云南西藏蝠蛾属四新种：（鳞翅目：蝙蝠蛾科）

本文报道了云南西北部和西藏东南部的高寒草甸中分布的蝠蛾属４新种：剑川蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓ ｊｉａｎｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,甲郎蝠蛾Ｈ．ｊｉａａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．察里蝠蛾Ｈ．ｚａｌｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,异翅蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓ ａｎｏｍｏｐｔｅｒｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．４个新种都是冬虫夏草真菌的寄主昆虫。     

云南西藏蝠蛾属四新种（鳞翅目：蝙蝠蛾科）

本文报道了云南西北部和西藏东南部的高寒草甸中分布的蝠蛾属４新种：剑川蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓｊｉａｎｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,甲郎蝠蛾Ｈ．ｊｉａｌａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．Ｎｏｖ．,察里蝠蛾Ｈ．ｚａｒｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,异翅蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓａｎｏｍｏｐｔｅｒｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．４个新种都是冬虫夏草真菌的寄主昆虫。     

中国斑织蛾属二新种记述：鳞翅目：织蛾科

本文记述在陕西省秦岭采到的斑织蛾属２新种：秦岭斑织蛾Ｒｉｐｅａｃｍａ ｑｉｎｌｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ和佛平斑织蛾Ｒｉｐｅａｃｍａ ｆｏｐｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,并附有雌、雄外生殖器特征图,模式标本存西北林学院。     

中国叉木蛾属Metathrinca研究及三新种记述（鳞翅目：木蛾科）

记述中国叉木蛾属３新种：银叉木蛾Ｍｅｔａｔｈｒｉｎｃａ ａｒｇｅｎｔｅａ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,佛坪叉木蛾Ｍｅｔａｔｈｒｉｎｃａ ｆｏｐｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和梅花山叉木蛾Ｍｅｔａｔｈｒｉｎｃａ ｍｅｉｈｕａｓｈａｎａ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,绘出了雌雄外生殖器特征图,并提供了中国已知种检索素。模式标本保存在南开大学生物系。     

中国织蛾二新种记述(鳞翅目:织蛾科)

报道中国织蛾二新种：锈平织蛾Ｐｅｄｉｏｘｅｓｔｉｓ ｆｅｒｒｕｇｉｎｅａ Ｗａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｚｈｅｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和龟圆织蛾Ｅｏｎｙｍｐｈａ ｃｈｅｌｏｎｉｎａ Ｗａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｚｈｅｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。锈平织蛾外形与Ｐｅｄｉｏｘｅｓｔｉｓ ｉｓｏｍｏｒｐｈａ Ｍｅｙｒｉｃｋ相似,但可通过雌性外生殖器来区别：交配囊略呈圆形;导管端片呈不规则梯形,密布微刺;囊突略呈方形,具齿。龟圆织蛾外形与Ｅｏ     

中国弓石蛾科四新种和两新纪录种(昆虫纲:毛翅目)

本文报道我国弓石蛾科Ａｒｃｔｏｐｓｙｃｈｉｄｅ ４新种２新纪录种,则二叉弓石蛾Ａｒｃｔｏｐｓｙｃｈｅ ｂｉｃｒｕｒｉｓ Ｇｕｉ ｅｔ Ｙａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,石棉弓石蛾Ａｒｃｔｏｐｓｙｃｈｅ ｓｈｉｍｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｇｕｉ ｅｔ Ｙａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,带刺弓石蛾Ａｒｃｔｏｐｓｙｃｈｅ ｓｐｉｎｅｓｃｅｎｓ Ｇｕｉ ｅｔ Ｙａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,端凹绒弓石蛾Ｐａｒａｐｓｙｃｈｅ ｅｘｃｉｓ     

褐卷蛾属二新种：鳞翅目：卷蛾科

褐卷蛾属Ｐａｎｄｅｍｉｓ中国已记录１８种,本文又记述２新种：条褐卷蛾Ｐａｎｄｅｍｉｓ ｓｔｒｉａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及淡褐卷蛾ｐａｎｄｅｍｉｓ ｆｕｌｖａｓｔｒａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,至此我国已有２０种。     

