纹各具一定的特点,可以作为鉴别的标记。讨论了显带技术和中期染色体的 G-带等问题。     

近交系小鼠过氧化氢酶-2遗传生化标记位点的研究

目的为了进一步完善近交系小鼠遗传生化标记检测方法,对近交系小鼠过氧化氢酶-2生化标记位点进行研究。方法将CBA/Ca与BALB/c交配得到杂交F1代动物,同时将CBA/Ca与C57BL/6交配得到杂交F1代动物,然后通过F1代动物之间的交配,以及F1代动物与母代的回交,得到F2代动物,对F2代动物进行过氧化氢酶-2生化标记检测。结果在杂交F1代不表现的过氧化氢酶-2的b型基因,在F2代出现。结论近交系小鼠过氧化氢酶-2遗传生化标记位点的等位基因a是完全显性的。     

蕹菜的DAPI显带核型

利用一种新的DAPI显带技术分析了蕹菜染色体的DAPI带型及其异染色质的分布,建立了类似于G带的蕹菜DA PI带模式图,为蕹菜的细胞遗传学研究、育种和资源的开发利用提供帮助。     

T739近交系小鼠及其亲本染色体C带大小的特征

T;;小鼠是由615近交系小鼠和昆明种小鼠杂交后兄妹交配培育成功的。本文对T 。小鼠及其亲本的C带染色体进行了研究;扒C带多态性证明T ;和61;小鼠为近交系小鼠。     

Southern杂交方法用于近交系小鼠H-2基因检测

目的建立一种简便、快捷、准确的检测方法用于近交系小鼠的遗传检测。方法根据近交系小鼠的H-2基因序列设计相应的探针,并标记生物素,利用微孔板Southern杂交技术,使探针与模板DNA杂交,再加入亲和素标记的辣根过氧化物酶进行酶显色反应,通过酶标仪检测杂交结果,以确定近交系小鼠的基因型。结果57BL／6和C57B：／10为H-2^b型;DBA／2和Scid为H-2^d型;615和C3H为H-2^k型;NCPC／2、TA1、TA2和T739均为H-2^b型。结论通过Southern杂交检测可以确定近交系小鼠的基因型。该检测方法简便、易行,检测结果客观,可以应用于近交系小鼠的遗传检测。     

林麝染色体制备方法及核型与G-带带型研究

以林麝外周血淋巴细胞为实验材料,在培养基中加入植物血球凝集素PHA和伴刀豆球蛋白ConA,由此建立了适合其增殖的培养体系。培养75h后,用空气干燥法制备染色体,确定林麝核型是2N=58,且全都是端着丝粒染色体。实验结果还表明,通过获得较晚的中期分裂相,可以确定染色体是端着丝粒不是亚端着丝粒类型。同时首次应用染色体G-带技术,研究了林麝染色体的G-带带型。     

空气负离子对自发和环磷酰胺诱发的小鼠骨髓嗜多染性成红细胞微核率的影响

我们以前的研究表明负离子对~(60)Co-γ线诱发的急性和慢性损伤有明显的防护作用。本文以小鼠骨髓嗜多染性成红细胞(PCE)微核率为指标,探讨负离子对正常小鼠有无细胞毒性和对环磷酰胺(CP)诱发的遗传损伤有无防护作用。用负离子处理昆明小鼠60天后不注射CP直接取样;用负离子分别处理小鼠15天、30天和60天后注射CP,6小时后取样。镜检骨髓PCE微核并做统计处理。结果表明,负离子促进小鼠的生长发育且不导致潜在损伤;负离子对CP诱发的遗传损伤有明显的防护作用。     

Effects of Growth Factors FGF2 and IGF2 on the Development of Parthenogenetic Mouse Embryos in utero and in vitro

We studied the effects of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) on the development of parthenogenetic mouse embryos (CBA × C57BK/6)FF₁. The parthenogenetic embryos were treated in vitro during the preimplantation period and, at the blastocyst stage, transplanted into the uterus of pseudopregnant females. The addition of FGF2 at an optimal dose (2.5 ng/ml) to the culture medium increased twofold the number of embryos developed in utero to the somite stages as compared to the control: 18 and 43%, respectively. The parthenogenetic embryos (18–21 somites), treated and nontreated with FGF2 during the preimplantation period, were explanted for further development in vitro and treated with IGF2 at 2.5 g/ml. As a result, many more parthenogenetic embryos (> 87%) of both groups developed in vitro to the stage of 30 or more somites as compared to the control (59%). More than a half of FGF-2-treated parthenogenetic embryos developed to the stage of 40 and some of them, to the stage of 50 somites. The treatment of the parthenogenetic embryos with FGF2 alone at the preimplantation stages did not improve their development in vitro at the postimplantation stages. The results we obtained suggest that the treatment of parthenogenetic embryosin vitro with FGF2 during the preimplantation period increased twofold the number of somite embryos in utero, while their subsequent treatmentin vitro with IGF2 leads to a significant prolongation of their development, as compared to the control.     

