共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Mathieu Chouteau Annabel Whibley Bernard Angers Mathieu Joron 《Entomological Science》2015,18(2):283-287
The Neotropical butterfly Heliconius numata (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) is known for its striking diversity of wing color patterns driven by the Müllerian mimicry of multiple local models and controlled by a single supergene locus. Such fine‐scale variation of traits under strong selection offers a unique opportunity for the study of the ecology and genetics of adaptation. However, little is still known of the population processes driving geographical variation in wing‐pattern phenotypes. We report the characterization of 26 microsatellite markers for the butterfly H. numata, including six located inside the wing color‐pattern supergene region. All markers are polymorphic, with allele numbers ranging from 2 to 21 per locus, an observed heterozygosity of 0.111 to 0.848 and an expected heterozygosity of 0.126 to 0.942. A subset of 18 of these markers was tested on five closely related sympatric Heliconius species with an amplification success ranging from 88% to 94%. The obtained set of microsatellite markers provides a new and useful set of tools to investigate patterns of differentiation and selection in populations of mimetic Heliconius butterflies. Moreover, markers developed within the color‐pattern supergene will facilitate characterization of the association between the genetic architecture and the functional diversity of wing patterns. Finally, the cross‐species amplification success of the described markers extends their utility to also encompass comparative population genetic studies of closely related species within a clade of rapidly diversifying species. 相似文献
2.
Joron M 《Journal of evolutionary biology》2005,18(3):547-556
In order to assess the adaptive importance of microhabitat segregation for the maintenance of mimetic diversity, I explore how flight height varies between the sympatric forms of the polymorphic butterfly Heliconius numata and their respective models in the genus Melinaea. There is no evidence for vertical stratification of mimicry rings in these tiger-patterned butterflies, but males of H. numata tend to fly significantly higher than females and the Melinaea models. This difference in microhabitat preference likely results from females searching for host plants whereas males are patrolling for mates. I then present an extension of Muller's mimicry model for the case of partial behavioural or spatial segregation of sexes. The analysis suggests that sex-specific behaviours can make mimicry more beneficial, simply by reducing the effective population size participating in mimicry. The interaction between mimicry and sex-specific behaviours may therefore facilitate the evolution of polymorphism via enhanced, fine-scale local adaptation. 相似文献
3.
N. S. Flanagan M. J. Blum A. Davison M. Alamo R. Albarrn K. Faulhaber E. Peterson W. O. McMillan 《Molecular ecology resources》2002,2(4):398-401
The Heliconius butterflies offer exceptional opportunities for the study of the ecology and evolution of mimicry. Despite previous reports of difficulties in the development of microsatellite loci in Lepidoptera, we characterize 15 polymorphic loci in H. erato that show promise for genetic mapping and population studies in this and other species. Levels of variation were high, in both numbers and size ranges of alleles. The loci showed broad amplification success across the genus and in two other genera. All loci that amplified in a population of H. melpomene were polymorphic. 相似文献
4.
该研究对斐豹蛱蝶(Argyreus hyperbius)(鳞翅目:蛱蝶科)线粒体基因组全序列进行了测定和初步分析。结果表明:斐豹蛱蝶线粒体基因全序列全长为15156bp,包含13个蛋白质编码基因、22个tRNA和2个rRNA基因以及1个非编码的A+T富集区,基因排列顺序与其它鳞翅目种类一致;线粒体全序列核苷酸组成和密码子使用显示出明显的A+T偏好(80.8%)和轻微的AT偏移(AT skew,?0.019)。基因组中共存在11个2～52bp不等的基因间隔区,总长96bp;以及14个1～8bp不等的基因重叠区,总长34bp。除COI以CGA作为起始密码子外,13个蛋白质编码基因中的其余12个基因是以ATN作为起始密码子。除COI和COII基因是以单独的一个T为终止密码子,其余11个蛋白质编码基因都是以TAA结尾的。除了缺少DHU臂的tRNASer(AGN),其余的tRNA基因都显示典型的三叶草结构。tRNA(AGN)和ND1之间的基因间隔区包含一个ATACTAA结构域,这个结构域在鳞翅目中是保守的。A+T富集区没有较大的多拷贝重复序列,但是包含一些微小重复结构:ATAGA结构域下游的20bp poly-T结构,ATTTA结构域后的(AT)9重复,以及位于tRNAMet上游的5bp poly-A结构等。这项研究所揭示的斐豹蛱蝶的线粒体基因组特征,不仅为认识蛱蝶科的遗传多样性贡献数据,而且对于该物种的保护生物学、群体遗传学、谱系地理及演化研究等具有重要意义。 相似文献
5.
