同期与分期鼻内镜手术治疗慢性泪囊炎合并慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效对比研究

摘要 目的：探讨同期与分期鼻内镜手术治疗慢性泪囊炎合并慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析本院2017年1月至2019年10月期间收治的76例慢性泪囊炎合并慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为A组和B组,各38例。A组行分期手术（鼻腔鼻窦病变处理控制鼻腔鼻窦炎症后再行鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造孔术）。B组行同期手术（处理鼻腔鼻窦病变后立即行鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔造孔术）,比较两组围术期指标、临床疗效、术后并发症发生情况,采用慢性泪囊炎生活质量量表（DQOLS）评价患者术前和术后6个月时的生活质量。结果：B组总有效率为94.74 %（36/38）,A组总有效率为92.11 %（35/38）,两组总有效率比较无明显差异（P>0.05）;B组术后并发症总发生率为13.16 %（5/38）,与A组的10.53 %（4/38）比较无明显差异（P>0.05）。两组患者术后6个月时的DQOLS各维度评分和总分均较术前升高（P<0.05）,但组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。B组患者住院总费用少于A组,住院时间、手术时间均短于A组（P<0.05）,两组术中出血量比较无明显差异（P>0.05）。结论：同期手术与分期手术治疗慢性泪囊炎合并慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者具有相当的临床疗效和安全性,且对患者生活质量的改善程度亦无明显差异,但前者能够缩短手术时间、住院时间及减少住院费用。     

慢性鼻窦炎鼻内镜术后问卷评估分析

目的：探讨问卷随访对慢性鼻．鼻窦炎、鼻息肉患者鼻内镜术后疗效的评价意义。方法：采用Lurid-Machay的病人症状评分系统及鼻腔鼻窦结局测量20条（sino．nasaloutcometest-20,SNOT．20）中文版,对127例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎、鼻息肉术前、术后3个月、术后6个月患者进行相关问卷测试,并与100名进行健康入职体检者的相关问卷结果进行比较。结果：鼻内镜术后患者的主观症状在术后3个月较术前均明显改善,并在术后6个月时全面改善,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,但部分症状与健康受访者相比仍有差异。结论：问卷随访作为术后鼻部生理功能恢复的评估手段,有助于对术后疗效进行客观的综合评价。     

对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者细菌生物膜检测方法的改良

目的:应用BacLight/CSLM观察BBF时要求使用无菌超纯水进行标本制备,超纯水的低渗作用使活体细胞明显减少,干扰观察结果,本研究提出使用无菌生理盐水代替超纯水进行标本制备,以改良检测效果。方法:在鼻内镜手术中收取27例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)患者的鼻窦黏膜,使用激光共聚焦显微镜(CSLM)检测细菌生物膜(BBF)。对16例BBF阳性病例,分别使用无菌生理盐水、超纯水两种方法进行样本制备,采用BacLight/CSLM方法检测样本中的BBF,分别进行BBF评分,统计分析两组评分的差异。结果:生理盐水组更真实地还原了CRS患者鼻窦黏膜中的BBF图像。超纯水组的BBF评分显著低于生理盐水组,两组评分有显著性差异(2.125±0.885 vs. 1.500±0.632, P=0.029)。结论:生理盐水法检测BBF更真实地还原CRS患者鼻窦中黏膜细胞和BBF的形态,有助于准确进行BBF评分。     

Bacterial biofilms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

The possible presence of biofilms was examined in mucosal specimens of 15 patients, undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery or a modified Caldwell-Luc approach for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Biofilms were found in 7 of the 15 patients, positive cultures being obtained in most samples, which supports the role of biofilms as an important factor in the pathogenesis of CRS.     

真菌球型上颌窦炎鼻内镜下两种手术路径的临床研究

目的:比较鼻内镜下中鼻道联合下鼻道小视窗双路径术和单独下中鼻道开窗术治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎的临床疗效。方法:采用前瞻性随机对照试验,将2013年8月~2015年5月在我院择期行手术治疗的50例真菌球型上颌窦炎患者分为观察组与对照组,每组25例,对照组行鼻内镜单独下中鼻道开窗术,观察组在对照组的基础上联合下鼻道小视窗术。术前及术后6个月采用鼻腔鼻窦结局测试20条量表(SNOT-20)对两组患者进行评分,术后6个月对鼻黏膜纤毛清除功能及疗效进行评估,比较两组手术时间及术中出血量。结果:术后6个月两组SNOT-20量表评分显著低于术前,且观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。术后6个月观察组粘膜纤毛传输时间(MTT)显著低于对照组(P0.05)。两组总有效率、手术时间及术中出血量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:鼻内镜下以上两种手术路径治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎的疗效相近,但鼻内镜下中鼻道联合下鼻道小视窗双路径术更有利于减轻患者症状及促进鼻黏膜纤毛清除功能恢复。     

