抗TNF-α单链抗体的表达及其纯化

克隆抗人肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)鼠源单抗的可变区基因以构建其单链抗体(ScFv)表达载体,实现在大肠杆菌的表达,并进行ScFv的可溶性纯化与鉴定。采用RT-PCR技术,以前导肽序列的引物从1个分泌抗人TNF-α的鼠单抗杂交瘤细胞系中克隆抗体轻链、重链可变区基因(VL,VH),构建ScFv基因,将ScFv基因片段与pGEX-4T-1表达载体连接,在大肠杆菌中表达并采用十二烷基肌氨酸钠(Sarkosyl)进行可溶性纯化,最后鉴定其生物活性。结果显示,得到了功能性重排的轻、重链可变区基因,分别构建了VH和VL不同连接顺序的HLL(VH-Linker-VL)和LLH(VL-Linker-VH)两种ScFv,LLH的表达量较HLL的高,但亲和力不及HLL。采用Sarkosyl溶解包涵体,对目的蛋白进行可溶性纯化,蛋白纯度达到90%,纯化后的蛋白经ELISA和WB证明ScFv维持了亲本抗体与TNF-α特异性结合的能力,且具有细胞毒中和活性。实验中研究探索了一种新颖的,操作简单,省时的裂解、纯化方案,实现了单链抗体经原核系统的表达后得以可溶性纯化。     

丙型肝炎病毒包膜蛋白E2可溶性单链可变区抗体在大肠杆菌中的表达

利用分子生物学技术,构建表达丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)包膜蛋白E2的人源单链可变区抗体(ScFv)的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌JM109中表达可溶性的HCV-E2-ScFv.以重组的HCVE2蛋白为包被抗原,利用噬菌体抗体库的表面展示技术,筛选到含有HCV-E2-ScFv基因的噬菌体克隆,从噬菌体抗体阳性克隆中提取质粒,经Ncol/NotI酶切鉴定后,该ScFv基因由750bp组成,将其亚克隆到pCANTAB5E载体中,转化大肠杆菌JM109,提取质粒进行DNA序列测定,符合ScFv的基因结构特点.IPTG诱导转化的大肠杆菌JM109,在其培养上清中获得了可溶性HCVE2单链可变区抗体的表达.酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)证实表达的HCV-E2-ScFv具有与重组HCVE2蛋白的反应活性和特异性,对转化的JM109大肠杆菌上清中表述的HCV-E2-ScFv进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE),证实表达的HCV-E2-ScFv的分子量为28kD.为应用HCV-E2-ScFv进行肝组织免疫组织化学和细胞内免疫基因治疗研究奠定了基础.     

抗A型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素单链抗体基因的克隆、表达及其生物学活性(英文)

应用RT PCR技术 ,从分泌具有中和活性的抗A型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素单克隆抗体 (McAb)的杂交瘤细胞株 1A8中 ,分别扩增出抗体VH 和VL 基因 ,用linker (Gly4Ser) 3 基因 ,将VH 和VL 基因连接成单链抗体 (ScFv)基因 ,并将其克隆至pGEM T载体中 .经核苷酸序列分析证实 ,VH 和VL 基因及linker基因拼接正确 ,ScFv 1A8基因全长为 72 6bp ,编码2 4 2个氨基酸 ,VH 和VL 基因符合功能性重排的鼠抗体可变区基因特征 ,分别属于鼠免疫球蛋白重链Ⅱ (A)和轻链κⅣ家簇 .将ScFv 1A8基因克隆至表达载体pHOG2 1中 ,构建了重组质粒pHOG 1A8,然后转化至受体菌XL1 BLUE中 ,得到重组菌株XL1 BLUE (pHOG 1A8) .ELISA检测和SDS PAGE分析表明 :经IPTG诱导后所表达的目的蛋白存在于重组菌株XL1 BLUE (pHOG 1A8)的胞周质中 .经薄层扫描分析 :重组菌株XL1 BLUE(pHOG 1A8)的蛋白表达产物占菌体可溶性蛋白的 1 2 % ,其相对分子量约为 31kD .ScFv的生物学活性研究表明 ,ScFv蛋白不但具有中和磷脂酶C的活性 ,而且还能够对致死性腹腔攻击的小鼠产生良好的被动保护作用     

