Rhodocybe paurii, a new species from the Indian Himalaya

A new species of Entolomataceae, Rhodocybe paurii, is described from Garhwal in the western Indian Himalaya. This species grows on wood in dense clusters and belongs to section Claudopodes Singer ex Baroni because of its pleurotoid habit and lack of hymenial pseudocystidia. It is distinguished from the other pleurotoid species in that section by its layered caespitose habit, a brown spore deposit and a tomentose pileus surface composed of a well-developed layer of hyaline, erect, filamentous hyphae. Phylogenetic analysis using nucleotide sequence data from the nuclear large ribosomal subunit gene indicates a close relationship between R. paurii and the type species of the genus, Rhodocybe caelata. This analysis also suggests a possible paraphyly of the genus Rhodocybe and supports monophyly of Entoloma sensu lato.     

A new species from tropical soils,Eupenicillium tropicum

Forty-three strains of Eupenicillium tropicum sp. nov. were isolated from soils collected in India, Costa Rica and Galapagos, Ecuador. The species is characterized by biverticillate penicilli, slightly rough, subglobose to ovate conidia, brownish cleistothecia that become brown-gray with age, and ascospores with two equatorial flanges and slightly roughened valves. All strains produced a large number of indole alkaloids, and many types of unknown secondary metabolites with characteristic chromophores were produced by a majority of strains. Eupenicillium tropicum is morphologically most similar to E. shearii, but based on ITS-LSU sequences, is most closely related to Penicillium citrinum, P. sartoryi and P. westlingii. Eupenicillium shearii strains consistently produce paxillin, paspalinine and shearinins, while the latter three penicillia all produce citrinin consistently.     

On the occurrence of two new species of Trichophyton in Indian soils

Summary Two new species ofTrichophyton, T. indicum andT. evolceanui, isolated from soil in India by the hair baiting technique, are described.T. indicum is characterized by its flat colony and delicately roughened microconidia. It is common and widely distributed in soil in India. T. evolceanui can be distinguished fromT. indicum by its heaped and folded colony on tomato juice agar and its echinulate and obovate microconidia which are consistently wider than those ofT. indicum on the various culture media tested.T. evolceanui also differs fromT. indicum in producing perforating organs on hair in vitro soil culture. It has restricted occurrence in Indian soils.     

Candida vanriji nova species a new yeast from Swedish soils

Summary A new species of Candida is described: it was isolated from soils of Sweden. This species is named Candida vanriji nova species in honour of Mrs. N. W. Kreger-Van Rij of the C. B. S. of Delft.     

Pseudoeurotium globosum n. sp., a new ascomycete from Indian soils

Summary The namePseudoeurotium globosum Rai andTewari n. sp. has been given to a fungus isolated from soil collected from the banks of a stream in village Harchandpur, District Rae Bareli, (U.P.) India. This form is distinguished from any other described so far in this genus, in having multisporous asci with large globose ascospores. P.globosum n. sp. inhabits a specialised habitat, and this along with the fact that it was isolated only byWarcup's Soil-plate Method, makes it an ecologically interesting form.     

A new species of peyronellaea from Indian soil

Summary A new species of genusPeyronellaea, P. indianensis sp. nov., has been described. Its isolation from the soil is the first record to science. It differs from previously recorded five species parasitizing various host plants. As it is isolated on a filter paper buried in the soil, it is a cellulose decomposing fungus     

A new species of Monosporium from Indian soil

Summary A new species ofMonosporium, M. bharatensis sp. nov. has been described in this paper. For the first time it has been isolated from Indian soil.     

A new species of Syspastospora from tropical soils

Syspastospora tropicalis sp. nov. isolated from soil samples from different tropical regions is described and illustrated. The fungus can be easily separated from the other species of the genus by its setose perithecial ascomata with a short papillate neck.     

A new species of Poroconiochaeta from Russian soils

Poroconiochaeta tetraspora sp. nov., isolated from soil of Russia, is described and illustrated. The new taxon differs from P. discoidea in its four-spored asci (eight-spored in P. discoidea) and from P. punctulata in the pattern of ascospore ornamentation, which is conspicuously pitted in P. tetraspora (punctulate in the other species). The new combination Poroconiochaeta savoryi is proposed and discussed.     

帚霉属三个新种及中国土壤中已知种的分种检索表（英文）

从中国不同地区的土壤中分离获得3个帚霉属新种及一个中国新记录种:长梗帚霉Scopulariopsis longipes sp.nov.、青霉状帚霉S.penicillioides sp.nov.,具瘤帚霉S.verrucifera sp.nov.和雪白帚霉S.nivea。对新种作了详细的描述。主模式、干制培养物及活菌种均保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP);等模式标本(干制培养物)保存在中国科学院菌物标本馆(HMAS)。提供了已知中国土壤中帚霉属真菌13个种的分种检索表。     

Three new resorcylic acid derivatives from Sporotrichum laxum

Sporotrichum laxum ATCC 15155 is the producing strain of the potent anti-Helicobacter pylori natural product spirolaxine (1). Investigation of the secondary metabolites in this fungus led to the isolation of five phthalides (1, 2, 3, 6 and 9) and five resorcylic acid derivatives (4, 5, 7, 8 and 10), among which 5, 7 and 8 are new compounds. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configurations of 7 and 8 were determined by Mosher’s method. Addition of soy flour into the potato dextrose agar has led to the increased production of 4–10. A biosynthetic pathway consisting of a highly reducing polyketide synthase (PKS), a nonreducing PKS and a series of tailoring enzymes was proposed to produce these fungal natural products. The resorcylic acid derivatives are proposed to result from early hydrolysis of the polyketide chain or incorporation of a longer fatty acyl starter unit.     