Association of Mucosal Organisms with Patterns of Inflammation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a multifactorial process disease in which bacterial infection or colonization may play an important role in the initiation or persistence of inflammatory response. The association between mucosal bacteria presence and inflammatory patterns has only been partially explored.

Objective

To demonstrate specific mucosal microorganisms possible association with inflammatory patterns.

Methods

We collected nasal polyps or sinus tissues from a clinical selection of six patient groups with defined sinus disease using tissue biomarkers. In the tissues, we detected bacteria using peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA-FISH).

Results

After reviewing a total of 115 samples (15–20 samples per group), the mucosal presence of Staphylococcus aureus was correlated with IL-5 and SE-IgE positive chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and nasal polyps from cystic fibrosis patients. Chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps with TNFα >20 pg/ml was associated with the mucosal presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Conclusion

This study identifies the relationship between intramucosal microbes and inflammatory patterns, suggesting that bacteria may affect the type of inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis. Additional investigation is needed to further identify the nature of the relationship.     

不同手术方式治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎对上颌窦黏膜纤毛传输功能的影响

目的:比较不同手术方式治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效及其对上颌窦黏膜纤毛传输功能的影响,为临床制定治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的优选术式提供参考依据。方法:选取2013年9月-2014年12月于本院耳鼻咽喉科就诊的160例确诊为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为4组,分别为治疗组1~4,每组各60例。治疗组1接受上颌窦自然开口扩大术,治疗组2接受上颌窦开窗术,治疗组3接受经泪前隐窝上颌窦开放术,治疗组4接受上颌窦口球囊扩张术。观察和比较4组患者的术后鼻腔黏膜的覆盖、水肿、囊泡形成、骨质暴露、瘢痕形成等情况,上颌窦窦腔内分泌物性状、蓄积情况以及术后3个月和6个月时行上颌窦腔糖精实验及窦口周黏膜活检情况。结果:四组手术后均取得较好临床疗效,而组4的临床总有效率显著高于其他三组(均P0.05)。术后3、6个月,组4Lund-Kennedy评分和MMT时间均明显低于其他三组(均P0.05);在上颌窦黏膜活检方面:术后炎性细胞数量及状细胞和黏膜下腺体细胞形态及黏膜下结构水肿改善程度亦在中组四最为显著(P0.05)。结论:上颌窦窦球囊扩张术治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎疗效较高,可有效改善状细胞和黏膜下腺体细胞形态及鼻窦黏膜水肿、窦口通畅引流等作用,且安全性高。     

功能性鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦炎与鼻息肉的疗效分析

目的:探讨功能性鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦炎与鼻息肉的疗效。方法:选取350例鼻窦炎与鼻息肉患者,按随机数字表法分为两组,对照组(164例)给予综合疗法,观察组(186例)给予功能性鼻内窥镜手术联合综合疗法。通过观察并记录疗效,治疗前,治疗后3个月患者体内IL-1,IL-8水平,SF-36量表评分,评价功能性鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦炎与鼻息肉的疗效。结果:经手术和药物治疗,观察组有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05),治疗前,两组IL-1和IL-8水平无统计学差异(P0.05),治疗后3个月,两组IL-1和IL-8水平均明显下降,且观察组IL-1和IL-8水平低于对照组(P0.05),治疗前,两组SF-36各项评分无统计学差异,治疗后3个月,两组SF-36评分均明显增加(P0.05)。观察组在躯体疼痛和总体健康2项评分明显高于对照组(P0.05),其余6项评分相比无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:功能性鼻内窥镜手术对鼻窦炎与鼻息肉具有较好的疗效,能显著减轻炎症反应,改善患者生活质量,值得临床推广使用。     