大肠杆菌表达的单链抗体柱复性的研究

单链抗体(single chain Fv,ScFv)是由抗体重链可变区V_H和轻链可变区V_L通过一段连接肽连接而成的重组蛋白。由于其分子量小,穿透力强,免疫原性低,利于基因工程操作等优点,而具有良好的应用前景。ScFv可在大肠杆菌以包含体形式高效表达,其纯化和复性是大量制备ScFv的重要环节,我们对包含体表达的抗乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)ScFv的纯化     

抗H5N1病毒嵌合IgA抗体基因的构建及其在CHO细胞中的表达

为了表达具有中和活性的抗禽流感H5N1病毒人-鼠嵌合IgA抗体,采用RT-PCR法克隆具有中和活性的抗禽流感H5N1-HA鼠源单克隆抗体的轻重链可变区基因及相应的信号肽编码序列,分别与人免疫球蛋白IgA2重链恒定区、Kappa恒定区基因拼接,构建表达质粒pEF-IGHA9和pEF-IGK9,共转染二氢叶酸还原酶缺陷型CHO(CHO-dhfr-)细胞,用ELISA检测培养上清中嵌合IgA抗体的表达,对纯化的嵌合抗体进行SDS-PAGE、Western blotting印迹分析。结果成功地在CHO细胞中表达了抗禽流感H5N1病毒人-鼠嵌合IgA抗体,为制备抗H5N1重组分泌型IgA预防性抗体制剂奠定了良好的基础。     

丙型肝炎病毒包膜蛋白E2可溶性单链可变区抗体在大肠杆菌中的表达

利用分子生物学技术,构建表达丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）包膜蛋白E2的人源单链可变区抗体（ScFv)的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌JM109中表达可溶性的HCV－E2－ScFv。以重组的HCV E2蛋白为包被抗原,利用噬菌体抗体库的表面展示技术,筛选含有HCV－E2－ScFv基因的噬菌体克隆,从噬菌体抗体阳性克隆中提取质粒,经Ncol/NotⅠ酶切鉴定后,该ScFv基因由750bp组成,将菜亚克隆到pCANTAB5E载体中,转化大肠杆菌JM109,在其培养上清中获得了可溶性HCV E2单链可变区抗体的表达。酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）证实表达的HCV－E2－ScFv进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）,证实表达的HCV－E2－ScFv的分子量为28KD,为应用HCV－E2－ScFv进行肝组织免疫组织化学和细胞内免疫基因治疗研究奠定了基础。     

大肠杆菌FtsZ蛋白原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为制备特异性抗大肠杆菌丝状热敏蛋白Z(Escherichia coli filamentous thermosensitive protein Z,Ec-FtsZ)多克隆抗体,将Ec-FtsZ基因进行化学合成后连接pET-22b(+)表达载体,构建重组质粒Ec-FtsZ-pET-22b(+)。将重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(DE3)中进行Ec-FtsZ原核表达与表达条件优化,以HisTrap层析柱进行Ec-FtsZ的分离纯化,再以孔雀绿法进行Ec-FtsZ GTPase(Guanosine triphosphatase)活性测定。使用纯化的Ec-FtsZ为抗原免疫大鼠制备多克隆抗体,经酶联免疫吸附测定实验(Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)、Western blotting实验和免疫荧光实验鉴定,抗Ec-FtsZ多克隆抗体效价可达1∶256 000且具有良好的抗原特异性。抗Ec-FtsZ多克隆抗体的成功制备为Ec-FtsZ生物学功能研究和生化检测奠定了实验基础。     

