共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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中度嗜盐菌的研究进展 总被引:37,自引:7,他引:37
地球上存在着多种多样的盐域环境,这类环境中有自然形成的,如死海,美国的大盐湖等水环境,还有盐土环境;人工形成的如盐场、盐池等;另外,还有很多盐腌制的食品。自然界的高盐环境由于形成过程和所处地质情况的不同其离子组成和盐浓度有很大差异。生活在这些高盐环境中的动、植物物种较为有限,而以处于不同类群的微生物,如绿藻、嗜盐古菌及嗜盐和耐盐的细菌等为主要生命形式。根据微生物对盐浓度的反应可分为不同的种(如表1[1])。 相似文献
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盐地碱蓬内生中度嗜盐菌 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
植物内生菌已经成为我国微生物领域研究的热点之一[1],对植物内生细菌的研究不仅丰富了内生菌的生理类群及数量,而且探索了内生菌与植物的相互关系;同时也发现了一些新分类地位的菌株。目前,关于植物内生极端微生物的研究较少,本刊2010年第2期刊登了崔春晓、夏志洁等发表的文章"盐地碱蓬内生中度嗜盐菌的分离与系统发育多样性分析"[2],作者根据盐地碱蓬内生境高盐的特点,从中不仅 相似文献
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Halomonas sp.BYS1是一株能矿化苯乙酸的中度嗜盐细菌,该菌能在0~20% NaCl 的条件下生长。甜菜碱是其主要渗透保护剂,通过在培养基中添加甜菜碱合成前体(胆碱、甘氨酸)的方法发现它能以胆碱为前体合成甜菜碱。通过PCR的方法克隆了甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因(betB),测序后在大肠杆菌中进行了高效表达,表达产物占菌体总蛋白的31.5%,酶活为38.5 U/mg,为构建耐盐的转基因植物提供了材料。 相似文献
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中度嗜盐菌产木聚糖酶发酵条件的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中度嗜盐菌在盐碱环境下生长繁殖,其产生的木聚糖酶也同样具有在盐碱环境下发挥作用的特性。本文对一株中度嗜盐菌的产木聚糖酶活性进行了初步研究。研究包括氮源、液体种子接种量、培养温度、pH值、培养时间等因素对该菌株产木聚糖酶能力的影响。结果表明,最佳培养氮源为蛋白胨;最佳产生木聚糖酶的发酵条件是液体种子接种量为6%,温度为35℃,pH值7,培养时间为4 d。 相似文献
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河南叶县岩盐可培养中度嗜盐菌的多样性 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
【背景】嗜盐微生物因为独特的生理和代谢特征而对高盐环境有着良好的适应能力,在环境污染治理、酶制剂等领域具有很高的应用和研究价值,是一类重要的极端环境微生物资源。【目的】为了更好地认识我国岩盐微生物的多样性,开发和利用嗜盐微生物资源,积累丰富的微生物菌种资源。【方法】在5%和10%的盐度下,使用Alkaline oligotrophic medium (AOM)、Neutral haloarchaeal medium (NHM)、Diluted modified marine agar (dmMA)和ISP3 medium (ISP3)四种培养基,分离和纯化河南叶县岩盐矿的卤水和盐土中的嗜盐菌,使用细菌通用引物27F和1492R扩增和测序纯化菌株的16SrRNA基因,使用Ez BioCloud和NCBI上的BLAST比对进行分子鉴定,使用MEGA5.0进行遗传进化分析。【结果】从河南叶县岩盐卤水和盐土中一共分离和纯化到78株细菌,菌株16S rRNA基因序列显示它们来自3个门:厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的Bacillus 26株、Halobacillus 30株、Oceanobac... 相似文献
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盐地碱蓬内生中度嗜盐菌的分离与系统发育多样性分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
为了了解东营滨海盐地碱蓬植株内生中度嗜盐菌的多样性,采用传统分离鉴定技术和基于16S rRNA序列分析对样品中可培养细菌的多样性进行研究。根据其生理生化特征、16S rRNA序列测定和系统发育分析,分离获得的15株内生菌可分为4个类群,涉及Halomonadaceae科的Chromohalobacter属、Kushneria属、Halomonas属以及Bacillaceae科的Bacillus属。类群I中4菌株的16S rRNA序列与Chromohalobacter israelensis的最高相似性为95%。类群II共7株菌,归属于Kushneria属,是碱蓬内生中度嗜盐菌中的优势类群。类群III菌株的16S rRNA序列与一株尚无明确分类地位的Gammaproteobacteria亚门耐盐固氮细菌Haererehalobacter sp.JG11的相似性为99%。类群IV中的芽孢杆菌的16S rRNA序列与已知细菌的相似性为96%,很可能代表了Bacillus属的新种。各种水解酶类的分析表明,在分离的15株菌中有3株菌产蛋白酶,14株产酯酶,8株产DNA酶,11株产半乳糖苷酶,14株产脲酶。研究结果揭示,盐地碱蓬中存在较为丰富的中度嗜盐菌多样性和系统发育多样性,并且潜藏着较多的新的微生物类群。 相似文献
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《Systematic and applied microbiology》2019,42(4):457-467