NLR、IL-6及鼻窦CT评分对慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉的诊断价值分析

摘要 目的：探讨外周血中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）及鼻窦CT评分诊断慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNP）的价值。方法：选择2019年2月至2021年12月济宁医学院附属医院收治的91例CRSwNP患者纳入观察组，87例鼻中隔偏曲患者纳入对照组，根据《中国慢性鼻窦炎诊断与治疗指南（2018）》将CRSwNP患者分为轻度组（29例）、中度组（40例）和重度组（22例）。所有受试者均检测外周血中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞计数以及血清IL-6水平，计算外周血NLR，行鼻窦CT检查，根据CT检测结果，采用Lund-Mackay CT评分标准对受试者进行鼻窦CT评分。对比各组外周血NLR、血清IL-6水平及鼻窦CT评分差异，分析CRSwNP 患者外周血NLR、血清IL-6与鼻窦CT评分的相关性以及外周血NLR、血清IL-6、鼻窦CT评分诊断CRSwNP的价值。结果：观察组外周血NLR、血清IL-6水平及鼻窦CT评分均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。重度组外周血NLR、血清IL-6水平及鼻窦CT评分均高于中度组和轻度组（P＜0.05），且中度组高于轻度组（P＜0.05）。CRSwNP患者外周血NLR、血清IL-6水平与鼻窦CT评分均呈正相关（r=0.502、0.539，P＜0.05）。外周血NLR、血清IL-6及鼻窦CT评分诊断CRSwNP的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.683、0.659、0.697，联合三项指标诊断CRSwNP的AUC为0.882，高于各指标单独诊断。结论：外周血NLR、血清IL-6水平及鼻窦CT评分上升可反映CRSwNP患者病情加重，外周血NLR、血清IL-6水平与鼻窦CT评分呈正相关，外周血NLR、血清IL-6及鼻窦CT评分联合诊断CRSwNP具有一定的临床价值。     

Serum trace element and amino acid profile in children with cerebral palsy

BackgroundThe existing data demonstrate that both trace elements and amino acids play a significant role in neurodevelopment and brain functioning. Certain studies have demonstrated alteration of micronutrient status in children with cerebral palsy, although multiple inconsistencies exist.The objectiveof the present study was to assess serum trace element and mineral, as well as amino acid levels in children with cerebral palsy.Methods71 children with cerebral palsy (39 boys and 32 girls, 5.7 ± 2.3 y.o.) and 84 healthy children (51 boys and 33 girls, 5.4 ± 2.3 y.o.) were enrolled in the present study. Serum trace element and mineral levels were assessed using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS). Amino acid profile was evaluated by means of high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).ResultsChildren with cerebral palsy are characterized by significantly lower Cu and Zn levels by 6% and 8%, whereas serum I concentration exceeded the control values by 7%. A tendency to increased serum Mn and Se levels was also observed in patients with cerebral palsy. Serum citrulline, leucine, tyrosine, and valine levels were 15 %, 23 %, 15 %, and 11 % lower than those in healthy controls. Nearly twofold lower levels of serum proline were accompanied by a 44 % elevation of hydroxyproline concentrations when compared to the control values. In multiple regression model serum I, Zn, and hydroxyproline levels were found to be independently associated with the presence of cerebral palsy. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between Cu, Mn, Se, I, and Zn levels with hydroxyproline and citrulline concentrations.ConclusionThe observed alterations in trace element and amino acid metabolism may contribute to neurological deterioration in cerebral palsy. However, the cross-sectional design of the study does not allow to estimate the causal trilateral relationships between cerebral palsy, altered trace element, and amino acid metabolism.     

Serum zinc,copper, zinc-to-copper ratio,and other essential elements and minerals in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

