Special Issue on “Big Data and Precision Medicine”

<正>The journal Genomics ProteomicsBioinformatics(GPB)is now inviting submissions for a special issue on the topic of‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine’’to be published in the spring of 2016.For many complex diseases,the traditional‘‘one drug for one disease’’scenario may soon become history.The new concept of‘‘precision medicine’’will heavily rely on the     

Special Issue on ‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine'

<正>The journal Genomics ProteomicsBioinformatics(GPB)is now inviting submissions for a special issue on the topic of‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine’’to be published in the spring of 2016.For many complex diseases,the traditional‘‘one drug for one disease’’scenario may soon become history.The new concept of‘‘precision medicine’’will heavily rely on the     

Special Issue on ‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine”

<正>The journal Genomics ProteomicsBioinformatics(GPB)is now inviting submissions for a special issue on the topic of‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine’’to be published in the spring of 2016.For many complex diseases,the traditional‘‘one drug for one disease’’scenario may soon become history.The new concept of‘‘precision medicine’’will heavily rely on the     

The 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Engineering proteins (enzymes/peptide/antibodies) towards desired properties via the construction of random libraries

<正>The 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded one half to Dr. Frances Arnold (of California Institute of Technology,USA) for her work on "directed evolution of enzymes", the other half to Dr. George Smith (of the University of Missouri, USA) and Sir Gregory Winter (of MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, UK) for their work on "phage display of peptides and antibodies".     

Special Issue on ‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine'

正The journal Genomics ProteomicsBioinformatics(GPB)is now inviting submissions for a special issue on the topic of‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine’’to be published in the fall of 2016.For many complex diseases,the traditional‘‘one drug for one disease’’scenario may soon become history.The new concept of‘‘precision medicine’’will heavily rely on the collection of large amount of data from the population as well as patients of specific diseases.     

Special Issue on “Big Data and Precision Medicine”

正The journal Genomics ProteomicsBioinformatics(GPB)is now inviting submissions for a special issue on the topic of‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine’’to be published in the fall of 2016.For many complex diseases,the traditional‘‘one drug for one disease’’scenario may soon become history.The new concept of‘‘precision medicine’’will heavily rely on the collection of large amount of data from the population as well as patients of specific diseases.     

Special Issue on "Big Data and Precision Medicine"

正The journal Genomics ProteomicsBioinformatics(GPB)is now inviting submissions for a special issue on the topic of‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine’’to be published in the fall of 2016.For many complex diseases,the traditional‘‘one drug for one disease’’scenario may soon become history.The new concept of‘‘precision medicine’’will heavily rely on the collection of large amount of data from the population as well as patients of specific diseases.     

Special Issue on “Big Data and Precision Medicine”

正The journal Genomics ProteomicsBioinformatics(GPB)is now inviting submissions for a special issue on the topic of‘‘Big Data and Precision Medicine’’to be published in the fall of 2016.For many complex diseases,the traditional‘‘one drug for one disease’’scenario may     

CFD Based Determination of Dynamic Stability Derivatives in Yaw for a Bird

Dynamic yaw stability derivatives of a gull bird are determined using Computational Fluid Dynamics（CFD） method. Two kinds of motions are applied for calculating the dynamic yaw stability derivatives CNr and CNβ. The first one relates to a lateral translation and, separately, to a yaw rotation. The second one consists of a combined translational and rotational motion. To determine dynamic yaw stability derivatives, the simulation of an unsteady flow with a bird model showing a harmonic motion is performed. The flow solution for each time step is obtained by solving unsteady Euler equations based on a finite volume approach for a small reduced frequency. Then, an evaluation of unsteady forces and moments for one cycle is conducted using harmonic Fourier analysis. The results of the dynamic yaw stability derivatives for both simulations of the model show a good agreement.     