Two moderately halophilic and psychrotolerant new Mycoplasma species were isolated from common cephalopods. Three strains were isolated in pure culture from two individual European flying squid (Todarodes sagittatus), and two individual octopuses (Octopus vulgaris). The strains showed optimal growth at 25 °C and a salinity of 3% (w/v) NaCl. Molecular analyses revealed that the isolates belonged to two new, but phylogenetically related species, divergent from all previously described Mollicutes, representing the first marine isolates of the class, and also the first Mycoplasma strains for which NaCl requirement has been demonstrated. A genome search against all available marine metagenomes and 16S rRNA gene databases indicated that these two species represent a novel non-free-living marine lineage of Mollicutes, specifically associated with marine animals. Morphology and physiology were compatible with other members of this group, and genomic and phenotypic analyses demonstrated that these organisms represent two novel species of the genus Mycoplasma, for which the names Mycoplasma marinum sp. nov. and Mycoplasma todarodis sp. nov. are proposed; the type strains are PET (DSM 105487T, CIP 111404T) and 5HT (DSM 105,488T, CIP 111405T), respectively. 相似文献
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人工高盐环境中可培养嗜盐菌的分离与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
嗜盐菌属于极端微生物中的一种,其结构与理化性质的研究受到国内外同行的关注.国际同行在嗜盐菌的研究领域已经做了大量的工作,而国内的研究工作相对较少. 相似文献
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一株中度嗜盐细菌whb45的鉴定及其抗菌与抗肿瘤活性筛选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从盐场中分离鉴定中度嗜盐细菌并对其潜在的抗菌和抗肿瘤活性进行评价。从山东威海的鹿道口盐场分离嗜盐细菌,对菌株whb45进行形态学和生理生化特性研究,测定其16SrRNA序列并通过同源性比对进行系统发育分析,采用抗菌和细胞毒模型进行活性筛选。试验结果表明,菌株whb45为中度嗜盐细菌,whb45与Halobacillus trueperi在形态和生理生化特征方面最接近,16SrRNA序列相似性为99%。whb45的粗提物对多种细菌、真菌和肿瘤细胞的生长都具有较强的抑制作用,可以作为发现生物活性物质的潜在的新来源。 相似文献
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一株高产酯酶中度嗜盐菌的分离、鉴定及酯酶部分酶学性质的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用平板筛选法从盐场卤水池中筛选到一株高效降解Tween 20的中度嗜盐菌DF-B6菌株。通过形态学、生理生化及16S rDNA序列分析确定该菌株为Idiomarina属的成员。底物特异性实验确定DF-B6菌株分泌的脂裂解酶为酯酶, 而非脂肪酶。在含8% NaCl的0.05 mol/L Tris-HCl (pH 8.0)缓冲液中, 50°C条件下作用, 酶活性最高。当反应液中金属离子浓度为10 mmol/L时, Mg2+、Ca2+和Mn2+对酶活有激活作用, 而Zn2+、Fe3+和Cu2+则对酶反应有抑制作用。 相似文献
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Ali Amoozegar M Zahra Fatemi A Reza Karbalaei-Heidari H Reza Razavi M 《Microbiological research》2007,162(4):369-377