BackgroundEssential trace elements and minerals play a significant role in neurodevelopment. Although certain studies demonstrated impaired essential trace element and mineral status in children with ADHD, the existing data are insufficient. The objective of the present study was to assess serum trace element and mineral levels in children with ADHD.MethodsSerum trace element and mineral levels in 68 children with ADHD and 68 neurotypical controls were assessed using ICP-MS at NexION 300D (PerkinElmer Inc., USA) equipped with ESI SC-2 DX4 autosampler (Elemental Scientific Inc., USA).ResultsSerum Cr, Mg, and Zn levels in children with ADHD were 21 % (p = 0.010), 4 % (p = 0.005), and 7 % (p = 0. 001) lower as compared to the healthy controls, respectively. In turn, serum Cu/Zn values were 11 % higher than those in the control group. Age and gender had a significant impact on serum element levels in ADHD. Particularly, preschool children were characterized by significantly increased Cu (+8 %; p = 0.034), and Cu/Zn (+19 %; p < 0.001) values, whereas serum Zn (-9 %; p = 0.004) level was decreased. In primary school-aged children only 6 % (p = 0.007) lower Mg levels were observed. Both boys and girls with ADHD were characterized by 8 % (p = 0.016) lower serum Zn levels and 10 % (p = 0.049) higher Cu/Zn values when compared to neurotypical girls. Boys with ADHD also had significantly higher Cu/Zn, exceeding the respective control values by 12 % (p = 0.021), predominantly due to a 7 % (p = 0.035) decrease in serum Zn. Serum Mg levels were also found to be significantly lower than those in neurotypical children by 5 % (p = 0.007). In adjusted regression models serum Cr (β=-0.234; p = 0.009) and Cu/Zn (β = 0.245; p = 0.029) values were significantly associated with ADHD, respectively. Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant impact of ADHD on Cr, Mg, Zn, and Cu/Zn, whereas age was associated with Cu, I, Mg, Mo, and Cu/Zn, whereas gender accounted only for variability in serum Mn levels. Principal component analysis (PCA) also revealed significant contributions of Mg, Zn, and Cu/Zn values to ADHD variability.ConclusionsHypothetically, the observed decrease of essential trace elements, namely Mg and Zn, and elevation of Cu/Zn may significantly contribute to the risk of ADHD or its severity and/or comorbidity.     

鼻内镜下手术结合术后鼻窦冲洗治疗变应性真菌性鼻窦炎的临床研究

目的:研究鼻内镜下手术结合术后鼻窦冲洗治疗变应性真菌性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法:选取2010年3月到2013年3月我院收治的变应性真菌性鼻窦炎患者67例为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾分析,所有患者均给予鼻内镜下手术结合术后鼻窦冲洗治疗,术后随访患者1年。另选取健康者50例为对照组,应用视觉模拟量表(VAS)评价患者术前术后主观感受,应用鼻内镜和鼻腔纤毛功能评价患者术前术后客观感受,并应用生活质量量表(SF-36)评价患者的生活质量。结果:患者术后VAS评分为(18.5±1.3)分显著优于术前的(29.3±0.2)分,与术前比较差异具有统计学意义(t=11.026,P=0.018);术后鼻内镜总分为(4.1±0.2)分显著优于手术前,与手术前比较差异具有统计学意义(t=9.037,P=0.027);术后1年鼻纤毛传输速度(6.9±0.3)mm/min,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(t=3.984,P=0.092);术后1年SF-36评分为(649.6±23.2)分,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(t=4.018,P=0.096)。结论:鼻内镜下手术结合术后鼻窦冲洗治疗变应性真菌性鼻窦炎具有较好的临床疗效,能显著改善患者的症状,提高患者的生活质量。     

鼻窦内镜术治疗鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉的疗效及对鼻腔通气和嗅觉功能的影响

目的:探讨鼻窦内镜术治疗鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉的临床疗效及对鼻腔通气和嗅觉功能的影响。方法:选取2014年1月至2016年6月我院收治的鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉患者80例。根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各40例。对照组给予传统摘除术治疗,观察组则行鼻窦内镜术治疗。比较两组临床疗效以及治疗前、治疗后3个月症状评分、鼻气道总阻力、嗅觉功能评分。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为95.00%,显著高于对照组的77.50%(P0.05)。治疗前两组患者鼻塞、脓涕、嗅觉障碍、疼痛及总症状评分比较无统计学差异(P0.05),治疗后3个月两组患者鼻塞、脓涕、嗅觉障碍、疼痛及总症状评分均低于治疗前,且观察组患者鼻塞、脓涕、嗅觉障碍、疼痛及总症状评分低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前两组患者鼻气道总阻力、嗅觉功能评分比较无统计学差异(P0.05),治疗后3个月两组患者鼻气道总阻力、嗅觉功能评分均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(均P0.05)。结论:鼻窦内镜术治疗鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉有利于改善患者临床症状,促进患者嗅觉功能以及鼻腔通气的恢复,是治疗鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉的有效方法。     

