体内表达新基因trag在猪链球菌的分布及其免疫反应性分析

【目的】trag(transfer gene G)是利用IVIAT(in vivo induced antigen technology)通量筛选鉴定的猪链球菌2型（Streptococcus suis type 2,SS2）感染相关因子,研究该基因在猪链球菌（Streptococcus suis,SS）中的分布情况,研究康复血清与免疫血清在免疫印迹中的反应性有无,间接证明其在体内感染与体外培养时表达差异。【方法】鉴于我国分离株trag与GenBank公布的SS2北美株89/1591的trag序列有95.8%的同源性,据此设计和合成一对检测引物,对SS2我国江苏及四川流行株、其他临床分离株和参考株及SS1、SS1/2、SS9、SS7及C群猪源链球菌共43株进行PCR扩增。另设计一对引物,扩增5株SS代表菌株trag的完整阅读框,并对扩增产物进行测序。据软件分析后,选择TRAG(Transfer protein G?)免疫原性良好的区域片段的核酸设计表达引物,PCR扩增后定向克隆至表达载体pET28a(+)构建表达质粒,表达蛋白转印到PVDF膜上,分别与SS2猪康复血清和猪高免血清反应。【结果】trag在SS2中94%(30/32)阳性,SS9中67%(4/6)阳性,SS7阳性,SS1、SS1/2及C群菌阴性。5株细菌TRAG的氨基酸序列与SS2中国株98HAH33、05ZYH33及北美株89/1591同源性>97%。所获得重组蛋白只能被康复血清识别。【结论】从SS 致病株中检出感染相关基因trag,提示该基因可能与SS 致病性有关,重组蛋白的免疫转印结果表明,TRAG可能与SS2体内感染相关。     

V型分泌系统(T5SS)在禽致病性大肠杆菌中的分布及流行情况

【背景】禽致病性大肠杆菌(Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC)可引起禽的大肠杆菌病,严重危害养禽业。V型分泌系统(Type V secretion system,T5SS)在APEC感染过程中发挥重要作用。【目的】分析不同致病型大肠杆菌的T5SS在APEC中的分布规律,探讨T5SS与APEC的大肠杆菌进化分群及其他毒力因子的关联性。【方法】根据大肠杆菌的15个T5SS序列设计特异性引物,采用PCR检测T5SS在APEC临床分离株中的分布;分析APEC菌株的系统进化分群及毒力因子分布,探讨T5SS分布和APEC系统进化分群及毒力因子的相关性。【结果】T5SS在APEC临床分离株中广泛分布,其中ydeK和pplfP的分布率最高,分别为98.55%和92.03%;而upaC和pic的分布率均低于10%。系统进化分群结果显示,APEC主要属于A、B1和D进化分群,B2群较少;T5SS分布和进化分群分析发现ehaA、ehaB、pic、vat在D进化分群APEC菌株中分布率较高,而ehaG、ag43/flu、apaC主要分布于A及B1群APEC中。然而,T5SS和APEC其他毒力基因分布无明显的关联性。【结论】T5SS广泛存在于APEC分离株中,且部分T5SS分布与大肠杆菌系统进化分群存在关联性。     

食源性变形杆菌簇致病菌的检测

为建立食源性变形杆菌簇致病菌的检测方法,对富集培养基、选择性平板分离培养基和生化特性进行了筛选比较。结果表明,肠杆菌富集肉汤培养基更有利于变形杆菌簇致病菌的检出,平板分离培养基可用EMB琼脂培养基和SS琼脂培养基(或麦康凯琼脂培养基),初筛方法为革兰氏反应和苯丙氨酸脱氨酶实验,最后用其他生化反应进行确认。该方法检出率高,检测范围较宽,可为建立变形杆菌簇致病菌的检验标准提供实验依据。     

猪链球菌2型可能的毒力基因的发现

猪链球菌2型(SS2)感染已成为影响全世界养猪业的重要问题之一。SS2菌株可分为毒力株、弱毒力株和无毒力株,但目前尚无区分此3类菌株的快速、有效的检测方法。为了获得毒力株特异的基因序列,对毒力株HA9801及无毒力株12^#进行了抑制性差减杂交(SSH)实验,获得了5个可能的新的毒力基因片段,分别是转录调节子、氨基酸通透酶、ABC转运子及表面锚定蛋白,在国内外尚属首次报道。这一发现将有助于区分SS2型菌株的毒力类型,并为SS2毒力株检测方法的建立奠定基础。     

食品中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂检测方法研究进展

塑化剂作为一种加工助剂,可增加聚合物的可塑性,目前已被广泛应用于化工、医药、日用品和食品包装等各领域。邻苯二甲酸酯是最常用的一种塑化剂,其可在生产、流通等过程中迁移到食品内部,对人体造成不可逆伤害。总结了食品中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂检测的前处理方法及传统检测方法的原理、优缺点及适用性,并按照输出信号种类不同分类,综述了几种邻苯二甲酸酯快速检测方法的原理、特点和应用,总结和比较了几种快速检测方法的优缺点,并对其发展方向进行展望,以期为塑化剂检测方法的研究和开发新型快速的检测方法提供参考思路。     

