The Yale Plan of Medical Education: the early years

This paper considers the early years of the Yale Plan of Medical Education, which has come to be called the Yale System. It chronicles and analyzes the incremental development of the System and considers evaluations of the plan and modifications introduced over time. Also considered are external factors which influenced design and implementation. The paper covers the period of medical education at Yale from the 1920s to the early 1950s.     

Incidence of keratinophilic fungi in the soil of primary schools and public parks of Madras city,India

The pattern of incidence of keratinophilic fungi inhabiting the soil of 30 primary schools and 15 public parks in the city of Madras was studied using hair baiting technique. A total number of 31 species belonging to 15 genera were recovered, 16 of which were common to both the school and public park soil. Dermatophytes and closely related species were represented by 9 species, of which the following were the most commonly found species in soil: Chrysosporium tropicum (62.2%), C. keratinophilum (48.8%), M. gypseum (48.8%), C. pannorum (40%), T. mentagrophytes (37.7%), T. terrestre (31.1%) and C. anam. A. cuniculi (24.4%). The fungi encountered have also been discussed in relation to their global distribution. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Bridging the translation gap and building the translation platform: translational medicine at Peking Union Medical College Hospital

正Although there have been progressive advancements in the life sciences since the beginning of the 21st Century,basic medical sciences generally fail to be efficiently translated into clinical research and ultimately into clinical practice.Translational medicine has become a fashionable term describing     

Limnology of tropical impoundments: a comparative study of the major reservoirs in Madras State (India)

Summary A limnological study of seventeen man-made lakes has been made. Thermal features showed absence of stable thermal stratification. Cognisable thermocline did not exist. The South-Western reservoirs with low nutrient and salt content were very poor in productivity, but the high alkaline reservoirs were also not very productive. Some reservoirs with lower alkalinity, hardness and total solids developed algal blooms and were highly productive. Bhavanisagar and Stanley reservoirs with optimal levels of dissolved salts and alkalinity-hardness were fairly productive. Reservoirs with organic soils were better in productivity than those with higher silica content (Hope Lake, Poondi Reservoir, Vaigai etc.) Dissolved oxygen depletion in the bottom was characteristic of productive waters. Total oxygen depletion occurred in some of them but in a few depletion was rare and not of great severity. Klinograde curves were characteristic of productive reservoirs. Even when the bottom waters were low in or were devoid of dissolved oxygen the outflow from this level picked up oxygen within a short distance of 100 m. Effect of water replacement on plankton production is discussed. Primary production in the reservoirs has been compared and discussed. It is the silt-laden turbid waters that are poor in production. Water releases could be manipulated to assist spawning of fishes and for amelioration of pollution downstream.     

Progress in complementary and alternative medicine research: Yale Research Symposium on Complementary and Integrative Medicine

Integrative Medicine at Yale and the Yale Center for Continuing Medical Education (CME) sponsored the Yale Research Symposium on Complementary and Integrative Medicine in March 2010 at the university's School of Medicine. Delivering the keynote address, Dr. Josephine P. Briggs, Director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), highlighted recent progress made in the field of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).