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Bio-based production of chemicals, materials and fuels -Corynebacterium glutamicum as versatile cell factory 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Since their discovery almost 60 years ago, Corynebacterium glutamicum and related subspecies are writing a remarkable success story in industrial biotechnology. Today, these gram-positive soil bacteria, traditionally well-known as excellent producers of L-amino acids are becoming flexible, efficient production platforms for various chemicals, materials and fuels. This development is intensively driven by systems metabolic engineering concepts integrating systems biology and synthetic biology into strain engineering. 相似文献
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Pyrolysis of triglyceride materials for the production of renewable fuels and chemicals 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Conversion of vegetable oils and animal fats composed predominantly of triglycerides using pyrolysis type reactions represents a promising option for the production of renewable fuels and chemicals. The purpose of this article was to collect and review literature on the thermo-chemical conversion of triglyceride based materials. The literature was divided and discussed as (1) direct thermal cracking and (2) combination of thermal and catalytic cracking. Typically, four main catalyst types are used including transition metal catalysts, molecular sieve type catalysts, activated alumina, and sodium carbonate. Reaction products are heavily dependant on the catalyst type and reaction conditions and can range from diesel like fractions to gasoline like fractions. Research in this area is not as advanced as bio-oil and bio-diesel research and there is opportunity for further study in the areas of reaction optimization, detailed characterization of products and properties, and scale-up. 相似文献
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《Current opinion in biotechnology》2013,24(3):376-384
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Pharmacoproteomics and toxicoproteomics: the field of dreams 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yu LR 《Journal of Proteomics》2011,74(12):2549-2553
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《Current opinion in biotechnology》2013,24(6):1044-1053
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Whole cells of algae, cyanobacteria and photosynthetic bacteria entrapped in alginate gels or polyurethane foams can retain their photo-synthetic activities for months and in some cases for years. Such immobilized cells can be used in bioreactors for the production of H2, NH3, NADPH2, carbohydrates, hydrocarbons, etc., with sunlight as the energy source. 相似文献
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《Current opinion in biotechnology》2013,24(3):391-397
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The conventional biochemical platform featuring enzymatic hydrolysis involves five key steps: pretreatment, cellulase production, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and product recovery. Sugars are produced as reactive intermediates for subsequent fermentation to fuels and chemicals. Herein, an alternative biochemical route is proposed. Pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and cellulase production is consolidated into one single step, referred to as consolidated aerobic processing, and sugar aldonates are produced as the reactive intermediates for biofuels production by fermentation. In this study, we demonstrate the viability of consolidation of the enzymatic hydrolysis and cellulase production steps in the new route using Neurospora crassa as the model microorganism and the conversion of cellulose to ethanol as the model system. We intended to prove the two hypotheses: 1) cellulose can be directed to produce cellobionate by reducing β-glucosidase production and by enhancing cellobiose dehydrogenase production; and 2) both of the two hydrolysis products of cellobionate--glucose and gluconate--can be used as carbon sources for ethanol and other chemical production. Our results showed that knocking out multiple copies of β-glucosidase genes led to cellobionate production from cellulose, without jeopardizing the cellulose hydrolysis rate. Simulating cellobiose dehydrogenase over-expression by addition of exogenous cellobiose dehydrogenase led to more cellobionate production. Both of the two hydrolysis products of cellobionate: glucose and gluconate can be used by Escherichia coli KO 11 for efficient ethanol production. They were utilized simultaneously in glucose and gluconate co-fermentation. Gluconate was used even faster than glucose. The results support the viability of the two hypotheses that lay the foundation for the proposed new route. 相似文献
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The production of liquid and gaseous fuels and industrial chemicals from selected biomass by a process known as biorefining is reviewed. Four broad categories of biomass appear to be suitable feedstocks: woody biomass and forest residues, agricultural residues, directly fermentable crop-grown biomass, and municipal solid waste and sewage sludge. Through the development of suppressed methane fermentation techniques, it is possible to produce valuable organic chemicals such as acetic acid and ethyl acetate, and liquid fuel (rather than fuel gas) by exercising various processing alternatives. Thus the entire field of methane fermentation has been broadened. In the petroleum refining industry, it is usually desirable to produce from crude oil an optimal mixture of industrial organic chemicals and fuels, a concept known as coproduction. The biorefining process reviewed appears to be adaptable to this same concept of coproduction using biomass as a feedstock. 相似文献
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Biotechnology offers a green alternative for the production of fuels and chemicals using microbes. Although traditional model hosts such as Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been widely studied and used, they may not be the best hosts for industrial application. In this review, we explore recent advances in the use of nonconventional hosts for the production of a variety of fuel, cosmetics, perfumes, food, and pharmaceuticals. Specifically, we highlight twenty-seven popular molecules with a special focus on recent progress and metabolic engineering strategies to enable improved production of fuels and chemicals. These examples demonstrate the promise of nonconventional host engineering. 相似文献
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《Biotechnology advances》2019,37(4):508-518