Jiggins CD Linares M Naisbit RE Salazar C Yang ZH Mallet J 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2001,55(8):1631-1638
Recent studies, primarily in Drosophila, have greatly advanced our understanding of Haldane's rule, the tendency for hybrid sterility or inviability to affect primarily the heterogametic sex (Haldane 1922). Although dominance theory (Turelli and Orr 1995) has been proposed as a general explanation of Haldane's rule, this remains to be tested in female-heterogametic taxa, such as the Lepidoptera. Here we describe a novel example of Haldane's rule in Heliconius melpomene (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae). Female F1 offspring are sterile when a male from French Guiana is crossed to a female from Panama, but fertile in the reciprocal cross. Male F1s are fertile in both directions. Similar female F1 sterility occurs in crosses between French Guiana and eastern Colombian populations. Backcrosses and linkage analysis show that sterility results from an interaction between gene(s) on the Z chromosome of the Guiana race with autosomal factors in the Panama genome. Large X (or Z) effects are commonly observed in Drosophila, but to our knowledge have not been previously demonstrated for hybrid sterility in Lepidoptera. Differences in the abundance of male versus female or Z-linked versus autosomal sterility factors cannot be ruled out in our crosses as causes of Haldane's rule. Nonetheless, the demonstration that recessive Z-linked loci cause hybrid sterility in a female heterogametic species supports the contention that dominance theory provides a general explanation of Haldane's rule (Turelli and Orr 2000). 相似文献
6.
蛱蝶翅鳞片的超微结构观察 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对我国东北地区典型常见蛱蝶科15属20种蝴蝶翅鳞片的超微结构进行了扫描电镜观察。结果显示：蛱蝶翅鳞片形态上可分为窄叶形、阔叶形和圆叶形3种,鳞片长65～135 μm,宽35～85 μm,间距48～112 μm。蛱蝶翅鳞片的超微结构可分为拱桥形、棋盘形和筛孔形3 种。拱桥形结构和棋盘形结构比较接近,二者与筛孔形结构差异较明显。在已观察的种类中,线蛱蝶属红线蛱蝶翅鳞片上的纵肋突起最小（200 nm×300 nm）,闪蛱蝶属柳紫闪蛱蝶翅鳞片上的纵肋突起最大（590 nm×560 nm）。鳞片具有相似的形状、结构和排列,尤其是同属蝴蝶翅鳞片超微结构的形状和尺寸差异较小,表明它们之间的亲缘关系接近。 相似文献
7.
在对中国尾蛱蝶属雄性外生殖器解剖研究的基础上,选取了23个雄性外生殖器解剖特征,利用Paup4.0b10系统发育分析软件,分析探讨了中国尾蛱蝶属系统发育关系。结果表明:中国尾蛱蝶属9个种分为2个支系,一支系由凤尾蛱蝶Polyura arja、窄斑凤尾蛱蝶P.athamas及黑凤尾蛱蝶P.schreiber3种组成,另一支系由二尾蛱蝶P.narcaea、沾襟尾蛱蝶P.posidonius、忘忧尾蛱蝶P.nepenthes、异纹尾蛱蝶P.mutata、大二尾蛱蝶P.eudamippus及针尾蛱蝶P.dolon6种组成。两大支系均以渐次方式演化;凤尾蛱蝶与窄斑凤尾蛱蝶、大二尾蛱蝶与针尾蛱蝶各自互为姊妹群关系。 相似文献
8.
记述了中国蜘蛱蝶属Araschnia Htibner 8种,编制了分种检索表。通过外部形态和生殖器特征研究,将布网蜘蛱蝶Araschnia burejana 2个亚种中的布网蜘蛱蝶黎氏亚种Araschnia burejana leechi提升为种——黎氏蜘蛱蝶Araschnia leechi,并绘制了雄性外生殖器图。 相似文献
9.
