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脉冲电泳核型分析在酿酒酵母菌分类学研究中的应用 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
根据酵母属( Saccharomyces Meyen ex Reess) 分类学研究最新进展,核实并更新了保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心的该属菌株的种类归属。在形态和生理生化性状,包括对6 种糖的发酵能力、对18 种碳源和3 种氮源化合物的同化能力、在无维生素培养基中和37 ℃下的生长情况、对放线菌素酮的抗性等常规分类学研究的基础上,对部分疑难菌株进行了脉冲电泳核型比较分析。酿酒酵母( Saccharomycescerevisiae) 、贝酵母( S.Bayanus) 和巴氏酵母( S.Pastorianus) 三者与少孢酵母( S.Exiguus) 在电泳核型上具有明显的差异,主要表现在前三者染色体DNA 分子的大小范围均为225 ~2200 kb ,而S.Exiguus 缺少小于365 kb 的染色体DNA 分子。S.Cerevisiae 的模式和权威菌株具有12 ~14 条染色体DNA 带;S.Bayanus 和S.Pastorianus 的模式菌株均有17 条带,但在带型上存在一定差异。原归于S.Cerevisiae 的株菌AS2-100 具有16 条带,与S.Cerevisiae 区别明显而与S.… 相似文献
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宁夏枸杞根腐病病原的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
将1989-1991年采集的宁夏枸杞根腐病标样进行分离、接种后证明,致病菌有:前类镰刀菌[Fusariumsolani(Mart.)Sacc.],尖孢镰刀菌[F.Oxysporumschl.],同色镰刀菌(F.concolorReinking),串珠镰刀菌(F.Moniliformesheldon)。其中后三种为国内首次报道,并对致病力最强的尖孢镰刀菌作了培养特性、形态特征、寄主范围方面的研究。同色镰刀菌和串珠镰刀菌为弱寄生菌。 相似文献
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高产稳产聚羟基烷酸的重组大肠杆菌的构建 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
重组大肠杆菌Escherichia coliHMS174(pTZ18UPHB) 含有携带聚羟基烷酸(PHA) 合成基因( phaCAB)** 的质粒pTZ18UPHB,是很有潜力的PHA 生产菌,但存在着质粒不稳定和不能合成3羟基丁酸(3HB) 与3羟基戊酸(3HV) 共聚物[P(3HBco3HV)] 的缺陷。将RK2 质粒上的par DE 基因引入pTZ18UPHB 构成质粒pJMC2 ,该质粒可以在宿主E.ColiHMS174 中稳定遗传。将培养基中的磷酸盐浓度降至18 m mol/L,发现E.Coli HMS174(pJMC2) 能够以丙酸为前体合成P(3HBco3HV) ,其中3HV 在共聚物中的含量为5 % ~8 % 。在5L自动发酵罐中分批补料培养E.Coli HMS174(pJMC2) ,培养基初始磷酸盐浓度为15 m mol/L,30 h 后每升培养液中干菌体可达42-5 g,P(3HBco3HV) 占干重的70 % ,其中3HV 在共聚物中的含量为4-9 % 。 相似文献
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以携有结合转座子Tn916的Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2为供体,脱卤脱亚硫酸菌HSS1(Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans,Sm抗性突变株)为受体,在厌氧条件下,通过滤膜杂交、结合转移,将Th916转移并插入到受体菌的染色体上,其转移频率为:1.1×10-7~3×10-8。 在丙酮酸/乳酸-3-氯-4-羟基苯氧乙酸、Tc、Sm培养基上,筛选脱氯呼吸的缺陷型突变株,并用反向PCR(I 相似文献
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在适宜培养条件下,Pseudomonassp31260能将木糖转化为酸性胞外多糖(EPS),用甲基磺酸乙醋(EMS)诱变处理 Pseudomonassp31260得到一株完全不产生胞外多糖的突变菌株E16。 相似文献
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L-山梨糖脱氢酶的纯化及性质的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从5L罐发酵L-山梨糖的Gluconobacter SCB329和Bacillus thuringiensis SCB933混合菌株中差速离心收集SCB329菌体,破碎,离心获得无细胞抽提液,硫酸铵分级沉淀蛋白后依次经DEAECellulose 52和Q Sepharose FF柱层析分离得到了L-山梨糖脱氢酶(SDH),它能将L-山梨糖脱氢氧化为L-山梨酮,SDS-PAGE电泳测得分子量约为60KD。动力学性研究表明它为一个典型的Michaelis-Menten氏酶,对L-山 相似文献
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A Veillonella species and Bacteroides fragilis were isolated from the cecal contents of adult chickens. When growth on an agar medium supplemented with 0.4% glucose and adjusted to pH 6.5, mixed cultures containing Veillonella and B. fragilis inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhimurium; Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Decreasing the glucose concentration of the agar decreased the inhibitory activity of the mixed culture. Mixed cultures grown on agar media supplemented with 0.5% glucose and adjusted to pH 6.5, 7.0 or 7.5 also inhibited the growth of S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, E. coli 0157:H7 and P. aeruginosa. However, increasing the pH of the agar decreased the inhibitory activity of the mixed culture. Pure cultures of Veillonella or B. fragilis did not inhibit the growth of S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, E. coli 0157:H7 or P. aeruginosa on any of the agar supplemented with different concentrations of glucose or on any of the agar adjusted to different pH levels. The inhibitory activity of the mixed culture was correlated with the concentration of volatile fatty acids that were formed as B. fragilis metabolized glucose to produce succinate and acetate and as the succinate produced by B. fragilis was decarboxylated by Veillonella to produce propionate. 相似文献