An extracellular protease was produced under stress conditions of high temperature and high salinity by a newly isolated moderate halophile, Salinivibrio sp. strain AF-2004 in a basal medium containing peptone, beef extract, glucose and NaCl. A modification of Kunitz method was used for protease assay. The isolate was capable of producing protease in the presence of sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, potassium chloride, sodium acetate and sodium citrate. The maximum protease was secreted in the presence of 7.5 to 10% (w/v) sodium sulfate or 3% (w/v) sodium acetate (4.6 U ml−1). Various carbon sources including glucose, lactose, casein and peptone were capable of inducing enzyme production. The optimum pH, temperature and aeration for enzyme production were 9.0, 32 °C and 220 rpm, respectively. The enzyme production corresponded with growth and reached a maximum level during the mid-stationary phase. Maximum protease activity was exhibited in the medium containing 1% (w/v) NaCl at 60 °C, with 18% and 41% activity reductions at temperature 50 and 70 °C, respectively. The optimum pH for enzyme activity was 8.5, with 86% and 75% residual activities at pH 10 and 6, respectively. The activity of enzyme was inhibited by EDTA. These results suggest that the protease secreted by Salinivibrio sp. strain AF-2004 is industrially important from the perspectives of its activity at a broad pH ranges (5.0–10.0), its moderate thermoactivity in addition to its high tolerance to a wide range of salt concentration (0–10% NaCl). 相似文献
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Encarnación Mellado M. Teresa García Esther Roldán Joaquín J. Nieto A. Ventosa 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》1998,2(4):435-438
The genomes of 11 moderately halophilic bacteria belonging to the genera Halomonas and Chromohalobacter have been analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). By using the infrequently
cutting restriction endonucleases SpeI and SwaI, highly characteristic fingerprintings were obtained for each of the isolates studied. On the basis of the lengths of the
SpeI and SwaI fragments, separated by PFGE, the genome size of the 11 strains studied was estimated. The genome size for 8 Halomonas strains ranged from 1450 to 2830 kb, whereas for the 3 Chromohalobacter strains studied it ranged from 1770 to 2295 kb. Finally, we show that macrorestriction fingerprints could be a useful tool
to elucidate the taxonomic position of bacteria belonging to the Halomonas–Deleya complex.
Received: October 13, 1997 / Accepted: May 12, 1998 相似文献
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新疆艾丁湖中度嗜盐苯酚降解菌多样性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高盐含酚废水属于极难处理的废水之一,筛选具有生物学降解能力的嗜盐菌有助于解决这一难题。从新疆艾丁湖盐湖中分离筛选能够降解苯酚的中度嗜盐菌,了解盐湖中度嗜盐苯酚降解菌的多样性组成和降解能力。研究结果表明,10%(质量分数)的盐浓度条件下,分离得到166株嗜盐菌,通过以苯酚为唯一碳源的培养基进行降解活性筛选后得到45株阳性菌,根据细菌16S rRNA基因序列系统进化分析,这45株菌分别归类到3个门,5个科,9个属。其中拟诺卡氏菌属(Nocardiopsis)是优势菌,占总量的68.8%,其余菌分布于Bacillus、Gracilibacillus、Pontibacillus、Halobacillus、Marinococcus和Halomonas属。在含100 mg/L苯酚的液体培养基,经过10 d培养后,这45株菌降解效率为1%~17%。本研究为工业应用提供了嗜盐微生物种质资源,极具进一步发掘和研究价值。 相似文献