中国福利祝蛾属研究及新种记述

福利祝蛾属Ｆｒｓｉｌｉａ在中国已记载２种,本文记述２新种,安宁福利祝蛾Ｆ．ａｎｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,和条斑福利神速蛾Ｆ．ｓｔｒｉａｐｕｎｃｔａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,及一新纪录种,黄福利祝蛾Ｆ．ｈａｍａｃｈｌｏｒａ Ｍｅｙｒｉｃｋ,至此我国的福利利祝蛾达５各。文中对属征作了综述,并编制了分种检索表,示本保存科学院动物研究所。     

西藏北部地区蝠蛾属二新种记述（鳞翅目：蝙幅蛾科）

本文报道了西藏北部地区分布的幅蛾属２新种──巴吉蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓｂａｑｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及当雄幅蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓｄａｍｘｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．模式标本存中国科学院昆明动物研究所。     

中国锦织蛾属五新种及一新纪录种(鳞翅目:织蛾科)

本文报道了中国织蛾５新种和１新纪录种,绘制了雌雄外生殖器特征图。模式标本保存在南开大学生物系。三线锦织蛾,新种Ｐｒｏｍａｌａｃｔｉｓ ｔｒｉｌｉｎｅａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,本种外形与Ｐ．ｅｎｏｐｉｓｅｍａ（Ｂｕｔｌｅｒ）相似,雄性外生殖器特征与朴锦织蛾Ｐ．ｐａｒｋｉ Ｌｖｏｖｓｋｙ相近,但该种雄性外生殖器爪形突末端圆形,抱器背中部具圆形突起,可与前两种区别。拟银锦织蛾,新种Ｐｒｏｍａｌａｃｔｉｓ     

中国箩纹蛾科

本科种类很少,全世界仅知十余种,胡经甫(1938)《中国昆虫目录》中仅有3种。本文记载7种,包括1新种。从幼虫特征可分为2属:1.Brahmaea,2.Brahmophthalma(有人作亚属)。从成虫亦有显著区别,即 Brahmophthalma 前翅中带后方有一圆球形斑纹,分布于华南及东南亚一带,而 Brahmaea 的前翅中带俱为长卵形斑纹组成,主要分布于旧北区。故本科实为两属。蛹与天蛾相似,喙离体成壶柄状。幼虫主要寄生在木犀科植物上,为林木害虫。     

水蜡蛾一新属一新种：（鳞翅目：水蜡蛾科）

Brahmaea属是Walker(1855)以Bombyx certhia Fabricius为模式种成立的。Mell(1929)根据成虫形态特征、后翅翅脉的差异(有无连接Sc+R_1和Rs脉的横脉),将亚洲的水蜡蛾分为二群,建立一个新亚属 Brahmophthalma Mell并绘有Brahmaea Walker属与新亚属内每个种的翅脉简图以示区别;Bryk(1949)将Brahmophthalma提升为属。我们在整理和研究水蜡蛾的标本中,发现Brahmaea Walker属中实际存在着成虫形态和外生殖器差别很大的两个类群,作者认为有必要将其分为两个属,建立一个新属,并记述一新种。     

中国水蜡蛾属二新种：鳞翅目：水蜡蛾科

中国水蜡蛾属二新种（鳞翅目：水蜡蛾科）张秀荣,杨集昆中国人民解放军农牧大学农学农机系,吉林省长春市１３００６２北京农业大学植物保护系,北京市１０００９４关键词水蜡蛾科,水蜡蛾属,分类,新种,中国本文记述了水蜡蛾科ＢｒａｈｍａｅｉｄａｅＨａｍｐｓｏｎ水...     

水蜡蛾属一新种（鳞翅目：水蜡蛾科）

水蜡蛾属一新种（鳞翅目：水蜡蛾科）张秀荣,杨集昆中国人民解放军农牧大学农学农机系,吉林省长春市１３００６２北京农业大学昆虫系,北京市１０００９４关键词水蜡蛾科,水蜡蛾属,新种本文记述了陕西省镇安和河南省灵宝等地的水蜡蛾属１新种,模式标本保存在北京农业...     

