Neyraiella distinctus n. sp. (Oxyurida,Blattophilidae) parasite of nymphs of Gryllodes laplatae Sauss (Orthoptera,Gryllidae) in Argentina

Neyraiella distinctus n. sp. was found parasitizing nymphs of the cricket Gryllodes laplatae Sauss in City Bell, Argentina. This species was characterized by having the excretory pore in the posterior end of the basal bulb, vulva protruding with one lip well developed in the 1/3 end of the body, anus of the female with wings, male with a single spicule without any sculpture, gubernaculum and bursa are absent, six pairs of genital papillae arranged in two preanal pairs, one adanal pair and three postanal pairs, and the tail appendage in both sexes was short and conic.     

Cephalobellus lobulata n. sp. (Oxyurida:Thelastomatidae) A parasite of Neocurtilla claraziana Saussure (Orthoptera: gryllotalpidae) from Argentina

Cephalobellus lobulata n. sp. (Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae) a parasite of the mole cricket Neocurtilla claraziana Saussure (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) found in Argentina is described and illustrated. It is characterized by a short buccal cavity armed with three teeth, a striated cuticle with the first annule wide with four lobes and the second annule divided in twelve lobes. The male have three pairs of preanal papillae and two pairs of postanal papillae.     

Binema bonaerensis n. sp. (Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae) parasite of Neocurtilla claraziana Saussure (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) in Argentina.

The nematode Binema bonaerensis n. sp. (Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae) is described from the intestine of the mole cricket of Neocurtilla claraziana Saussure (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) from Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It is distinguished mainly by having a conical tail; three sclerotized arches in the buccal cavity; an excretory pore immediately posterior to the base of the esophagus and the presence of five pairs of male genital papillae with one pair preanal and four pairs postanal.     

Euryconema brevicauda n. sp. (Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae) a parasite of the mole cricket Neocurtilla claraziana (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) in Argentina

Euryconema brevicauda n. sp. parasitizing the mole cricket Neocurtilla claraziana found in Buenos Aires province, Argentina, is described and illustrated. This species is characterized by the male having 3 pairs of genital papillae, 1 pair preanal and 2 pairs postanal, and a short, conical-shaped tail.     

A new Oxyurida (Thelastomatidae) from Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Argentina

Cephalobellus cyclocephalae n. sp. (Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae), a parasite of larvae of Cyclocephala signaticollis (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), found in Argentina is described and illustrated. It is characterized by the cuticle striated at the anterior end in both sexes, with 15 annules, buccal cavity short and not armed, and the male with 4 pairs of genital papillae, 1 pair of preanal papillae, 3 pairs of postanal papillae.     

A new species of Cephalobium (Rhabditida,Cephalobiidae), a parasite of Anurogryllus muticus (De Geer) (Orthoptera,Gryllidae) in Argentina

Cephalobium odontolateralis n. sp. (Nematoda, Cephalobiidae) is described and illustrated from the nymphs of Anurogryllus muticus (De Geer) (Orthoptera, Gryllidae) from Buenos Aires province, Argentina. It is characterized by a lateral large tooth in the stoma and by the arrangement and number of the genital papillae in the male; there are 6 pairs of postanal papillae, but none is preanal.     

Ontogenesis of the cricket Gryllus argentinus Sauss. (Orthoptera, Gryllidae)

The development of Gryllus argentinus Sauss. was studied under stable laboratory conditions: the temperature of 26°C, the air humidity of 60%, and the photoperiod of 12h light: 12 h dark. The life cycle of Gryllus argentinus includes four stages: egg, pronymph, nymph, and adult. The duration of embryonic development is 18 days. The depth of egg bedding in the peat is 9.63 ± 0.12 mm (n =145), the clutch containing 2–4 eggs. A female can lay over 1100 viable eggs during the entire oviposition period. Nymphal development includes 9 instars and lasts 97 days. The duration of nymphal instars (days) is: I—5; II—6; III—6; IV—6; V—8; VI—10; VII—13; VIII—14; IX—29. The duration of the adult life is 51 days in males and 69 days, in females. In the imaginal ontogenesis of males and females, three periods can be distinguished: pre-reproductive, reproductive, and postreproductive. Males start to emit the aggressive signal on the 6th (5–8th) day (the pre-reproductive period). They enter the reproductive period (start to emit the calling song) on the 9th (8–13th) day. Females enter the reproductive period (become capable of responding to the calling song and of copulation) on the 9th (8–10th) day. Oviposition starts on the day after the first copulation. The reproductive period lasts about 40 (15–59) days in males and 58 (21–70) days in females. The post-reproductive period starts in females at the moment of finishing the egg laying period and in males, with disappearance of reproductive behavior. The period ends in the animal’s death.     