结核分枝杆菌诊断技术研究进展

近年来,结核病的诊断方法逐渐得到完善,将传统细菌学检验方法、免疫学方法和分子生物学的方法相结合,加速了对结核病的诊断研究。特别是分子生物学技术的发展,对于阐明分枝杆菌和结核分枝杆菌的遗传变异规律及分子进化等都有重要的意义。我们结合近年来结核分枝杆菌诊断在免疫学检测、PCR技术、基因技术等方面的进步,从细菌学检测、免疫学检测、分子生物学检测等3个方面做简要综述。     

vcrV基因对副溶血弧菌生物学特性及III型分泌系统1效应蛋白易位的影响

【背景】副溶血弧菌(Vibrioparahaemolyticus)具有两套III型分泌系统(typeIIIsecretion system,T3SS)。T3SS1通过向宿主细胞分泌效应蛋白发挥致病作用,vcrV基因位于T3SS1编码基因簇。【目的】以vcrV基因为研究对象,探索其对副溶血弧菌生物学特性及T3SS1致病机制的影响。【方法】以副溶血弧菌POR-1株为参考菌株,利用同源重组技术构建vcrV基因缺失株ΔvcrV和回补株CΔvcrV,比较各菌株在生长性能、生物被膜形成能力、细胞黏附及细胞毒性等生物学特性的差异,应用Western Blot检测T3SS1诱导条件下POR-1、ΔvcrV和CΔvcrV等菌株效应蛋白分泌量,进一步利用具有过表达载体pMMB207-vp1683-CyaA的各菌株侵染HeLa细胞,通过Western Blot检测细胞内效应蛋白VopR(Vp1683)的易位量。【结果】与基础菌株POR-1相比,缺失vcrV基因不影响副溶血弧菌的生长性能、生物被膜形成能力及细胞黏附等生物学特性,显著降低了对HeLa细胞的毒性作用,具有过表达载体的POR-1、ΔvcrV和CΔv...     

重金属残留的快速检测

环境及农畜产品中的重金属残留已对人类安全构成严重威胁,急需快速、高效的重金属残留检测方法。该文总结了国内外有关采用生物、化学传感器、免疫学方法等快速检测环境及农畜产品中重金属残留的研究进展,并对其发展前景及市场化作了预测及展望。     

核酸试纸条检测方法研究进展*

凝胶电泳、实时荧光PCR等常规核酸检测方法存在操作繁琐、设备昂贵、反应时间长等局限性。随着核酸检测市场规模的大幅提升,常规检测方法已无法满足临床诊断、检验检疫的需求。核酸试纸条(nucleic acid detection strip,NADS)是一种新兴的核酸检测方法,具有灵敏度高、操作便捷、结果可视化、成本低且耗时短等优势,在基础研究与临床诊断等领域受到广泛关注。综述近年来NADS的检测方法及研究进展,系统总结该技术的原理、应用及临床潜在转化价值,以期为NADS的进一步开发、利用提供借鉴。     

应用荧光分析法检测酶的研究进展

酶是细胞新陈代谢的基础,酶的检测在生物技术、疾病诊断及药物开发等领域都具有十分重要的意义。在检测酶的诸多方法中,荧光法因其灵敏度高、检测限低等优势发展迅速。以下简述了近年来荧光法在酶检测领域的研究,根据检测方法的不同分为直接荧光检测法和间接荧光检测法,其中直接检测法又根据不同的底物标记及检测机理进行分类。以下介绍了各种方法的应用,并展望了此类方法的前景和发展趋势,为酶工程及生命科学其他领域的相关研究提供信息。     

Structure-based design,synthesis and biological evaluation of a newer series of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine analogues as potential anti-tubercular agents

In-depth study of structure-based drug designing can provide vital leads for the development of novel, clinically active molecules. In this present study, twenty six novel pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine analogues (6a-6z) were designed using molecular docking studies. The designed molecules were synthesized in good yields. Structural elucidation of the synthesized molecules was carried out using IR, MS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in-vitro anti-tubercular activity against H37Rv strain by Alamar Blue assay method. Most of the synthesized compounds displayed potent anti-tubercular activities. Amongst all the tested compounds 6p, 6g, 6n and 6h exhibited promising anti-tubercular activity. Further, these potent compounds were gauged for MDR-TB, XDR-TB and cytotoxic study. None of these compounds exhibited potent cytotoxicity. Stability of protein ligand complex was further evaluated by molecular dynamics simulation for 10 ns. All these results indicate that the synthesized compounds could be potential leads for further development of new potent anti-tubercular agents.     