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Comparison of the tryptophan synthetase alpha-subunits of several species of Enterobacteriaceae 总被引:13,自引:9,他引:4
Creighton, T. E. (Stanford University, Stanford), D. R. Helinski, R. L. Somerville, and C. Yanofsky. Comparison of the tryptophan synthetase alpha subunits of several species of Enterobacteriaceae. J. Bacteriol. 91:1819-1826. 1966.-The tryptophan synthetase alpha subunits of Escherichia coli K-12, E. coli B, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhimurium, and Aerobacter aerogenes have been purified and their structures compared. Each of these alpha subunits exhibits a sedimentation coefficient of about 2.7S. Peptide patterns of trypsin plus chymotrypsin digests of the alpha subunits have indicated that all of the alpha subunits have peptide regions in common. The patterns of E. coli K-12, E. coli B, and S. dysenteriae alpha subunits appear to be nearly identical, whereas the alpha subunits from S. typhimurium and A. aerogenes differ from those of E. coli and from each other. It has also been shown that the E. coli structural gene for the alpha subunit is translated identically in E. coli and S. typhimurium. 相似文献
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Export of glutathione by some widely used Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli strains. 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
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Significant levels of extracellular glutathione (GSH) were detected in aerobically grown cultures of some strains of Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 and in Escherichia coli K-12, B, and B/r but not in cultures of nine freshly isolated clinical isolates of E. coli. Cultures of S. typhimurium generally contained less total GSH (intracellular plus external) than did E. coli cultures. S. typhimurium TA1534 contained about 2 mM intracellular GSH and exported about 30% of its total GSH. The external GSH concentration increased logarithmically during exponential growth and peaked at about 24 microM in early-stationary-phase cultures. External accumulation of GSH was inhibited by 30 mM NaN3. GSH was predominantly exported in the reduced form. Two-dimensional paper chromatography of supernatants from cultures labeled with Na2(35)SO4 confirmed the presence of GSH and revealed five other sulfur-containing compounds in the media of S. typhimurium and E. coli cultures. The five unidentified compounds were not derivatives of GSH. 相似文献
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Cloning and properties of the Salmonella typhimurium tricarboxylate transport operon in Escherichia coli. 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
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The tricarboxylate transport operon (tctI) was cloned in Escherichia coli as a 12-kilobase (kb) fragment from an EcoRI library of the Salmonella typhimurium chromosome in lambda gtWES. It was further subcloned as a 12-kb fragment into pACYC184 and as an 8-kb fragment into pBR322. By insertional mutagenesis mediated by lambda Tn5, restriction mapping, and phenotypic testing, the tctI operon was localized to a 4.5-kb region. The tctC gene which encodes a periplasmic binding protein (C protein) was located near the center of the insert. E. coli/tctI clones on either multicopy or single-copy vectors grew on the same tricarboxylates as S. typhimurium, although unusually long growth lags were observed. E. coli/tctI clones exhibited similar [14C]fluorocitrate transport kinetics to those of S. typhimurium, whereas E. coli alone was virtually impermeable to [14C]fluorocitrate. The periplasmic C proteins (C1 and C2 isoelectric forms) were produced in prodigious quantities from the cloned strains. Motile E. coli/tctI clones were not chemotactic toward citrate, whereas tctI deletion mutants of S. typhimurium were. Taken together, these observations indicate that tctI is not an operon involved in chemotaxis. 相似文献