禁食与非禁食处理对构建2型糖尿病小鼠模型血糖的影响

为探讨禁食与非禁食处理对构建2型糖尿病小鼠模型血糖变化的影响,分别以普通饲料和高脂饲料喂养3周龄的C57BL/6J雄性小鼠5周,于第5周末采取禁食与非禁食处理,16 h后分别注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)100 mg/kg体重或相应体积的柠檬酸缓冲液.于第5周末(禁食前)和注射后3周测定非空腹血糖浓度.普通饲料与高脂饲料注射STZ前禁食组血糖水平均显著升高,达到并超过糖尿病小鼠非空腹血糖成模标准(11mmol/L).高脂饲料注射STZ前非禁食组血糖水平表现为缓慢持续升高,其余各组血糖水平均低于糖尿病小鼠非空腹血糖成模标准.结果 表明,高脂饲料联合STZ诱导2型糖尿病小鼠血糖变化是有效的,但注射STZ前的禁食处理不是必需的;单纯注射STZ同样可以诱导糖尿病小鼠血糖升高,但注射前的禁食处理是必要的.     

CM2细胞株及其类C型逆转录病毒的电镜观察

本文报告了ＣＭ＿２细胞的超微结构及其所携带的Ｃ型病毒颗粒形态和形态发生。细胞大小约７－１５μｍ,细胞及其核的多形性具有恶性淋巴细胞特征。在细胞外和细胞内扩张的内质网地中可见大量Ｃ型病毒颗粒。病毒颗粒大小约６８．１－９４．３ｎｍ,平均８１．２ｎｍ。细胞外的病毒颗粒多数具有大小、形态各异的致密核芯,而在内质网池中病毒颗粒的核芯多数呈低密度。病毒颗粒从细胞膜通过芽生方式形成。     

The effects of retinoic acid on reversing the adipocyte differentiation into an osteoblastic tendency in ST2 cells, a murine bone marrow-derived stromal cell line

Although the mouse bone marrow stromal cell line ST2 has been known to be differentiated into osteoblasts, the differentiation characteristics of the cell into adipocyte and the concerned relationship between its adipogenesis and osteogenesis remains unknown. The adipogenic induction medium which is made up of insulin, dexamethasone (DEX) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine(IBMX), stimulated the expression of n early adipogenic marker PPAR γ and a late marker GPDH in ST2 cells. The triglyceride accumulation and lipid stain level generated by the induction medium in ST2 cells was inhibited by RA with IC₅₀ at about 1 nM. The induction medium up-regulated expression of PPARγ and GPDH was also inhibited by RA whereas RA (30 nM) exterted no effect on the cell growth. Interestingly, treatment of the cells with induction medium in the presense of RA caused a 3- or 10-fold higher in ALP activity respectively as compared to those treated with RA or the induction medium alone. RT-PCR analysis showed that such a synergistic effect of RA and the induction medium paralleled the process of inhibition on adipogenesis. Additional experiments showed that IBMX played a key role in increasing the effect of RA and ALP activity. Our results suggested that the relationship between adipogenesis and osteogenesis in ST2 cells was reciprocally interrelated and the process of adipogenesis could be potentially reversed into an osteoblastogenic tendency. This is the first report demonstrating that RA transforms adipogenic potential into an osteoblastic tendency. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

狂犬疫苗单克隆抗体制备过程中细胞融合条件的探索

在充分了解SP2/0细胞系的生长、增殖和遗传特性后,以聚乙二醇(PEG)诱导动物细胞融合为契机,意在探索不同分子量、不同浓度的PEG作融合剂对诱导SP2/0细胞与脾细胞融合的最适条件,在HAT选择培养基下通过细胞融合率的变化进行比较。结果表明,分子量为4000,浓度为50%的PEG诱导的细胞融合率最高,为下一步制备狂犬病毒疫苗单克隆抗体奠定基础。