Cuban Calisto (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), a review based on morphological and DNA data

The Cuban species of Calisto are reviewed based on the morphology of adult and immature stages, as well as DNA sequences of six genes (COI, EF1α, wingless, GAPDH, RpS5, CAD). A new species, Calisto occultasp. n., is described from the northeastern Cuban mountains. Calisto smintheus Bates, 1935 and Calisto bruneri, Michener 1949 are revised and revalidated. A new status, the species level, is proposed for Calisto brochei, Torre 1973, Calisto muripetens, Bates 1939 and Calisto bradleyi, Munroe 1950. The immature stages of Calisto smintheus, Calisto brochei,and Calisto occulta are described for the first time, and those of Calisto herophile, Hübner 1823 are redescribed. Useful morphological characters for adults are the shape and conspicuousness of androconial patch, the number and relative size of white dots on underside of hindwing, the shape of aedeagus, the shape of digitiform projection of genitalia valve, the shape and relative size of tegumen and uncus, the relative size of female genitalia, the height of sterigmal ring dorsal crown of the latter, and the relative size of corpus bursae and ductus bursae. For the immature stages, the most important characters are the color pattern of head capsule, the number and width of longitudinal lines of body, in the larvae; and the color pattern and the absence or presence of dorsal ridges on the abdomen of pupae. The phylogenetic relationships between the Cuban Calisto species are quite robust and well-supported; however, conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear datasets was detected in Calisto brochei, Calisto muripetens and to a lesser degree in Calisto bradleyi.     

Origin,Differentiation, and Geographic Distribution of the Chenopodiaceae

Numbers of species and genera,endemic genera,extant primitive genera,relationship and distribution patterns of presently living Chenopodiaceae(two subfamilies,12 tribes,and 118 genera)are analyzed and compared for eight distributional areas,namely central Asia,Europe,the Mediterranean region,Africa,North America,South America, Australia and East Asia． The Central Asia,where the number of genera and diversity of taxa are greater than in other areas,appears to be the center of distribution of extant Chenopodiaceae．North America and Australia are two secondary centers of distribution． Eurasia has 11 tribes out of the 12,a total of 70 genera of extant chenopodiaceous plants,and it contains the most primitive genera of every tribe． Archiatriplex of Atripliceae,Hablitzia of Hablitzeae,Corispermum of Corispermeae,Camphorosma of Camphorosmaea,Kalidium of Salicornieae,Polecnemum of Polycnemeae,Alexandra of Suaedeae,and Nanophyton of Salsoleae,are all found in Eurasia,The Beteae is an Eurasian endemic tribe,demonstrating the antiquity of the Chenopodiaceae flora of Eurasia．Hence,Eurasia is likely the place of origin of chenopodiaceous plants． The presence of chenopodiaceous plants is correlated with an arid climate．During the Cretaceous Period,most places of the continent of Eurasia were occupied by the ancient precursor to the Mediterranean,the Tethys Sea．At that time the area of the Tethys Sea had a dry and warm climate．Therefore,primitive Chenopodiaceae were likely present on the beaches of this ancient land．This arid climatic condition resulted in differentiation of the tribes Chenopodieae,Atripliceae,Comphorosmeae,Salicornieae,etc．,the main primitive tribes of the subfamily Cyclolobeae. Then following continental drift and the Laurasian and Gondwanan disintegration, the Chenopodiaceae were brought to every continent to propagate and develop, and experience the vicissitudes of climates, forming the main characteristics and distribution patterns of recent continental floras. The tribes Atripliceae, Chenopodieae, Camphorosmeae, and Salicornieae of recent Chenopodiaceae in Eurasia, North America, South America, southern Africa, and Australia all became strongly differentiated. However, Australia and South America, have no genera of Spirolobeae except for a few maritime Suaeda species. The Salsoleae and Suaedeae have not arrived in Australia and South America, which indicates that the subfamily Spirolobeae developed in Eurasia after Australia separated from the ancient South America-Africa continent, and South America had left Africa. The endemic tribe of North America, the tribe Sarcobateae, has a origin different from the tribes Salsoleae and Suaedeae of the subfamily Spirolobeae. Sarcobateae flowers diverged into unisexuality and absence of bractlets. Clearly they originated in North America after North America had left the Eurasian continent. North America and southern Africa have a few species of Salsola, but none of them have become very much differentiated or developed, so they must have arrived through overland migration across ancient continental connections. India has no southern African Chenopodiaceae floristic components except for a few maritime taxa, which shows that when the Indian subcontinent left Africa in the Triassic period, the Chenopodiaceae had not yet developed in Africa. Therefore, the early Cretaceous Period about 120 million years ago, when the ancient Gondwanan and Laurasian continents disintegrated, could have been the time of origin of Chenopodiaceae plants.The Chinese flora of Chenopodiaceae is a part of Chenopodiaceae flora of central Asia. Cornulaca alaschnica was discovered from Gansu, China, showing that the Chinese Chenopodiaceae flora certainly has contact with the Mediterranean Chenopodiaceae flora. The contact of southeastern China with the Australia Chenopodiaceae flora, however, is very weak.     

