丁香苷抗炎镇痛作用及部分机制研究

研究丁香苷抗炎镇痛作用及部分机制。以阿司匹林作阳性对照药,观察丁香苷对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增加、角叉菜胶致大鼠足趾肿胀、棉球致大鼠肉芽肿的抗炎作用;对小鼠热板试验、醋酸扭体试验的镇痛作用;同时测定角叉菜胶致大鼠炎足炎性渗出物中的PGE2、MDA和血清中的NO、SOD,初步探讨丁香苷抗炎镇痛的部分机制。结果表明,丁香苷对急慢性炎症反应有明显抑制作用,能明显降低角叉菜胶致炎足炎性渗出物中PGE2、MDA和血清中NO含量,明显增加血清中SOD的活性。因此,丁香苷具有较强的抗炎镇痛作用,其机制可能与抑制PGE2、NO等炎症介质生成、增强自由基清除能力有关。     

Adiponectin Promotes Macrophage Polarization toward an Anti-inflammatory Phenotype

It is established that the adipocyte-derived cytokine adiponectin protects against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, but the effect of this adipokine on macrophage polarization, an important mediator of disease progression, has never been assessed. We hypothesized that adiponectin modulates macrophage polarization from that resembling a classically activated M1 phenotype to that resembling alternatively-activated M2 cells. Peritoneal macrophages and the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells of adipose tissue isolated from adiponectin knock-out mice displayed increased M1 markers, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and decreased M2 markers, including arginase-1, macrophage galactose N-acetyl-galactosamine specific lectin-1, and interleukin-10. The systemic delivery of adenovirus expressing adiponectin significantly augmented arginase-1 expression in peritoneal macrophages and SVF cells in both wild-type and adiponectin knock-out mice. In culture, the treatment of macrophages with recombinant adiponectin protein led to an increase in the levels of M2 markers and a reduction of reactive oxygen species and reactive oxygen species-related gene expression. Adiponectin also stimulated the expression of M2 markers and attenuated the expression of M1 markers in human monocyte-derived macrophages and SVF cells isolated from human adipose tissue. These data show that adiponectin functions as a regulator of macrophage polarization, and they indicate that conditions of high adiponectin expression may deter metabolic and cardiovascular disease progression by favoring an anti-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages.     

Effect of the SH Group of Myelopeptide MP-3 on Its Macrophage Stimulating Activity

Peptide Leu-Val-Cys-Tyr-Pro-Gln, identical to the bone marrow peptide MP-3, and its Val³and Ser³analogs, lacking SH group, were synthesized by conventional methods of peptide chemistry in solution and, along with the MP-3 S–S-dimerization product, were studied with respect to their effect on the macrophage phagocytic activity. It was shown that the activity was only enhanced by peptide MP-3, which demonstrated the essential role of the SH group in this function. The dimer analog of MP-3, unlike dimer analogs of other monocycteine-containing peptides, glutathione and HP5b, did not exhibit the inhibitory effect.     

植物多糖对巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用

植物多糖是一类广泛存在于植物中具有多种生物学活性的天然大分子物质,对免疫系统的影响普遍认为是通过对天然免疫系统的调节作用,尤其是对巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响. 许多研究表明,植物多糖与巨噬细胞表面多种受体结合启动不同信号途径而发挥生物学作用.本文综述了来源于不同种属的多种植物多糖对巨噬细胞释放活性氧、分泌细胞因子和趋化因子等的免疫调节作用,为新型免疫调节药物的研究开发提供了新的思路.     

Transition Metal Acetylsalicylates and Their Anti-inflammatory Activity

Mononuclear and binuclear transition metal [Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)] acetylsalicylates of the type [M(L) 2], [M(L) 2 Cl 2] and [(M) 2 (L) 4] have been prepared and characterized on the basis of their physical, spectral and analytical data. The complexes have been investigated in an in vivo animal model for anti-inflammatory activity and show a better effect and a more potent action than acetylsalicylic acid.     