通窍鼻炎片联合克拉霉素对慢性鼻窦炎患者嗅觉功能、鼻黏液纤毛传输速度及血清炎性因子的影响

目的:探讨通窍鼻炎片联合克拉霉素对慢性鼻窦炎患者嗅觉功能、鼻黏液纤毛传输速度及血清炎性因子的影响。方法:于2017年11月~2020年6月期间,选取我院门诊收治的慢性鼻窦炎患者86例。根据入院序号奇偶性将患者分为对照组和观察组,各43例。对照组采用克拉霉素治疗,观察组采用通窍鼻炎片联合克拉霉素治疗,均治疗4周。对比两组疗效、临床症状评分、嗅觉功能、鼻黏液纤毛传输速度及血清炎性因子,记录两组不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组的临床总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗4周后T&T主观嗅觉测试法分级均较治疗前改善,且观察组的改善效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率对比无明显差异(P>0.05)。治疗4周后,两组鼻黏膜纤毛输送率(MTR)和鼻黏膜纤毛清除率(MCC)均较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,两组血清白介素-5(IL-5)、白介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,观察组鼻塞、头晕头痛、鼻漏、嗅觉下降、流涕、喷嚏症状评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:通窍鼻炎片联合克拉霉素治疗慢性鼻窦炎患者疗效显著,可有效改善患者嗅觉功能及鼻黏液纤毛传输速度,缓解临床症状并降低机体炎性因子水平,且安全性较好。     

Intranasal Volume Changes Caused by the Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Approach and Their Effects on Nasal Functions

Objective

We evaluated postoperative changes in nasal cavity volume and their effects on nasal function and symptoms after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach for antero-central skull base surgery.

Study Design

Retrospective chart review at a tertiary referral center.

Methods

We studied 92 patients who underwent binostril, four-hand, endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach surgery using the bilateral modified nasoseptal rescue flap technique. Pre- and postoperative paranasal computed tomography and the Mimics^® program were used to assess nasal cavity volume changes at three sections. We also performed several pre- and postoperative tests, including the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center test, Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test, Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation, and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-20. In addition, a visual analog scale was used to record subjective symptoms. We compared these data with the pre- and postoperative nasal cavity volumes.

Results

Three-dimensional, objective increases in nasal passage volumes were evident between the inferior and middle turbinates (p<0.001) and between the superior turbinate and choana (p = 0.006) postoperatively. However, these did not correlate with subjectively assessed symptoms (NOSE, SNOT-20 and VAS; all nasal cavity areas; p≥0.05) or olfactory dysfunction (CCCRC and CCSIT test; all nasal cavity areas; p≥0.05).

Conclusion

Skull base tumor surgery via an endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach altered the patients’ nasal anatomy, but the changes in nasal cavity volumes did not affect nasal function or symptoms. These results will help surgeons to appropriately expose the surgical field during an endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach.     

The effect of nasal polyposis related nasal obstruction on cognitive functions

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory mucosa of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The aim of this study was investigate the effect of nasal obstruction related to chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis on cognitive functions. Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis causing bilateral total or near total nasal obstruction were enrolled in the study. Symptoms of nasal congestion, loss of smell, postnasal drip, headaches, snoring, concentration difficulties and blunted affect were evaluated by Visual Analog Scale. Brief symptom inventory test, Stroop test, visual aural digit span, serial digit learning test and P300 test were used to evaluate cognitive functions. Three months after treatment, the tests done before surgery were repeated and the results were compared. A total of 30 patients were included in the study. On the Visual Analog Scale, all symptoms showed significant postoperative improvement in all patients (p?<?0.001 for all symptoms). Preoperative nasal congestion accompanied with impaired concentration were detected in 27 patients (90%), and these symptoms recovered in all these patients after treatment (p?=?0.035) (correlation coefficient 0.4). Only 22 patients completed the neuropsychological tests. The mean preoperative Stroop test (23.16?±?5.30), visual aural digit span test (24.68?±?3.52), and serial digit learning test (16.18?±?5.35) scores were showed significant improvement compared with mean postoperative Stroop test (21.12?±?5.69), visual aural digit span test (26.45?±?2.98), and serial digit learning test (19.31?±?4.47) scores (p?=?0.047, p?=?0.022, p?=?0.005 respectively). The postoperative P300 latency values improved in 19 (63%) patients. The preoperative and postoperative latency values for P300 showed a significant difference (p?=?0.029), whereas the preoperative and postoperative amplitude values for P300 did not differ (p?=?0.096). In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) has negative effects on cognitive functions, such as the ability to focus and maintain concentration. These cognitive functions improve after the patients undergo endoscopic sinus surgery to treat their CRSwNP.     