Currently used bioproduction systems for chemicals and fuels are primarily based on sugar-containing substrates. They have inherent limitations regarding substrate sustainability and affordability, product spectrum and yield, and costs for up- and downstream processing. To overcome some of these major burdens new bioproduction strategies and systems are being developed, including biorefinery, electro-biotechnology (use of electricity for biosynthesis) and C1 bioeconomy using synthetic biological systems based on C1 carbon feedstocks such as CO, CO2, methane, methanol and formic acid. In this article, the promises, development trends and challenges of these new bioproduction systems and concepts are briefly summarized and discussed. 相似文献
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Shusheng Pang 《Biotechnology advances》2019,37(4):589-597
Biomass has been recognised as a promising resource for future energy and fuels. The biomass, originated from plants, is renewable and application of its derived energy and fuels is close to carbon-neutral by considering that the growing plants absorb CO2 for photosynthesis. However, the complex physical structure and chemical composition of the biomass significantly hinder its conversion to gaseous and liquid fuels.This paper reviews recent advances in biomass thermochemical conversion technologies for energy, liquid fuels and chemicals. Combustion process produces heat or heat and power from the biomass through oxidation reactions; however, this is a mature technology and has been successfully applied in industry. Therefore, this review will focus on the remaining three thermochemical processes, namely biomass pyrolysis, biomass thermal liquefaction and biomass gasification. For biomass pyrolysis, biomass pretreatment and application of catalysts can simplify the bio-oil composition and retain high yield. In biomass liquefaction, application of appropriate solvents and catalysts improves the liquid product quality and yield. Gaseous product from biomass gasification is relatively simple and can be further processed for useful products. Dual fluidised bed (DFB) gasification technology using steam as gasification agent provides an opportunity for achieving high hydrogen content and CO2 capture with application of appropriate catalytic bed materials. In addition, multi-staged gasification technology, and integrated biomass pyrolysis and gasification as well as gasification for poly-generation have attracted increasing attention. 相似文献
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《Current opinion in biotechnology》2013,24(3):398-404
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Potential synergies and challenges in refining cellulosic biomass to fuels,chemicals, and power 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Wyman CE 《Biotechnology progress》2003,19(2):254-262
Lignocellulosic biomass such as agricultural and forestry residues and dedicated crops provides a low-cost and uniquely sustainable resource for production of many organic fuels and chemicals that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance energy security, improve the economy, dispose of problematic solid wastes, and improve air quality. A technoeconomic analysis of biologically processing lignocellulosics to ethanol is adapted to project the cost of making sugar intermediates for producing a range of such products, and sugar costs are predicted to drop with plant size as a result of economies of scale that outweigh increased biomass transport costs for facilities processing less than about 10,000 dry tons per day. Criteria are then reviewed for identifying promising chemicals in addition to fuel ethanol to make from these low cost cellulosic sugars. It is found that the large market for ethanol makes it possible to achieve economies of scale that reduce sugar costs, and coproducing chemicals promises greater profit margins or lower production costs for a given return on investment. Additionally, power can be sold at low prices without a significant impact on the selling price of sugars. However, manufacture of multiple products introduces additional technical, marketing, risk, scale-up, and other challenges that must be considered in refining of lignocellulosics. 相似文献
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《Biomass》1988,15(3):165-173
The potential of some species of Chilean Euphorbiaceae as sources of hydrocarbon-like materials was evaluated. Samples of plants excluding roots, were analyzed for CH2Cl2 extractives, resins and hydrocarbons. The presence of waxes and natural rubber (cis-1,4-polyisoprene) was confirmed using spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. C/H values for representative fractions were calculated and extracted samples from selected species analyzed for apparent protein contents. Results suggested that at least two species, Euphorbia lactiflua and Euphorbia copiapina might have an industrial potential. 相似文献
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《Current opinion in biotechnology》2013,24(6):1010-1016
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A comparison of the global warming effects of wood fuels and fossil fuels taking albedo into account
Bjart Holtsmark 《Global Change Biology Bioenergy》2015,7(5):984-997
Traditionally, wood fuels, like other bioenergy sources, have been considered carbon neutral because the amount of CO2 released can be offset by CO2 sequestration due to the regrowth of the biomass. Thus, until recently, most studies assigned a global warming potential (GWP) of zero to CO2 generated by the combustion of biomass (biogenic CO2). Moreover, emissions of biogenic CO2 are usually not included in carbon tax and emissions trading schemes. However, there is now increasing awareness of the inadequacy of this way of treating bioenergy, especially bioenergy from boreal forests. Holtsmark (2014) recently quantified the GWP of biogenic CO2 from slow‐growing forests (GWPbio), finding it to be significantly higher than the GWP of fossil CO2 when a 100 year time horizon was applied. Hence, the climate impact seems to be even higher for the combustion of slow‐growing biomass than for the combustion of fossil carbon in a 100 year timeframe. The present study extends the analysis of Holtsmark (2014) in three ways. First, it includes the cooling effects of increased surface reflectivity after harvest (albedo). Second, it includes a comparison with the potential warming impact of fossil fuels, taking the CO2 emissions per unit of energy produced into account. Third, the study links the literature estimating GWPbio and the literature dealing with the carbon debt, and model simulations estimating the payback time of the carbon debt are presented. The conclusion is that, also after these extensions of the analysis, bioenergy from slow‐growing forests usually has a larger climate impact in a 100 year timeframe than fossil oil and gas. Whether bioenergy performs better or worse than coal depends on a number of conditions. 相似文献