CO2超临界萃取金银花挥发油工艺及抗炎活性研究

采用CO2超临界萃取的方法从金银花中提取挥发油,用小鼠耳肿胀模型对其提取物进行抗炎实验。通过正交试验设计CO2超临界萃取得到最佳提取工艺条件是:温度35℃、压力12 MPa,CO2流量4.0 kg/h,时间1.5h,其得率为1.08%,是共水蒸馏法得率的43.2倍。小鼠耳肿胀模型进行抗炎实验表明,无论是局部给药还是灌胃给药CO2-SFE金银花挥发油均有显著抗炎活性。优选得到的工艺简单、稳定、可行且提取物抗炎效果好。     

齐墩果醇-龙胆三糖苷雌激素样作用及其对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的影响

肝癌目前已经成为世界第三大癌症,临床数据显示雌激素及其受体与肝癌关系密切.苯并呋喃类化合物有报道具有雌激素样作用.所以,作为苯并呋喃的一种,研究齐墩果醇-龙胆三糖苷雌激素样作用及其对HepG2细胞增殖的影响显得尤为重要.在瞬时转染有ERE(雌激素作用元件)报告基因的HepG2中,齐墩果醇-龙胆三糖苷显示了同17β-雌二醇一样激活ERE报告基因的作用;而在瞬时转染有CRE(cAMP 作用元件)报告基因的HepG2中,齐墩果醇-龙胆三糖苷也显示了升高cAMP浓度的作用,进一步提示齐墩果醇-龙胆三糖苷的类雌激素样作用.齐墩果醇-龙胆三糖苷对HepG2细胞增殖实验显示,30 μmol/L浓度时该化合物的雌激素样作用同17β-雌二醇一样有相似的促HepG2细胞增殖作用.     

In-Vitro and In-Silico Anti-inflammatory Activity of Lupeol Isolated from Crateva adansonii and Its Hidden Molecular Mechanism

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - The aim of the present study is to reveal the possible mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of Crateva adansonii leaf extract to...     

巨噬细胞凋亡及其调控

巨噬细胞通过介导和调控自身及其他细胞凋亡而实现其免疫调节和效应细胞功能.引起巨噬细胞凋亡的原因有生物、化学、病理、自身等因素.不仅巨噬细胞自身凋亡和凋亡调控有其特点,更为有趣的是,巨噬细胞可根据需要：介导或抑制自身凋亡;介导或抑制其他细胞凋亡;抑制自身凋亡,介导其他细胞凋亡.这可能是巨噬细胞在免疫调节,特别是肿瘤免疫中发挥重要作用的基础.     

The Macrophage Cholesterol Exporter ABCA1 Functions as an Anti-inflammatory Receptor

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is a cell membrane protein that exports excess cholesterol from cells to apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, the major protein in high density lipoproteins. Genetic studies have shown that ABCA1 protects against cardiovascular disease. The interaction of apoA-I with ABCA1 promotes cholesterol removal and activates signaling molecules, such as Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), that optimize the lipid export activity of ABCA1. Here we show that the ABCA1-mediated activation of JAK2 also activates STAT3, which is independent of the lipid transport function of ABCA1. ABCA1 contains two candidate STAT3 docking sites that are required for the apoA-I/ABCA1/JAK2 activation of STAT3. The interaction of apoA-I with ABCA1-expressing macrophages suppressed the ability of lysopolysaccaride to induce the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, which was reversed by silencing STAT3 or ABCA1. Thus, the apoA-I/ABCA1 pathway in macrophages functions as an anti-inflammatory receptor through activation of JAK2/STAT3. These findings implicate ABCA1 as a direct molecular link between the cardioprotective effects of cholesterol export from arterial macrophages and suppressed inflammation.     

Mechanism for Macrophage Activation against Corynebacterium parvum—Participation of T Cells and Its Lymphokines

It is well known that Corynebacterium parvum activates macrophages to produce tumor necrosis factor (TNF). It is suspected that the activation of macrophages by C. parvum requires T-cell participation. The purpose of this study was to confirm that T cells participate in the activation of macrophages by C. parvum. TNF production in vitro from the spleen cells of BALB/c- + / + mice was abrogated completely by the pre-treatment of spleen cells with anti-Ia antiserum and complement, indicating that Ia+ cells are the source of TNF. TNF production was not elicited at all in BALB/c-nu/nu mice. However, there was an increase in the number of Ia+ cells as well as an increase in the weight of spleen and liver. Supernatant from a culture of spleen cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin-P (a PHA-induced lymphokine) made it possible for BALB/c-nu/nu mice to produce TNF, associated with an induction of Lyt-1⁺ cells and Lyt-2⁺ cells. However, treatment with the lymphokine did not augment the increases of Ia⁺ cells or liver and spleen weights. These results suggest that increasing the number of Ia⁺ cells is not sufficient to bring about TNF production; Ia⁺ cells must also be stimulated by T cells or T-cell lymphokines in order to produce TNF. These results suggest that T cells play an essential role in the activation of Ia⁺ cells against C. parvum.     