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Growth promoting properties and selectivity of 11 commercially produced media recommended for Salmonella and Shigella isolation were evaluated. The following media were tested: EMB (Eosin methylene blue agar), Endo, P?oskiriew, MacConkey, DC (Deoxycholate citrate agar), SS (Salmonella-Shigella agar), BS (Bismuth sulfite agar) and Mueller-Hinton as a medium with no selective properties. The media were produced in Czechoslovakia, East Germany, West Germany, Poland, and Soviet Union. Quantitative studies were performed on 71 strains representing 8 genera of Enterobacteriaceae family; both reference and wild newly + isolated from clinical material strains were included. It was found that none of DC and BS media provided suitable growth conditions for Shigella strains and in particular for S. dysenteriae, S. boydii, and S. flexneri. It was also found that the same medium (name and content) but derived from different producer can vary significantly in respect to growth promotion and selectivity especially for Shigella strains. All media with selective, differentiating properties for Salmonella and Shigella isolation should not be used without previous quantitative control test for their selective and growth promoting properties checked by user. The need for such a control performed both on reference and freshly isolated strains was shown in this study. In the set of control strains all species of Shigella should be represented. 相似文献
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Low-pH-induced effects on patterns of protein synthesis and on internal pH in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium were grown in a supplemented minimal medium (SMM) at a pH of 7.0 or 5.0 or were shifted from pH 7.0 to 5.0. Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of proteins labeled with H2(35)SO4 for 20 min during the shift showed that in E. coli, 13 polypeptides were elevated 1.5- to 4-fold, whereas in S. typhimurium, 19 polypeptides were increased 2- to 14-fold over the pH 7.0 control. Upon long-term growth at pH 5.0, almost double the number of polypeptides were elevated twofold or more in S. typhimurium compared with E. coli. In E. coli, there was no apparent induction of heat shock proteins upon growth at pH 5.0 in SMM. However, growth of E. coli in a complex broth to pH 5.0, or subsequent growth of fresh E. coli cells in the filtrate from this culture, showed that a subset of five polypeptides is uniquely induced by low pH. Two of these polypeptides, D60.5, the inducible lysyl-tRNA synthetase, and C62.5, are known heat shock proteins. Measurements of the internal pH (pHi) and growth rates of both organisms were made during growth in SMM at pH 7.0, pH 5.0, and upon the pH shift. The data show that the pHi of E. coli decreases more severely than that of S. typhimurium at an external pH of 5.0; the growth rate of E. coli is about one-half that of S. typhimurium at this pH, whereas the two organisms have the same growth rate at pH 7.0. The two-dimensional gel, growth, and pHi experiments collectively suggest that, at least in SMM, S. typhimurium is more adaptive to low-pH stress than is E. coli. 相似文献
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Low-pH-induced effects on patterns of protein synthesis and on internal pH in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:10
