面部念珠菌性肉芽肿1例

报道1例面部皮肤念珠菌性肉芽肿.患者女,14岁,口角糜烂10 a,面部散在斑块、结痂6 a.表现为面部大小不等圆形暗红色斑块,表面见黄褐色厚痂.额部皮损真菌镜检见大量菌丝,真菌培养鉴定为白念珠菌.组织病理见真皮浅中层弥漫性淋巴细胞、少量中性粒细胞浸润,并见多核巨细胞.PAS染色示角质层及痂皮内见大量菌丝,真皮多核巨细胞内见孢子.诊断为念珠菌性肉芽肿.给予灰黄霉素治疗2个月、卡介菌多糖核酸治疗6个月、伊曲康唑治疗7个月后,皮损减少,面部痂皮大部分脱落,目前仍在治疗中.     

1例热带念珠菌脓肿误诊分析

报告1例热带念珠菌引起的腹腔脓肿瘘管真菌感染。患者女,78岁,因十二指肠球部穿孔并发腹膜炎,行腹腔镜术,术后伤口反复未完全愈合,有少量分泌物溢出。发现腹壁瘘管及腹腔脓肿入院,两次细菌培养均无菌生长,再次取分泌物直接镜检阳性,真菌培养鉴定为热带念珠菌。手术清理组织,病理示感染性肉芽肿改变,查见大量假菌丝及孢子。经口服伊曲康唑和两性霉素B溶液纱条引流治疗3个月后基本痊愈。     

近平滑念珠菌性皮肤肉芽肿1例

<正>1临床资料患者男,59岁,"右手腕皮疹3a余,右上臂皮下结节3个月",于2014年4月就诊我院我科门诊。皮疹初起于右手腕伸侧,无明显外伤史,初起为一枚红色绿豆大丘疹,皮疹逐渐增多并融合,无明显痒痛,挤压可有黄色分泌物渗出。外院诊疗不详,无明显好转。就诊前3个月右上臂内侧出现皮下肿物,无压痛。既往体质可,高血压病史,血压控制可。查体:系统检查无特殊,右手腕伸侧见5cm×6cm大小红斑,上见多发大小不一红色斑块,表     

院内热带念珠菌分离率与耐药性分析

临床上白念珠菌在分离真菌中居于首位,但近年来非白念珠菌的感染率呈上升趋势[1],热带念珠菌常见条件致病性真菌之一[2],尤以广谱抗生素滥用、长期住院患者中多见,因此,了解热带念珠菌的分布及药敏性,可为临床防治热带念珠菌感染提供参考。     

白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌对人肺上皮细胞的粘附作用及其差异性比较

目的探讨白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌对人肺上皮细胞的粘附作用及其差异性.方法将白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌临床分离株在体外与人肺上皮细胞共同作用,经革兰染色后,在倒置显微镜下观察念珠菌对肺上皮细胞的粘附数.结果念珠菌粘附的肺上皮细胞与浓度和时间有依赖关系.菌液浓度在5×103CFU/ml至5×107CFU/ml范围内,念珠菌对肺上皮细胞的粘附作用随念珠菌浓度的增加而增强.白色念珠菌对肺上皮细胞的粘附数比热带念珠菌的粘附数要高.来自痰、尿标本的同一种念珠菌对人肺上皮细胞的粘附数无明显差异.结论念珠菌对人肺上皮细胞的粘附是一种特异性的粘附,临床标本来源的白色念珠菌粘附宿主细胞的能力比热带念珠菌强.     

坏疽性脓皮病伴念珠菌性肉芽肿1例

报告坏疽性脓皮病伴念珠菌性肉芽肿1例。患者男性,59岁。双下肢反复发作溃疡增生性皮疹19个月。组织病理示坏疽性脓皮病,糖皮质激素治疗后皮损好转。病程中右侧小腿皮损再次溃疡增生,取组织进行真菌培养,鉴定为白念珠菌。口服氟康唑抗真菌,同时服用泼尼松片控制坏疽性脓皮病。治疗2个月,患者右小腿溃疡愈合,增生物消退。     

侵袭性热带念珠菌感染流行病学及药物敏感性

全球范围内,随着抗肿瘤药物、免疫抑制剂和广谱抗菌药物的使用,真菌感染的发病率显著提高,其中念珠菌感染占到绝大多数。目前热带念珠菌已经成为非白念珠菌中最常见的病原菌。我国热带念珠菌的临床分离率及对氟康唑及伏立康唑的耐药率都明显高于世界平均水平。但是,相比于白念珠菌,关于热带念珠菌的研究及相关临床信息相对较少。该文就侵袭性热带念珠菌感染危险因素、流行病学以及药物敏感性进行全面的综述。     