荞麦rBTI-2的表达及其对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用

设计一种适合基因工程开发的无标签重组荞麦胰蛋白酶抑制剂rBTI-2,并研究其对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用。构建原核表达载体pExSecI-BTI-2,诱导表达获得可溶性目的蛋白,经Resource~(TM) Q纯化后作用于HL-7702、HepG2、EC9706和QBC-939细胞,MTT检测rBTI-2对其生长的影响,并与前期获得的几种融合蛋白酶抑制剂进行功能比对。结果表明:质粒pEXSecI-BTI-2构建成功,SDS-PAGE分析表明分子量约为7.8 kDa。MTT检测表明rBTI-2对几种肿瘤细胞的生长有明显的抑制作用,而对正常细胞HL-7702作用很小。几种蛋白酶抑制剂对肿瘤细胞的生长均有不同程度的影响,其中rBTI-2对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用要大于融合蛋白酶抑制剂rBTI,这为深入研究BTI诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的分子机制及其应用开发提供了重要基础和研究依据。     

Macrophage Recognition of Thiol-Group Oxidized Cells: Recognition of Carbohydrate Chains by Macrophage Surface Nucleolin as Apoptotic Cells

Three kinds of xylo-oligosaccharides having structures of 3²-β-xylosylxylobiose, 3²-β-xylobiosylxylobiose, and 2²-β-xylobiosylxylobiose were isolated from an enzymatic hydrolysate of hardwood xylan with Streptomyces β-xylanase. The structures suggest that the hardwood xylan has both (1 → 2)- and (1 → 3)-β-d-xylopyranosyl linkages in the structure, and the specificity of Streptomyces β-xylanase toward the stubs is similar to that toward glucuronic acid stubs, but is somewhat different from that toward arabinose and xylosylarabinose stubs.     

双氢青蒿素调控巨噬细胞增殖和迁移的作用研究

目的:探讨双氢青蒿素在体外对小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7的增殖、克隆形成、周期、凋亡和迁移的影响。方法:采用梯度浓度(2.5μg/m L, 5μg/m L, 10μg/m L, 20μg/m L)的双氢青蒿素处理RAW264.7细胞,利用CCK8实验检测双氢青蒿素对巨噬细胞增殖能力的影响,利用克隆形成实验检测双氢青蒿素对RAW264.7细胞克隆形成能力的影响,利用流式细胞术检测双氢青蒿素对RAW264.7细胞周期和凋亡的影响,利用划痕修复实验检测RAW264.7细胞迁移能力。结果:CCK8实验结果显示,双氢青蒿素可以显著抑制RAW264.7巨噬细胞的增殖能力,且抑制效果与双氢青蒿素的浓度呈正相关性。克隆形成实验结果显示,双氢青蒿素可以抑制细胞的克隆形成能力。双氢青蒿素处理使RAW264.7细胞G0/G1期比例显著升高,S期与G2/M期细胞比例显著降低。双氢青蒿素对巨噬细胞凋亡具有诱导作用,且凋亡诱导作用呈现浓度依赖的特性。划痕修复实验结果显示,双氢青蒿素可以显著抑制RAW264.7巨噬细胞的迁移能力。结论:双氢青蒿素可以导致巨噬细胞的细胞周期G0/G1阻滞,并且诱导细胞凋亡,对巨噬细胞增殖和迁移具有抑制作用。     

pEGFP-C2/LAT-ORF3真核表达载体在Vero细胞中的表达特性及其对细胞活性的影响

目的:研究单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(HSV-2)潜伏相关转录体(LAT)开放读码框3(ORF3)的表达特点及其对细胞活性的影响。方法:双酶切和测序验证本实验室构建的HSV-2 LAT ORF3真核表达载体pEGFP-C2/LAT-ORF3的可用性,并将其转染入vero细胞,通过荧光和RT-PCR检验其在细胞中的表达,用MTT法进行细胞活性分析。结果:融合蛋白在细胞核中大量集中,且影响了绿色荧光蛋白在细胞中的分布;重组质粒对Vero细胞没有损伤作用。结论:HSV-2 LAT ORF3可抵消空质粒对细胞的损伤作用;其作用靶点可能主要存在于细胞核中,为阐明HSV-2 LAT ORF3在潜伏复发中的功能提供了实验基础。     