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Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium were grown in a supplemented minimal medium (SMM) at a pH of 7.0 or 5.0 or were shifted from pH 7.0 to 5.0. Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of proteins labeled with H2(35)SO4 for 20 min during the shift showed that in E. coli, 13 polypeptides were elevated 1.5- to 4-fold, whereas in S. typhimurium, 19 polypeptides were increased 2- to 14-fold over the pH 7.0 control. Upon long-term growth at pH 5.0, almost double the number of polypeptides were elevated twofold or more in S. typhimurium compared with E. coli. In E. coli, there was no apparent induction of heat shock proteins upon growth at pH 5.0 in SMM. However, growth of E. coli in a complex broth to pH 5.0, or subsequent growth of fresh E. coli cells in the filtrate from this culture, showed that a subset of five polypeptides is uniquely induced by low pH. Two of these polypeptides, D60.5, the inducible lysyl-tRNA synthetase, and C62.5, are known heat shock proteins. Measurements of the internal pH (pHi) and growth rates of both organisms were made during growth in SMM at pH 7.0, pH 5.0, and upon the pH shift. The data show that the pHi of E. coli decreases more severely than that of S. typhimurium at an external pH of 5.0; the growth rate of E. coli is about one-half that of S. typhimurium at this pH, whereas the two organisms have the same growth rate at pH 7.0. The two-dimensional gel, growth, and pHi experiments collectively suggest that, at least in SMM, S. typhimurium is more adaptive to low-pH stress than is E. coli. 相似文献
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Inhibitory effect of clove oil on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella dysenteriae and Candida albicans was detected. Mint ether oil had the high antibacterial action on S. aureus, however against other microorganisms mint oil had a reliably low effect then clove oil. Fennel oil had high antibacterial effect on C. albicans, and bactericidal action on S. typhimurium and S. dysenteriae. 相似文献
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藜蒿提取物抑菌作用的初步研究 总被引:19,自引:1,他引:18
采用榨汁、水提、醇提等 3种不同的方法 ,提取藜蒿中的抗菌有效成分。测定了各种提取物对 14种食品腐败菌的最低抑菌浓度 ( MIC) ,结果表明 :1.藜蒿汁的 MIC:痢疾杆菌为 2 5% ,大肠杆菌为 2 5% ,巨大芽孢杆菌为 50 % ,面包酵母为 5% ;2 .藜蒿水提物的 MIC:痢疾杆菌为 2 .5% ,大肠杆菌为 5% ,巨大芽孢杆菌为 5% ,面包酵母为 10 % ;3.黎蒿醇提物的 MIC:痢疾杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌均为 5% ,蜡状芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、面包酵母、黄曲霉均为 10 % ,产朊酵母、裂殖酵母、异常汉逊酵母、白地霉、桔青霉、镰刀霉均为 2 0 % 相似文献
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AIMS: The purpose of this study was to investigate in vitro the antibacterial activity of the Lactobacillus helveticus strain KS300 against vaginosis-associated bacteria including Gardnerella vaginalis and Prevotella bivia, uropathogenic Escherichia coli, and diarrhoeagenic Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. METHODS AND RESULTS: The KS300 strain inhibited the growth of G. vaginalis, P. bivia, S. typhimurium, and pathogenic E. coli. After direct co-culture, data show that the Lactobacillus strain decreased the viability of G. vaginalis, P. bivia, S. typhimurium, and pathogenic E. coli. The adhering KS300 strain inhibited the adhesion of G. vaginalis DSM 4944 and uropathogenic Dr-positive E. coli IH11128 onto HeLa cells. Moreover, the KS300 strain inhibited the internalization of uropathogenic Dr-positive E. coli IH11128 within HeLa cells and S. typhimurium SL1344 within Caco-2/TC7 cells. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate that L. helveticus strain KS300 is adhesive onto cultured human cells and has antagonistic activities against vaginosis-associated, uropathogenic and diarrhoeagenic pathogens. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Adhering L. helveticus strain KS300 is a potential probiotic strain displaying a strain-specific array of in vitro antibacterial activities. 相似文献