分子印迹技术用于生物大分子的识别

分子印迹技术是一种人工合成具有分子识别功能的介质的一种新技术,近年来在许多领域都得到很大的发展。本文介绍了分子印迹技术的发展现状,尤其对生物大分子的分子印迹技术进行了详细论述,对生物大分子印迹采用的功能单体、印迹分子的种类、印迹的方法、印迹的机理、存在的问题和应用的前景等分别进行了讨论。     

From complexation to computation: Recent progress in molecular logic

The new thrusts in molecular logic are gathered together in this short review, while paying attention to the seeds from which these developments have arisen. The original demonstration of a few basic logic operations has now been extended to cover many of the one- and two-input varieties and even some of the three-input types. Many kinds of inputs and outputs have emerged, including various chemical species and some physical properties. The latter can include heat, light and, arguably, polarity. Reconfigurable logic has grown up to include a range of examples. Even superposable logic has proved possible with molecular systems. Numerical processors have flowered in recent years with several diverse approaches being revealed in recent years. Photochemical concepts such as photoinduced electron transfer (PET), internal charge transfer (ICT) and electronic energy transfer (EET) can be discerned among the designs in the field.     

分子标记及其在鸟类分子生态学研究中的应用

分子生态学是一门相当新的分支学科,从前人的研究工作来看,分子标记在这个学科中应用非常广泛,本文描述了RFLP、RAPD、MinisatelliteDNA,MicrosatelliteDNA和AFLP这5个分子标记的优缺点及其在鸟类分子生态学中的应用和研究概况。     

放线菌的分子分类

在放线菌分类学研究中,最初是根据形态特征、生理生化特征等表观分类学特征进行研究。随着分子生物学的飞速发展,放线菌的分类鉴定亦从传统的表型分类进入到各种基因型分类水平。分子分类在放线菌分类研究中起到越来越重要的作用,目前放线菌的分子分类研究主要包括:G Cmol%测定、DNA杂交、核酸结构分析以及DNA指纹图谱分析等方面。     

Ab initio Molecular Electrostatic Potential Grid Maps for Quantitative Similarity Calculations of Organic Compounds

The program MolSim designed to calculate the similarity of different molecules quantitatively in a fast and easy way is described. The molecular similarity is estimated for the molecular shape as well as for the electrostatic potentials of the molecules derived from ab initio calculations. A grid-based method is used to determine the steric and electrostatic similarities between a lead compound and the corresponding test set by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient. The superpositioning of the molecules was accomplished with the SEAL algorithm incorporating a Monte Carlo simulated annealing approach while preserving the conformational flexibility of the calculated structures.The ability of the program was tested on a set of Sandalwood odour compounds, a class of substances that is difficult to analyse with respect to its structure-activity relationship because of the structural diversity of Sandalwood odour compounds, in contrast to their high selectivity and pronounced structural specificity. The application of the program on a small test set of these compounds showed that the program is able to explain the Sandalwood odour activity correctly.Electronic Supplementary Material available.     

The expanding small heat-shock protein family,and structure predictions of the conserved “α-crystallin domain”

The ever-increasing number of proteins identified as belonging to the family of small heat-shock proteins (shsps) and -crystallins enables us to reassess the phylogeny of this ubiquitous protein family. While the prokaryotic and fungal representatives are not properly resolved, most of the plant and animal shsps and related proteins are clearly grouped in distinct clades, reflecting a history of repeated gene duplications. The members of the shsp family are characterized by the presence of a conserved homologous -crystallin domain, which sometimes is present in duplicate. Predictions are made of secondary structure and solvent accessibility of this domain, which together with hydropathy profiles and intron positions support the presence of two similar hydrophobic -sheet-rich motifs, connected by a hydrophilic -helical region. Together with an overview of the newly characterized members of the shsp family, these data help to define this family as being involved as stable structural proteins and as molecular chaperones during normal development and induced under pathological and stressful conditions.Correspondence to: W.W. de Jong     

分子探针在细胞凋亡检测中的研究进展

分子探针应用于细胞凋亡检测具有直观、无创伤和实时动态观察凋亡分子信息的特点,在疾病早期诊断、监测疾病发展进程、评估疾病治疗效果、发展新的治疗方案等方面具有较好的应用前景.综述了近年来靶向细胞凋亡探针的设计、作用机制、应用等相关的研究进展,并根据亲和组件的作用机制对分子探针进行分类介绍.     

分子印迹技术研究新进展

分子印迹技术是在近十几年来才发展起来的一门边缘科学技术。它结合了高分子化学、生物化学等学科 ,是模拟抗体 -抗原相互作用的一种新技术 ,具有选择性识别位点的性质。现已应用于色谱分离、抗体和受体模拟物、固相萃取、生物传感器等领域。