热带念珠菌耐药机制的研究进展

<正>侵袭性念珠菌病(invasive candidiasis)是院内血流感染的第4大原因^[1]。近年来由热带念珠菌(Candida tropicalis)引起的各类疾病如侵袭性全身感染和败血症病例不断增加,在一些免疫功能低下的患者中还会导致高死亡率^[2-3]。除白念珠菌,热带念珠菌已成为侵袭性真菌感染的一大病原真菌^[4]。热带念珠菌是条件致病菌,在自然界广泛存在,也可寄居在人体皮肤、阴道、口腔、消化道等部位。     

热带念珠菌L型的分离与鉴定

对糖尿病和急性粒细胞性白血病患者清洁中段晨尿进行血平板培养,未检有细菌及真菌生长。尿液直接镜检,见有似念珠菌的膨大菌体,经沙氏高渗增菌培养,分离出热带念珠菌１。型。对其培养特性、菌落形态、菌体染色、生理生化特证、返祖、对动物致病力及药物敏感性等作了初步探讨。结果指出,泌尿道Ｌ型培养不仅可以提高检出阳性率,也可指导临床选择药物提高疗效。     

热带念珠菌所致血流感染的临床及实验室分析CSCD

目的通过对热带念珠菌所致血流感染的临床特征及实验室检查结果进行分析,为临床预防及诊治提供一定的参考依据。方法收集2018年1月至2020年12月四川大学华西医院热带念珠菌血流感染患者的临床资料,回顾性统计分析患者的临床特征及实验室检查结果等。结果27例热带念珠菌血流感染患者均有基础疾病且伴有2种及以上危险因素,(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖试验对辅助诊断热带念珠菌血流感染有很好的灵敏度,其余炎性指标如超敏C反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞介素-6均有不同程度增高;27株热带念珠菌对唑类抗真菌药物的敏感率依次为伊曲康唑(77.8%)、伏立康唑(48.2%)、氟康唑(48.2%)、泊沙康唑(37.0%),对两性霉素B、卡泊芬净、米卡芬净敏感率均是100%。结论热带念珠菌血流感染常发生于有基础疾病且合并多种危险因素的患者,针对临床高危患者,应及时完善实验室检查以明确诊断;热带念珠菌对唑类药物的敏感性较差,临床治疗时应重视药敏结果、合理用药、及时控制患者症状。     

Interspecific hybridisation between Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis

Abstract Protoplasts from auxotrophic mutants of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis were produced by snail enzyme treatment and their fusion was induced with polyethylene glycol (PEG). During selective regeneration, nutritionally complemented interspecific hybrids were obtained. Their cells contained one nucleus, and the DNA content per cell was higher than in the parents. The isoenzymic and sugar assimilation patterns of the mutants, and those of the hybrids and the products after their haploidisation, were also analysed. The results indicated that the hybrids were partial alloploids containing the total chromosomal set of either of the parental species and one or a few chromosomes of the other.     

Production of xylitol from D-xylose by Candida tropicalis: optimization of production rate

The effect of culture conditions on xylitol production rate was investigated using Candida tropicalis IFO 0618. From the variance analysis of xylitol production rate, it was found that initial yeast extract concentration was highly significant (99%), while the interaction between D-xylose concentration and aeration rate was significant (95%). These results show the importance of initial yeast extract concentration and of the balance between D-xylose concentration and aeration in the production of xylitol. It was also clearly shown that C. tropicalis needed more yeast extract concentration for efficient xylitol production than for its growth. In order to enhance xylitol production rate, culture conditions were optimized by the Box-Wilson method. In this respect, initial D-xylose concentration, yeast extract concentration, and K(L)a were chosen as the independent factors in 2(3)-factorial experimental design. As the result of experiments, a maximum xylitol production rate of 2.67 g/L . h was obtained when initial D-xylose concentration and yeast extract concentration were 172.0 and 21.0 g/L, respectively, and K(L)a was 451.50 h(-1) by 90% oxygen gas. (c) 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

热带假丝酵母不同培养条件下丝化的研究

研究了热带假丝酵母在不同培养条件下的丝化情况,实验中发现丝化率与菌体生长有着密切关系,对数期中后期丝化率处于低谷,稳定期早期丝化率达到最高。在液体培养条件下丝化率随着生长曲线呈“W”型波动;固体培养条件下丝化率随着生长曲线变化分为：持续增长型,“W”型,平缓“N”型。丝化率因培养基不同而有较大差异,不同培养基中丝化率最大能差近60％,其中以麦芽汁平板上的平均丝化率最高,稳定期平均丝化率达到了82％,液体YPD中最低。丝化率随时间变化幅度大小也因培养基而异。     