Structure for energy cycle: a unique status of the second law of thermodynamics for living systems

Distinguishing things from beings, or matters from lives, is a fundamental question. Extending E. Schr?dinger's neg-entropy and I. Prigogine's dissipative structure, we propose a chemical kinetic view that the earliest "live" process is embedded essentially in a special interaction between a pair of specific components under a particular, corresponding environmental conditions. The interaction exists as an inter-molecular-force-bond complex(IMFBC) that couples two separate chemical processes: one is the spontaneous formation of the IMFBC driven by a decrease of Gibbs free energy as a dissipative process; while the other is the disassembly of the IMFBC driven thermodynamically by free energy input from the environment. The two chemical processes coupled by the IMFBC originated independently and were considered non-living on Earth, but the IMFBC coupling of the two can be considered as the earliest form of metabolism: the first landmark on the path from things to a being. The dynamic formation and disassembly of the IMFBC, as a composite individual, follows a principle designated as "… structure for energy for structure for energy…", the cycle continues; and for short it will be referred to as "structure for energy cycle". With additional features derived from this starting point, the IMFBC-centered "live" process spontaneously evolved into more complex living organisms with the characteristics currently known.     

球蛛科志评介

The two volumes by Fauna Sinica on Araneidae and Theridiidae are the most important volumeson arachnids published in 1998. Three hundred and fifty pages of the Theridiid volume are in Chinese,65 pages in English. The English part includes the diagnosis and measurements of the new species,keys for genera and species and an index. The volume is just as easy to work with for English speakingbiologists as for Chinese. Critical are the 230 superb illustrations. Each one is composed of illustra-     

Frontier of therapeutic antibody discovery:The challenges and how to face them

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies have become an important class of modern medicines.The established technologies for therapeutic antibody discovery such as humanization of mouse antibodies,phage display of human antibody libraries and transgenic animals harboring human IgG genes have been practiced successfully so far,and many incremental improvements are being made constantly.These methodologies are responsible for currently marketed therapeutic antibodies and for the biopharma industry pipeline which are concentrated on only a few dozen targets.A key challenge for wider application of biotherapeutic approaches is the paucity of truly validated targets for biotherapeutic intervention.The efforts to expand the target space include taking the pathway approach to study the disease correlation.Since many new targets are multi-spanning and multimeric membrane proteins there is a need to develop more effective methods to generate antibodies against these difficult targets.The pharmaceutical properties of therapeutic antibodies are an active area for study concentrating on biophysical characteristics such as thermal stability and aggregation propensity.The immunogenicity of biotherapeutics in humans is a very complex issue and there are no truly predictive animal models to rely on.The in silico and T-cell response approaches identify the potential for immunogenicity;however,one needs contingency plans for emergence of antiproduct antibody response for clinical trials.     

1-(3-Aminopropyl)-3-butylimidazolium bromide for carboxyl group derivatization: potential applications in high sensitivity peptide identification by mass spectrometry

The cationic reagent 1-(3-aminopropyl)-3-butylimidazolium bromide(BAPI) was exploited for the derivatization of carboxyl groups on peptides.Nearly 100% derivatization efficiency was achieved with the synthetic peptide RVYVHPI(RI-7).Furthermore,the peptide derivative was stable in a 0.1% TFA/water solution or a 0.1%(v/v) TFA/acetonitrile/water solution for at least one week.The effect of BAPI derivatization on the ionization of the peptide RI-7 was further investigated,and the detection sensitivity was improved >42-fold via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS),thus outperforming the commercial piperazine derivatization approach.Moreover,the charge states of the peptide were largely increased via BAPI derivatization by electrospray ionization(ESI) MS.The results indicate the potential merits of BAPI derivatization for high sensitivity peptide analysis by MS.     

秦岭火地塘林场蝎蛉科区系研究(长翅目)

Nine species of Panorpa Linn. and one of Neopanorpa Weele were recorded from Huoditang Forest Farm in Qinling Mountains. Among them, Neopanorpa longiprocessa Hua et Chou was reported from Shaanxi for the first time; Panorpa decolorata Chou et Wang and Panorpa reni Chou were redescribed on basis of male, and Panorpa chengi Chou was redescribed on basis of female. A key to the species was provided. The habitats and biology of all the species are outlined.     

The Characterization and Geographical Distribution of the Genes Responsible for Vernalization Requirement in Chinese Bread Wheat

The frequency and distribution of the major vernalization requirement genes and their effects on growth habits were studied. Of the 551 bread wheat genotypes tested, seven allelic combinations of the three Vrn-1 genes were found to be responsible for the spring habit, three for the facultative habit and one for the winter habit. The three Vrn-1 genes behaved additiveiy with the dominant allele of Vrn-A1 exerting the strongest effect. The allele combinations of the facultative genotypes and the discovery of spring genotypes with ＂winter＂ allele of Vrn-1 implied the presence of as yet unidentified alleles/genes for vernalization response. The dominant alleles of the three Vrn-1 genes were found in all ten ecological regions where wheat is cultivated in China, with Vrn-D1 as the most common allele in nine and Vrn-A1 in one. The combination of vrn-A1vrn-B1Vrn-D1 was the predominant genotype in seven of the regions. Compared with landraces, improved varieties contain a higher proportion of the spring type. This was attributed by a higher frequency of the dominant Vrn-A1 and Vrn-B1 alleles in the latter, Correlations between Vrn-1 allelic constitutions and heading date, spike length, plant type as well as cold tolerance were established.     