Tn细胞凋亡抑制蛋白(TnIAP)在粉纹夜蛾细胞中的表达和活性研究

在粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)细胞Tn-5B1-4中,高效表达了来自粉纹夜蛾细胞Tn-5B1-4能够抑制细胞凋亡的TnIAP蛋白.聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和免疫印迹分析表明,表达的重组TnIAP只有少部分是可溶性蛋白,大部分以不溶的形式存在.这一结果与以往在昆虫细胞中往往表达出可溶性蛋白不同.活性实验表明,可溶的重组TnIAP能够直接抑制caspase-9酶解Ac-LEHD-AFC的活性,也能抑制caspase-9激活HEK293细胞抽提物酶解Ac-DEVD-AFC的活性.结果进一步证明,昆虫和哺乳动物的细胞凋亡分子机制在进化上是极为保守的.     

The Isolation of Bacterial Polysaccharides with Anti-inflammatory Activity

It was found in the previous paper that wheat gluten polypeptides gave higher molecular weights in SDS-PAGE than in sedimentation equilibrium. To clear the cause of the abnormality of gluten polypeptides in SDS-PAGE, behaviors of the SDS complex of gliadin IV were investigated in comparison with those of the standard proteins. The amount of bound SDS for reduced and alkylated gliadin IV was not different from the value obtained with usual proteins. In accordance with the results of Reynolds et al., the plot of log [η] against log M gave a slope of 1.1, supporting a rodlike structure of the complex. The intrinsic viscosity of the SDS complex of gliadin IV gave a higher value of 0.28 dl/g in comparison with the corresponding value of 0.15 dl/g for the standard proteins. The sedimentation constant was lower in gliadin IV (1.61 S) than in the standard (1.77 S). These facts indicate that the gliadin IV complex has a higher frictional coefficient for its molecular weight of protein, suggesting a more elongated structure than usual. The helix content of the complex of gliadin IV was extremely low (12%). It was suggested that the high proline content of gliadin gives an elongated structure to the SDS complex and this structure causes a low electrophoretic migration mobility and overestimation of molecular weight in SDS-PAGE.     

巨噬细胞替代激活及调控

巨噬细胞作为机体天然免疫系统的重要组成部分,在生物体内发挥多种免疫功能,包括吞噬细菌、病毒等微生物,递呈并处理抗原和参与免疫应答。这些免疫功能的发挥依赖于巨噬细胞的激活。巨噬细胞的激活有多种形式,包括经典激活与替代激活。研究表明,替代激活的巨噬细胞参与了组织修复、血管新生、肿瘤发展侵袭与转移、炎症干预等多种生理病理过程。本文将根据近年来的研究进展,就巨噬细胞替代激活的亚型、分子特征、相关信号转导通路及重要调控分子作一综述。     

狂犬病病毒重组免疫毒素的表达及其生物活性鉴定

将狂犬病病毒中和性单链抗体基因克隆入原核表达载体pET-PE40,经酶切鉴定及序列测定,成功构建了重组免疫毒素原核表达载体。IPTG诱导后目的蛋白获得高效表达,SDS-PAGE分析目的蛋白主要以不溶性包涵体的形式存在于菌体中,表达量占菌体总蛋白的32.29％。包涵体蛋白经体外复性及离子交换色谱柱、疏水作用色谱柱、Sephadex G200凝胶过滤层析柱三步纯化后获得纯度大于96％的目的蛋白,间接免疫荧光染色检测表明重组免疫毒素与狂犬病病毒感染细胞具有抗原结合活性,MTT试验显示,重组免疫毒素对狂犬病病毒感染细胞具有明显的杀伤作用,而对正常细胞无杀伤作用。