A new species of Gigaspora from desert soils of Rajasthan,India

A new species of the endogonaceous fungus Gigaspora, isolated from the Indian semi-arid region, is described. The fungus, named G. tuberculata, produces rusty-brown azygospores with septate subtending hypha. The azygospores bear warts all over the outer wall. The shape, size and general appearance of these spores resemble those of Scutellospora persica.Neeraj and A.K. Varma are with the Microbiology Unit, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India; K.G. Mukerji is with the Applied Mycology Laboratory, Botany Department, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 006, India. B.C. Sharma is with the Department of Textile Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110 016, India.     

Rosenhlattichthys nemotoi,a new species of scopelarchidae,from the south Indian Ocean Subtropical Convergence Zone

Rosenblattichthys nemotoi is described from a single larval specimen, 37 mm SL (standard length) taken from the southern Indian Ocean Subtropical Convergence Zone. This species differs from all otherRosenblattichthys in meristic characters (25 anal-fin rays, 26 or 27 pectoral-fin rays), configuration of accessory pigment areas (two areas present; a dorsal area (DA) and a midlateral peduncular area (PDA), and nonprecocity of pectoral-fin development. All other records ofRosenblattichthys are from tropical or subtropical waters.     

Five new Simplicillium species (Cordycipitaceae) from soils in Tokyo,Japan

Eighteen Simplicillium isolates were discovered from soil samples collected on the Honshu, Bonin, and Izu islands in areas under the jurisdiction of Tokyo, Japan. Using a combination of micro-morphological characteristics and sequences of the ribosomal RNA gene ITS region, the isolates were classified as six Simplicillium species, and five of them were previously undescribed. The five species (Simplicillium aogashimaense, Simplicillium cylindrosporum, Simplicillium obclavatum, Simplicillium subtropicum and Simplicillium sympodiophorum) were discovered from the Chichi-jima, Hachijo, and Aogashima islands, and Simplicillium minatense was discovered from Honshu. The five new species and three known species are distinguished by conidial morphology.     

Four new species of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from India,with a key to Indian species

Four new species of Anagrus (Anagrus) Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) are described from India: A. (Anagrus) karnatakus Triapitsyn sp. n., A. (Anagrus) kolhapurensis Manickavasagam & Sankararaman sp. n., A. (Anagrus) latus Manickavasagam & Sankararaman sp. n. and A. (Anagrus) sujathae Manickavasagam & Sankararaman sp. n. A key to females of the 15 described and one undescribed species of Anagrus known from India is provided.www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:99ED388D-BE3E-4FBA-A383-3482D96DA42F.     

Vittatispora, a new melanosporaceous genus from Indian soil

Vittatispora coorgii gen. sp. nov., isolated from soil in India, is described and illustrated. The fungus has morphological characteristics of the genera Melanospora, Sphaerodes and Syspastospora. The most striking feature is the presence of a thick hyaline ridge along the vertical axis of the lemon-shaped ascospores wall. Perithecia also have a long neck composed of adhering hyphae, similar to that of Syspatospora. Phylogenetic studies on the 28S rDNA indicate it is closely related to Melanospora and Sphaerodes and belongs in the Ceratostomataceae. The new genus is based on the distinctive morphology and phylogenetic analyses. The fungus grew in culture only conjointly with a sterile fungus which a BLAST analysis suggested was close to Tetracladium marchalianum.     

A new lacazelline species (Brachiopoda,Recent) from the Maldive Islands,Indian Ocean

A new lacazelline brachiopod species is described from reef caves in the outer reef slope zone off Addu and South Male atolls in the Maldive Islands, Indian Ocean. Based on anatomical features of the soft parts, shell morphology and shell microstructure the new taxon is assigned to the genus Ospreyella Lüter and Wörheide 2003 in the subfamily Lacazellinae of the family Thecideidae. This new species, here named O. maldiviana and representing the first occurrence of the genus in the Indian Ocean, is compared with the type species O. depressa Luter from Osprey Reef, Coral Sea, Australia. Comparisons are made between Ospreyella (now two species) and the other extant lacazelline genera Lacazella Munier‐Chalmas (three species) and Pajaudina Logan (one species).     

柯夫丝膜菌,中国丝膜菌属一新种(英文)

报道了产自我国云南的丝膜菌属一新种:柯夫丝膜菌Cortinarius korfii。该新种主要特征为菌盖表面橄榄褐色并具小鳞片,菌褶蓝紫色,菌柄表面具绒毛,子实体在紫外光下有显著的荧光反应。详细描述了这一新种,并与其相似种进行了比较。