From the creation of the Veterinary Schools to the evolution of the notion of contagion in the 19th and 20th centuries

The creation of the Veterinary Schools in the 18th century would reveal a plethora of scientists, some of whom would be the precursors of Pasteur, some rivals, others followers collaborators or friends of the Master. Among the precursors let us name Chabbert, Huzard, Girard, Delafond, Renault, Toussaint, Galtier ; among the rivals: Chauveau, Arloing, Cornevin and Thomas; among the followers, collaborators or friends of Pasteur: Bouley, at first a resolute spontaneist, then the most fervent in defense of Pasteur (President of the Academy of Medicine and of the Academy of Sciences) and Nocard, Director of the School in Alfort, an important collaborator of Pasteur. Later, there was Leclainche, who created the International Office of Epizootics, and who was President of the Academy of Sciences; Guérin, who with Calmette developed the BCG vaccination; Ramon, the father of anatoxins (vaccines against diphtheria, and tetanus, combined vaccines, adjuvants to immunity). Thus, the creation of the Veterinary Schools contributed not only to the evolution of the notion of contagion, to the amelioration of animal health and the economics of agricultural production, but also to serious advances in human care, and to the protection of public health.     

Taxonomy in the Kunming Institute of Botany (KIB): Progress during the past decade (2008-2018) and perspectives on future development

The development of new taxonomical theories and approaches, particularly molecular phylogenetics, has led to the expansion of traditional morphology-based taxonomy into the concept of "integrative taxonomy." Taxonomic knowledge has assumed greater significance in recent years, particularly because of growing concerns over the looming biodiversity crisis. Since its establishment in 1938, the Kunming Institute of Botany (KIB), which is located in Yunnan province in Southwest China, has focused attention on the taxonomy and conservation of the flora of China. For the forthcoming 80th anniversary of KIB, we review the achievements of researchers at KIB and their associates with respect to the taxonomy of land plants, fungi, and lichen. Major taxonomic advances are summarized for families of Calymperaceae, Cryphaeaceae, Lembophyllaceae, Neckeraceae, Polytrichaceae and Pottiaceae of mosses, Pteridaceae and Polypodiaceae of ferns, Taxaceae and Cycadaceae of gymnosperms, Asteraceae, Begoniaceae, Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gesneriaceae, Lamiaceae, Orchidaceae, Orobanchaceae, Poaceae, Theaceae and Urticaceae of angiosperms, Agaricaceae, Amanitaceae, Boletaceae, Cantharellaceae, Physalacriaceae Russulaceae, Suillaceae and Tuberaceae of fungi, and Ophioparmaceae and Parmeliaceae of lichens. Regarding the future development of taxonomy at KIB, we recommend that taxonomists continue to explore the biodiversity of China, integrate new theories and technologies with traditional taxonomic approaches, and engage in creative monographic work, with support from institutions, funding agencies, and the public.     

Le peuplement humain en Eurasie : l’Asie centrale montagneuse et les piémonts sous-himalayens du Plio-Pléistocène à l’Holocène, origines, évolution humaine et migrations

During the years 1996 and 1997, a team of the Laboratory of Prehistory, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, and of the Departments of Archaeology, Karachi and Peshawar University, Pakistan, leads the first prehistoric field investigation in the District of Chitral, Hindu Kush, close to the Wakhan Corridor (the Amu Daria course in the Pamir). Problematics are the origins and the becoming of the Epipaleolithic/Neolithic hunters-gatherers known in the Pamir Plateau and the Gissar Range, the lithics tradition of which share common roots with the Sub-Himalayan Soanian tradition (Mode 1). A second field investigation has been conduced in the North West India, where Soan developed from Early Pleistocene, in the Frontal Range of the Siwaliks and Himachal Pradesh during the years 2003, 2005 and 2006 in cooperation with the Department of Archaeology and Museums of Punjab, India. New discoveries in both countries support new hypothesis for the understanding of human evolution in Asia and Homo sapiens origins.     

云南复叶耳蕨属的分类修订

研究了云南产复叶耳蕨属植物,提出了新的分类处理。云南共有本属植物２０种２变种,其中包括１新组,３个改级新组合,７个云南分布新记录,并清理出了５４个云南及其他省区种类的新异名。