采用PCR步移法对猫蛱蝶Timelaea maculata线粒体基因组全序列进行了测定和分析.分析结果表明:猫蛱蝶线粒体基因组全长15 178 bp,包括13个蛋白编码基因、22个tRNA基因、2个rRNA基因和一段长度为382 bp的A+T富含区,基因排列顺序与其它已知鳞翅目昆虫相同.猫蛱蝶线粒体基因组中存在很高的A+T含量(81.1％).13个蛋白编码基因中除CO Ⅰ以CGA作为起始密码外,其余蛋白质基因均以ATN作为起始密码子.COⅡ和ND4基因使用了不完全终止密码子T,其余基因均以典型的TAA、TAG为终止密码子.在所测得的22个tRNA基因中,除tRNAser(AGN)缺少DHU臂外,其余tRNA均能形成典型的三叶草结构.与其它多数鳞翅目昆虫一样,猫蛱蝶的A+T富含区中有一段由“ATAGAA”引导的保守的多聚T结构,长度为19 bp,并散在着一些长短不一的串联重复单元. 相似文献
10.
Yuqian Huang Josie McPherson Chris D. Jiggins Gabriela Montejo-Kovacevich 《Physiological Entomology》2024,49(2):136-145
Anthropogenic climate change is thought to present a significant threat to biodiversity, in particular to tropical ectotherms, and the effects of long-term developmental heat stress on this group have received relatively little research attention. Here, we studied the effects of experimentally raising developmental temperatures on a tropical butterfly. We measured survival, development time, adult body mass and wing size of Heliconius erato demophoon (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) across three temperature treatments. Egg survival was lower in the hotter treatments, with 84%, 73% and 49% of eggs hatching in the 20–30°C (fluctuating temperature with 12 h at 20°C followed by 12 h at 30°C), 23–33°C and 26–36°C treatments, respectively. Larval survival was three times lower in the 26–36°C treatment (8%) compared with the 20–30°C treatment (26%), and we did not detect differences in pupal survival across treatments due to high mortality in earlier stages. Under a moderately increased temperature at 23–33°C, larvae developed faster and adults had a higher body mass and wing loading, but this was not seen in the hottest treatment (26–36°C). Females were also heavier than males in the 23–33°C treatment, but there was no associated increase in wing size. This may suggest a different developmental response to moderately elevated temperatures between the sexes. In summary, high developmental temperatures are particularly lethal for eggs and less so for larvae and also affect adult morphology. This highlights the importance of understanding the effects of temperature variation across ontogeny in tropical ectotherms. 相似文献
11.
蜘蛱蝶属Araschnia Hübner分类研究(鳞翅目:凤蝶总科:蛱蝶科) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
记述了中国蜘蛱蝶属AraschniaHübner8种,编制了分种检索表。通过外部形态和生殖器特征研究,将布网蜘蛱蝶Araschniaburejana2个亚种中的布网蜘蛱蝶黎氏亚种Araschniaburejanaleechi提升为种——黎氏蜘蛱蝶Araschnialeechi,并绘制了雄性外生殖器图。 相似文献
12.
MARCUS R. KRONFORST 《Molecular ecology resources》2005,5(1):158-162
I described the development of degenerate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for intron‐containing regions of nine candidate wing patterning and pigmentation genes in Heliconius butterflies. Primers were developed by comparing sequence data from Drosophila melanogaster, Precis coenia, and a variety of other insects so they are likely to be applicable widely among the butterfly family Nymphalidae and perhaps Lepidoptera in general. The amplified regions are highly variable and should be useful for inferring relationships among closely related species and estimating the phylogeographical and population genetic structure of individual species. 相似文献
13.
Andrew K. Davis Bethany Farrey & Sonia Altizer 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2004,113(2):145-147
14.
Four polymorphic microsatellite loci were identified in the butterfly Speyeria idalia. We constructed a phagemid library and screened approximately 120 000 inserts. Probing with GT15, we identified 36 positives and designed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for 12 potential loci. Of those loci, only four consistently produced polymorphic, diallelic PCR products in the expected size range. These results are consistent with previous studies concerning the low frequency of microsatellite loci in the lepidoptera, although these four loci are highly polymorphic and therefore likely to provide information on the fine scale genetic structure among populations in this species. 相似文献
15.