芪菊袋泡茶在慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉功能性鼻内镜术后的临床疗效

目的:评估芪菊袋泡茶对功能性鼻内镜术(FESS)术后的临床疗效。方法:采用随机数字表法将纳入观察的FESS术后患者分为两组,对照组为常规处理,治疗组在常规处理的基础上给予芪菊袋泡茶雾化吸入及饮用:术后6h开始予芪菊袋泡茶治疗,以芪菊袋泡茶一袋配30 mL饮用水,作雾化吸入,另予一袋配100 mL饮用水泡服,每天2次,雾化联合饮用共1周。雾化疗程结束后,则以每次2袋,每天2次泡服,再饮用2周,并随访12周。比较两组间鼻窦炎相关症状(包括鼻塞、头痛、面痛、嗅觉障碍、鼻涕)评分、鼻腔粘膜改变和术腔上皮化程度、术后咽喉部症状(包括咽痛、异物感、排痰、咳嗽)评分。结果:术后2、4、8、12周,治疗组鼻窦炎相关症状总评分与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组在术后4、8、12周鼻腔粘膜评分、上皮化程度较对照组显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组在术后1d、3d咽喉部症状总评分、咽痛和异物感症状评分显著较对照组改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:芪菊袋泡茶在慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉FESS术后能取得良好的临床疗效,明显改善术后症状,值得临床推广。     

Distribution of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-2 in nasal polyposis and chronic rhinosinusitis

Nasal polyposis (NP), a chronic inflammatory disease of the upper airway, is a subgroup of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Matrix metallo-proteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are considered to play important roles in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. The aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare the levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 in NP and CRS with normal nasal mucosa by using immunohistochemistry. Twenty-five patients with NP and fifteen patients with CRS underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. Diseased mucosal samples were obtained from ethmoidal sinuses. Control nasal mucosa (n=10) was obtained from inferior nasal turbinate. Immunohistochemistry for MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 was performed. The expression of MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-8 significantly increased in NP and CRS compared with control (p<0.05). The distribution of TIMP-2 was higher in CRS than control and NP respectively (p<0.05). MMP-1 immunoreactivity was distributed in the extracellular matrix whereas MMP-2, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 immunostaining was present in the epithelium, submucosal glands, vascular endothelium and inflammatory cells in CRS and NP. We suggest that differences in histological features between CRS and NP might be related to the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and their tissue inhibitor-2.     

真菌性鼻鼻窦炎发病相关因素及临床特征分析

目的:探究影响真菌性鼻鼻窦炎发病的有关因素,并分析其临床特征。方法:选取在我院就诊的150例真菌性鼻鼻窦炎患者及150例慢性鼻鼻窦炎患者,回顾性分析2组患者的临床资料,将两者进行对照研究,通过多因素Logistic回归分析和检验的方法,对患者的术前资料进行分析,进而探讨影响真菌性鼻鼻窦炎发病的因素及其临床特征。通过真菌特异性六胺银染色的方法,对150例真菌性鼻鼻窦炎患者进行分型。结果:以年龄(x_1)、病程(x_2)、涕血(x_3)、头痛(x_4)、单侧或双侧病变(x_5)和钙化斑(x_6)为变量,获得了真菌性鼻鼻窦炎发病的Logistic回归预测方程:y=-8.714+1.201 x_1+0.497 x_2+4.576 x_3+1.188 x_4+2.697x_5+4.118 x_6,P=exp(y)/[1+exp(y)]。与慢性鼻鼻窦炎的发病情况对比,发现真菌性鼻鼻窦炎的发生多位女性患者,年龄在40岁以上,病程在3年以内,主要症状为头痛和涕血,影像学检查有单侧病变,且有钙化斑出现(P0.05)。在150例真菌性鼻鼻窦炎患者中,慢性侵袭性46例,非侵袭性104例。结论:真菌性鼻鼻窦炎的发病可以通过其相关因素的Logistic回归预测方程进行预测,其临床表现有明显的特征性。     

Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis caused by Curvularia sp.

Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is a benign and non-invasive sinusal disease related to a hypersensitivity reaction to fungal antigens. This process can cause tissue edema with chronic inflammatory disturbances of the respiratory mucosa. We present the case of a 17 year-old immunocompetent male, with history of seasonal allergic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps and previous surgery for mucocele of the frontal sinus. Sticky material was removed in the last surgery that revealed pigmented and septed filaments on direct examination, and yielded Curvularia on Sabouraud dextrose agar. After a course of amphotericin B, treatment was switched to itraconazole, with good tolerance and favorable clinical outcome.