Optimization of fed-batch fermentation for xylitol production by Candida tropicalis

Xylitol, a functional sweetener, was produced from xylose by biological conversion using Candida tropicalis ATCC 13803. Based on a two-substrate fermentation using glucose for cell growth and xylose for xylitol production, fed-batch fermentations were undertaken to increase the final xylitol concentration. The effects of xylose and xylitol on xylitol production rate were studied to determine the optimum concentrations for fed-batch fermentation. Xylose concentration in the medium (100 g l⁻¹) and less than 200 g l⁻¹ total xylose plus xylitol concentration were determined as optimum for maximum xylitol production rate and xylitol yield. Increasing the concentrations of xylose and xylitol decreased the rate and yield of xylitol production and the specific cell growth rate, probably because of an increase in osmotic stress that would interfere with xylose transport, xylitol flux to secretion to cell metabolism. The feeding rate of xylose solution during the fed-batch mode of operation was determined by using the mass balance equations and kinetic parameters involved in the equations in order to increase final xylitol concentration without affecting xylitol and productivity. The optimized fed-batch fermentation resulted in 187 g l⁻¹ xylitol concentration, 0.75 g xylitol g xylose⁻¹ xylitol yield and 3.9 g xylitol l⁻¹ h⁻¹ volumetric productivity. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2002) 29, 16–19 doi:10.1038/sj.jim.7000257 Received 15 October 2001/ Accepted in revised form 30 March 2002     

Quantification of thigmotropism (contact sensing) of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis

To quantify the thigmotropism, we adapted the our previous method using a chemotaxifilter system in combination with a bioluminescent adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay based on firefly luciferase-luciferin system and analyzed the relationship between the ability of germ tube formation and thigmotropism of C. albicans and C. tropicalis. Both the ability to form germ tube and the amount of hyphae exhibiting thigmotropism varied depending upon both the species and strains of Candida. C. albicans formed more germ tubes than C. tropicalis. A good correlation was observed between the ability to form a germ tube and the capacity for thigmotropism, and the results gave a level of significance (p<0.05). Further, SEM observation revealed that relatively long hyphae of C. tropicalis with penetrated through the pores of filter membrane. This phenomenon may be of importance in the development of pathogenesis of C. tropicalis as well as C. albicans. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

一株耐高盐热带假丝酵母菌降解苯酚的研究

从含酚废水处理池污泥中驯化分离得到一株能以苯酚为唯一碳源的菌株FD-1。经18SrDNA和ITS序列的BLAST比对及系统发育分析,鉴定FD-1为热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)的近缘种。FD-1对苯酚的降解能力较强,能够完全降解浓度为1 000mg·L-1的苯酚溶液。初步确定了FD-1在降解苯酚溶液时的最适温度为30~35℃,pH为6.0~7.0,并且通过探讨加入无机盐、培养基原料以及改变接种量三个因素对苯酚降解的影响,其耐受盐的浓度可达5%,对实践中应用微生物降解含酚废水具有积极的意义。     

Role of Sophorolipid Biosurfactant in Degradation of Diesel Oil by Candida tropicalis

The yeast Candida tropicalis, isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil in India, was found to be the potent producer of biosurfactant in mineral salt media containing diesel oil as the carbon source and found to be an efficient degrader of diesel oil (98%) over a period of 10 days. The crude biosurfactant decreased the surface tension of cell-free broth, 78 to 30 mN/m, with a large oil displacement area and highly positive drop collapse test. The crude biosurfactant was purified using silica gel column chromatography followed by dialysis. With the use of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, in combination with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, chemical structures of the purified biosurfactant was identified as sophorolipid species. Involvement of biosurfactant in physiological mechanism of diesel adsorption on yeast cell surface was characterized based on zeta potential. When diesel oil was emulsified with biosurfactant, the surface charge of the diesel was modified, resulting in more adsorption of diesel on yeast cell surface. Biosurfactant production by yeast species was monitored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and found that yeast species could form thick mat of mucilaginous biosurfactant that could interconnect the individual cells. Uptake of diesel oil by C. tropicalis was elucidated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Interestingly, it was observed that internalization of diesel oil droplet was taking place, suggesting a mechanism similar in appearance to active pinocytosis.