Gabriela Montejo‐Kovacevich Jennifer E. Smith Joana I. Meier Caroline N. Bacquet Eva Whiltshire‐Romero Nicola J. Nadeau Chris D. Jiggins 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2019,73(12):2436-2450
Phenotypic divergence between closely related species has long interested biologists. Taxa that inhabit a range of environments and have diverse natural histories can help understand how selection drives phenotypic divergence. In butterflies, wing color patterns have been extensively studied but diversity in wing shape and size is less well understood. Here, we assess the relative importance of phylogenetic relatedness, natural history, and habitat on shaping wing morphology in a large dataset of over 3500 individuals, representing 13 Heliconius species from across the Neotropics. We find that both larval and adult behavioral ecology correlate with patterns of wing sexual dimorphism and adult size. Species with solitary larvae have larger adult males, in contrast to gregarious Heliconius species, and indeed most Lepidoptera, where females are larger. Species in the pupal‐mating clade are smaller than those in the adult‐mating clade. Interestingly, we find that high‐altitude species tend to have rounder wings and, in one of the two major Heliconius clades, are also bigger than their lowland relatives. Furthermore, within two widespread species, we find that high‐altitude populations also have rounder wings. Thus, we reveal novel adaptive wing morphological divergence among Heliconius species beyond that imposed by natural selection on aposematic wing coloration. 相似文献
16.
中国蝴蝶新种、新亚种及新记录种(VI) 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
记述蛱蝶科12新种,2新亚种,1新型,6新记录,4个在《中国蝶类志》中未记载的已知种。所有模式标本均保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。 相似文献
17.
Yuto Hasegawa Tsuyoshi Takeuchi Norio Hirai 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2019,167(5):467-475
In Ypthima multistriata Butler (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), there are univoltine and bivoltine populations in adjacent areas with similar climatic conditions. A previous study revealed that larvae of both univoltine and bivoltine populations diapause under a constant short day (i.e., a constant short light period; L13:D11), but not under a constant long‐day condition (L16:D8). However, in both types of populations, adults of an overwintering generation appear and oviposit in June and soon thereafter larvae hatch. Therefore, the younger larvae (at least the first instars) of both types of populations experience a long day; nevertheless, the larvae of univoltine populations diapause in nature. To resolve this inconsistency, we set up two hypotheses: (1) the photosensitive stage of larvae is the second instar or later, and (2) the photosensitive stage of univoltine populations is later than that of bivoltine populations. To test these hypotheses, we performed rearing experiments with two univoltine populations and two bivoltine ones. The results indicated that the photosensitive stage was the second or third instar and that the photosensitive stage was later in one univoltine population than in the two bivoltine populations. Larvae of the other univoltine population diapaused under all conditions. The former result supports our hypothesis, and the latter result indicates that the response to photoperiod is different among univoltine populations. In addition, larval development was slower in one univoltine population than in the bivoltine populations, which also delays the timing of the diapause decision in this univoltine population. Larvae that experienced a long day during the first and middle instars but experienced a short day at the end of their larval stage developed faster than larvae that experienced a constant long day. This may be an adaptation to enable emergence before the start of a cold season that is unsuitable for reproduction. 相似文献
18.
19.
Niklas Wahlberg Julien Leneveu Ullasa Kodandaramaiah Carlos Pe?a S?ren Nylin André V. L. Freitas Andrew V. Z. Brower 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2009,276(1677):4295-4302
The butterfly family Nymphalidae contains some of the most important non-drosophilid insect model systems for evolutionary and ecological studies, yet the evolutionary history of the group has remained shrouded in mystery. We have inferred a robust phylogenetic hypothesis based on sequences of 10 genes and 235 morphological characters for exemplars of 400 of the 540 valid nymphalid genera representing all major lineages of the family. By dating the branching events, we infer that Nymphalidae originated in the Cretaceous at 90 Ma, but that the ancestors of 10–12 lineages survived the end-Cretaceous catastrophe in the Neotropical and Oriental regions. Patterns of diversification suggest extinction of lineages at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary (65 Ma) and subsequent elevated speciation rates in the Tertiary. 相似文献
20.
记述中国勇红眼蝶Erebia alcmena Grum—Grshimailo,1891的1新亚种——产自河南西部的勇红眼蝶李氏亚种Erebia alcmena leechuanlungi,ssp．nov．。模式标本保存于河南省科学院。 相似文献