重组抗A型肉毒毒素人鼠嵌合单克隆抗体的瞬时表达及中和活性研究

为了制备重组抗A型肉毒毒素(botulinum neurotoxin A,BoNT/A)人鼠嵌合单克隆抗体并分析中和活性,以BoNT/A作为抗原筛选鼠源抗BoNT/A噬菌体单链抗体库,将筛选得到的鼠源抗BoNT/A特异性单链抗体的重链和轻链可变区分别克隆到pGP5KCγ和pGP5KCκ载体构建表达质粒。表达质粒共转染HEK-293EBNA1细胞,瞬时表达抗BoNT/A人鼠嵌合单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody,mAb)。蛋白A亲和纯化mAb,分子排阻高效液相色谱(size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography,SEC-HPLC)分析mAb纯度,小鼠中和试验评价mAb中和活性。结果显示,经过筛选得到4个序列正确且各不相同的抗BoNT/A单链抗体。4个抗BoNT/A人鼠嵌合mAb表达质粒均构建成功并转染HEK-293EBNA1细胞,根据转染效率指示绿色荧光蛋白的表达推测,50%～62. 5%的细胞表达抗BoNT/A抗体。表达上清经过蛋白A亲和纯化,浓度均200μg/mL,单体纯度均90%。小鼠中和试验显示mA1、mA2、mA3和mA4单株抗体均不能完全中和4 LD_(50)的A型肉毒毒素,但从延迟小鼠生存时间可以得出4个抗体的中和活性为mA3mA2mA1mA4。mA1、mA2、mA4中任何一个抗体与mA3连用中和活性为80 LD_(50)/mg。本研究制备了4个具有不同程度中和活性的抗BoNT/A人鼠嵌合mAb,为A型肉毒神经毒素鸡尾酒疗法奠定了基础。     

H1亚型猪流感病毒HA基因DNA疫苗的构建及其对Balb/c小鼠的免疫效果评价

以A/Swine/Guangdong/LM/2004(H1N1)猪流感病毒HA基因为模板,通过RT-PCR技术扩增出HA基因,并将其克隆到pCI-neo真核表达载体中,成功构建重组表达质粒pCI-HA,瞬时转染vero E6和293T细胞,通过免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验(Immunoperoxidase monolayer assay ,IPMA)、间接免疫荧光试验(indirect immunofluorescence assay, iIFA)和蛋白免疫印迹（Western blot,WB）实验证明,HA基因能够在哺乳动物细胞中有效表达并具有良好的生物学活性。将重组质粒三次免疫8w雌性Balb/c小鼠后,ELISA试验和中和试验结果表明该重组质粒能够诱导小鼠产生较高的抗体滴度,并具有良好的中和活性。因此为H1亚型猪流感DNA疫苗的研究奠定了理论基础。     

人源性抗TNFα小分子抗体的改构和分析

在获得人源性抗人TNF α单链抗体 (ScFv)基因序列的基础上 ,对ScFv的连接肽部分进行基因改造 ,并构建了Fab抗体基因。改构前后的ScFv分别重组入表达载体pBV2 2 0 ,经 42℃热诱导 ,在E .coliDH5α中表达了ScFv蛋白 ,得到分子量约为 30kD的重组蛋白质 ,改构前后ScFv的表达量分别占菌体总蛋白质的 6 .5 %和13 .8%。同时构建Fab可溶性表达载体并转化非抑制型菌株HB2 15 1,经IPTG诱导 ,在约 5 0kD分子量处呈现一条新生蛋白质条带。从大肠杆菌裂解液中对ScFv进行了复性和层析纯化 ,对Fab基因的表达产物进行了亲和层析纯化 ,并证实 :(1)改构后ScFv在大肠杆菌中的表达量有所提高 ;(2 )改构前后的ScFv与Fab均具有与hTNF α相结合的活性 ,具有GGGGS连接肽的ScFv与hTNF α的亲和常数为 6 .70× 10 4 (mol/L) -1,而改构后具有(GGGGS) 3 连接肽的ScFv的亲和常数提高为 7.2 7× 10 5(mol/L) -1,Fab与hTNF α的亲和常数为 7.6 1× 10 5(mol/L) -1,Fab与改构后ScFv的亲和力无明显差异 ;(3)ScFv与Fab均有中和hTNF α细胞毒的作用 ,具有(GGGGS) 3 连接肽的ScFv与Fab的中和活性基本相同 ,但均明显低于一株鼠源性单抗     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.