圣海伦斯火山和高山植被

 Mt. St. Helens is an active volcano on the western flank of the Cascade: range in the southwestern Washington State, USA. It is located at lat. 46˚00′—46˚30′N, long 121˚52′—122˚40′W.We had investigated the alpine vegetation at Pine Creek, Butte Camp on Mt. St. Helens for three times, totaling ten days during August and eptember of 1983.The volcano had erupted sending out much pyroclastic, pumice and lava, which devdstated the vegetation around the crater. They not only mechanically destroyed plants tissue, but also buried entirely or partly of the plants.The radiant heat from the volcanic eruption caused the melting of ice and snow, creating huge mudflows, which estroyed and buried vegetation. The high temperture from direct radiant heat incinerated and scorched all the plants. On the other hand, the higher the elevation is, the stronger the wind and the lower the temperture; also snow was present on the alpine range, and this provided a lee for plants, and consequently some plants survived, and new ones row out of the ground. The alpine vegetation on Mt. St. Helens bears both the characteristic of alpine plants and the brand of volcanic activities: vegetation is sparse, species composition of plants limited, structure of community simple, production low and vegetation propagation being the main type of vegetative reproduction.The different types of lpine vegetation grow in different habitats: The community of Luekea pectinata grow in places covered by ice and snow; the community of Polygonum newberryi, Eriogonum pyroleafolium in localities covered by mudflow; the community of Phyllodace empetriformis on slopes of steep rocks and the community of grasses and sedges on low hills and plains. Hese are the four main communities on Mt. St. Helens. The recovery and succession of the alpine vegetation has been discussed. There are two types of succession, the primary and the secodary, with the secondary being the main one.Finally, the paper has analysed the reason why no forest occurs, on Mt. St. Helens. We think that it is a result of the ctive period of the volcano and that the climate conditions are favouable for forest. Also, we have suggested that some herbaceous plants be sown as soon as possible for they can accelerate the recovery of vegetation, and prevent the runoff of soil and water.     

Biological Jumping Mechanism Analysis and Modeling for Frog Robot

This paper presents a mechanical model of jumping robot based on the biological mechanism analysis of frog. By biological observation and kinematic analysis the frog jump is divided into take-offphase, aerial phase and landing phase. We find the similar trajectories of hindlimb joints during jump, the important effect of foot during take-off and the role of forelimb in supporting the body. Based on the observation, the frog jump is simplified and a mechanical model is put forward. The robot leg is represented by a 4-bar spring/linkage mechanism model, which has three Degrees of Freedom （DOF） at hip joint and one DOF （passive） at tarsometatarsal joint on the foot. The shoulder and elbow joints each has one DOF for the balancing function of arm. The ground reaction force of the model is analyzed and compared with that of frog during take-off. The results show that the model has the same advantages of low likelihood of premature lift-off and high efficiency as the frog. Analysis results and the model can be employed to develop and control a robot capable of mimicking the jumping behavior of frog.     

Genetic analysis of morphological index and its related taxonomic traits for classification of indica/japonica rice

A doubled haploid population derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17 F1, a typical indica and japonica hybrid, was used in this study. Morphological index and its related taxonomic traits were investigated in 121 DH lines. The quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for morphological index and its related taxonomic traits were analyzed. Two major QTLs for leaf hairiness, three QTLs for length/width of grain, one QTL for color of hull when heading, one QTL for hairiness of hull, two QTLs for length of the first and second panicle internode, and one major QTL and two QTLs for phenol reaction were detected. Four QTLs for morphological index were also identified on chromosomes 1, 3, 4 and 6, respectively, three of which on chromosomes 1, 3 and 6, respectively, were found to be located in the same chromosome regions where some QTLs for the related taxonomic traits were located.