云南鹤庆发现白眉田鸡

<正>2016年11月5日,作者在云南省大理市鹤庆县草海湿地(26°36′13″N,100°11′27″E,海拔2 193 m)观察到一只秧鸡科(Rallidae)鸟类:体长约20 cm;嘴较短,基部红色,端部黄色;黑色过眼纹上下具两条醒目白色条纹;喉近白;颈侧及胸灰色;背部暗褐,羽缘色浅;尾短而尖,微上翘;尾下覆羽皮黄色。经查阅相关文献确定     

西藏林芝发现宝兴歌鸫北大核心CSCD

2012年9月8日上午,在西藏东南部林芝市林芝县色季拉山东坡(29°39′03.39″N,94°42′52.47″E,海拔3 894 m)的急尖长苞冷杉(Abies georgei var.)林中的西南花楸(Sorbus rehderiana)上,发现并拍摄到1只鸫。该鸟体长约25 cm,上体褐色,下体皮黄而具明显黑点,耳羽后侧具月牙状黑色斑块,2条白色的点状翼斑明显(图1)。     

西藏林芝发现宝兴歌鸫

正2012年9月8日上午,在西藏东南部林芝市林芝县色季拉山东坡(29°39′03.39″N,94°42′52.47″E,海拔3 894 m)的急尖长苞冷杉(Abies georgei var.)林中的西南花楸(Sorbus rehderiana)上,发现并拍摄到1只鸫。该鸟体长约25 cm,上体褐色,下体皮黄而具明显黑点,耳羽后侧具月牙状黑色斑块,2条白色的点状翼斑明显(图1)。     

贵州草海发现苇鹀

<正>2014年4月19日,在贵州草海国家级自然保护区老祖坟附近(26°51′N,104°15′E,海拔2 175 m)湖边枯萎的香蒲(Typha orientalis)丛中观察并拍摄到1雄2雌共3只苇鹀(Emberiza pallasi)。该鸟的识别特征:雄鸟头顶、颊、耳羽、喉及上胸均黑色,下髭纹白色,后颈具较宽的白色横带;背、肩深褐色,羽缘灰白,腰及尾上覆羽浅灰色,小覆羽灰色;下体灰白色。雌鸟头顶和枕部皮黄色,耳羽褐色,眉纹和喉部白色,其余同雄鸟。苇鹀与近似种芦鹀(E.schoeniclus)的区别如下:苇鹀小覆羽灰色,而芦鹀为棕色;苇鹀上喙较直,而芦鹀上喙稍     

云南盈江发现白翅栖鸭

正2019年4月22日,杜银磊等在云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州盈江县那邦镇那邦村一水塘(24°42′58.40″N,97°34′08.70″E,海拔239 m)拍摄到一只鸭类(见封面)。该鸟通体棕褐色;头、颈褐色并杂有白色点斑,而不全为黑色,与疣鼻栖鸭(Cairina moschata)不同(Johnsgard 2010);颈部领环黑色,下体深色,与瘤鸭(Sarkidiornismelanotos)有别(Johnsgard2010);飞行时,可见翼上的白色覆羽与蓝紫色的翼镜形成鲜明反差),翼下的白色覆羽与黑色的飞羽形成鲜明对比(图1);     

四川攀枝花发现栗背伯劳

<正>2014年4月17日上午7:20时许,在攀枝花市西区格里坪镇竹林坡村(26°38′42.26″N,101°31′34.61″E,海拔1 991 m)的山坡农田边缘低矮灌丛中,观察并拍摄到一只伯劳(图1)。该鸟头顶黑灰色,到枕部转为灰色,前额、眼先、眼周和耳覆羽深黑色,形成粗而明显的贯眼纹。喉、胸及下体白色。肩、背为深栗色。尾羽黑色,但外侧尾羽为白色。飞羽为黑色,但具有褐色羽缘,且在大覆羽下方有一白色翅斑。确认为雄性栗背伯劳(Lanius     

河南孟津发现黑雁

2018年12月14日,在位于河南省孟津县的河南黄河湿地国家级自然保护区内(112°39′38″E,34°50′35″N,海拔116 m)使用单筒望远镜(Swarovski ATS 80HD+20-60X目镜)观察到1只体色黑白相间雁类个体,使用相机(佳能EOS 7DⅡ+EF 300 mm f/2.8 ISⅡ)拍摄到照片(图1),拍摄距离约180 m。其为中等体型的深色雁,头、颈、胸黑褐色,背和两翅灰褐色,颈的两侧各有一白色横斑,在颈前后断开,未能联成颈环。尾上覆羽白色,尾黑褐色,下腹和尾下覆羽白色。查阅相关文献(赵正阶1995,约翰·马敬能等2000),鉴定为黑雁(Branta bernicla)。     

云南鸟类新纪录——大滨鹬

<正>2015年5月7日,在云南省昆明市晋宁县滇池湖滨湿地(24°46'18.79″N,102°43'1.16″E,海拔1888 m)进行水禽调查时发现并拍摄到1只大滨鹬Calidris tenuirostris。经查阅有关文献(杨岚等,1995;杨晓君,2009),确认此鸟为云南省鸟类新纪录。该鸟体长约30 cm,头、颈和上背密布黑褐色和灰白色相间的条纹;腰和尾上覆羽白色;尾羽暗灰色。翅上覆羽灰褐色,羽缘白色;肩羽具栗红色和黑色杂斑;飞羽黑色,羽干白色。喉白色;胸部具黑褐色胸斑;下腹部白色,两胁具黑斑;翅下覆羽白     

云南大理发现小鸥

2019年4月26日,在云南省大理白族自治州大理市洱海月湿地公园的湖边(100°13′56.51″E,25°36′40.91″N,海拔1 964 m)拍摄到1只鸥类(图1)。该鸟体型较小,通体灰白色;前额白色,头顶和枕深棕色;头顶灰白色不显著,区别于楔尾鸥Rhodostethia rosea;耳羽具1深棕色圆斑;领环不呈黑色,次级飞羽不全白,与三趾鸥Rissa tridactyla不同;在水中游弋时,次级覆羽灰白色,尾上覆羽和飞羽端部深棕色;飞行时,腕骨上覆羽呈深棕色的宽带,两翼形成的“M”形图纹清晰可见;小覆羽不呈白色,“M”形图纹完整,与波氏鸥Chroicocephalus Philadelphia相区别;初级飞羽深色部分不是典型的黑色,下体白色,腰部灰白色;次级飞羽羽缘白色,近端部依次相接成深棕色带状;虹膜黑色,嘴黑色,脚红色。     

云南省鸟类种的新纪录--花田鸡

20 0 3年10月15日2 0 :30至10月16日7:0 0 ,笔者在云南省巍山彝族回族自治县庙街镇隆庆关(2 5°17′4 5″N ,10 0°2 1′14″E ,海拔2 5 80m )进行夜间鸟类环志工作时,捕获一只秧鸡科鸟类标本。标本经鉴定确认为国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类花田鸡Porzanaexquisita (Cheng ,1987) ,系云南省鸟类种的新纪录。标本现保存于中国科学院昆明动物研究所鸟类标本室。所采获的花田鸡标本形态描述如下:额部褐色;头顶黑色;上体羽褐色,背、两肩具有显著的黑色纵纹及众多白色点斑;尾羽黑色。初级飞羽黑色,第一枚初级飞羽的外缘白色;次级飞羽羽端具宽而显著…     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.