维蟋属分类研究及两新种记述（直翅目：蟋蟀科：距蟋亚科）

对维蟋属Valiatrella进行了系统研究,并记述2新种： 多突维蟋V. multiprotubera sp. nov.（雄性,云南）和片维蟋V. laminaria sp. nov.（雄性,贵州）; 同时报道中国1新记录种： 姊妹维蟋V. sororia (Gorochov, 2002)（贵州）。新种模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆。     

Two new species of the genus Comidoblemmus Storozhenko & Paik from China (Orthoptera,Gryllidae)

Two new species of Comidoblemmus Storozhenko & Paik, 2009 are described and illustrated, Comidoblemmus sororius sp. n. (CHINA, Zhejiang) and Comidoblemmus excavatus sp. n. (CHINA, Guizhou). A key and a distribution map of all species in the world are presented.     

A new species of Thelastomathidae (Nematoda) a parasite of Neocurtilla claraziana Saussure (Orthoptera,Gryllotalpidae) in Argentina

Gryllophila cephalobulata n. sp. (Nematoda, Thelastomatidae) a parasite of the mole cricket Neocurtilla claraziana (Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae) isolated in Buenos Aires Province, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by cuticle annulated all along the length of the body; the first ring has 4 lobules, the second one has 14 lobules, the others rings are simple, the stoma is short and has 4 small teeth, the genital papillae are arranged in 5 pairs, of which 3 pairs are preanal and 2 pairs are postanal. The tail appendage of the male is long and filiform.     

Broad infectivity of Leidynema appendiculatum (Nematoda: Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae) parasite of the smokybrown cockroach Periplaneta fuliginosa (Blattodea: Blattidae)

Host specificity of parasites is important for the understanding of evolutionary strategies of parasitism that would be a basis of predictions of the disease expansion when parasitized hosts invade new environments. The nematode order Oxyurida is an interesting parasite group for studying the evolution of parasitism as it includes parasites of both invertebrates and vertebrates. In our survey, we found that the smokybrown cockroach Periplaneta fuliginosa was primarily infected with only one nematode species Leidynema appendiculatum. In two cases, L. appendiculatum was isolated from two additional cockroach species Pycnoscelus surinamensis, sold in Japan as a reptile food, and Blatta lateralis, captured in the field and cultured in the laboratory. Inoculation of L. appendiculatum into three additional cockroach species P. japonica, Blattella nipponica, and P. surinamensis also resulted in parasitism. Infection prevalence was high, and timing of postembryonic development from hatched nematode larva to mature adult in these hosts was identical with that in P. fuliginosa. While ecological interactions strongly determine the host range, such broad infectivity is still possible in this parasitic nematode.     

A taxonomic study of genus Teleogryllus from East Asia (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

Crickets belonging to Teleogryllus spp. are widely distributed in East Asia and they are difficult to distinguish. In this study, a phylogenetic tree of Teleogryllus is reconstructed by COI gene, and all species can be distinguished well. The possible evolutionary histories of male genitalia, songs and life history are discussed. The result supports establishing subgenera Macroteleogryllus and Brachyteleogryllus of Teleogryllus spp. from East Asia. T. boninensis is moved to Brachyteleogryllus. The calling song of four species includes both long and short chirps, and the rest just have single chirps. The species inhabit sympatrically trend to have different type of calling song. Egg overwinter type evolved several times independently.     

运用RAPD技术对棺头蟋属昆虫亲缘关系的研究

用RAPD技术研究了棺头蟋属Loxoblemmus 9个种的亲缘关系。研究中每种使用了3个标本,试验所用的54种随机引物中,有9种引物能扩增出清晰而稳定的多态性片断,多态性片断共计193条。根据扩增结果,计算了个体间及种间扩增片断共享度和遗传距离,用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,构建系统树。每个种均各自聚为一类,聚类结果所呈现的属内种间关系与传统分类研究基本一致。     

内蒙古拟埃蝗属一新种记述（直翅目：剑角蝗科）

记述采自内蒙古锡林浩特地区拟埃蝗属1新种,即锡林拟埃蝗Pseudoeoscyllina xilingensis sp.nov.附有拟埃蝗属分种检索表。新种的模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室。     

青海省石栖蝗属一新种（直翅目：网翅蝗科）

记述采自青海省河卡山地区石栖蝗属1新种,即青海石栖蝗Saxetophilus qinghaiensis sp.nov.,该新种近似于甘肃石栖蝗Saxetophilus gansuensis Wang et al.,2006及米氏石栖蝗Saxetophilus mistshenkoi Naumovitsh,1988。主要区别为:1)前胸背板沟后区侧隆线间最宽处为其长度的3.30-3.75倍(♂)或3.00-3.60倍(♀);2)中胸腹板侧叶间中隔宽大于侧叶最宽处。附有石栖蝗属分种检索表。新种的模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室。     

A new genus and a new species of Akicerinae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Pamphagidae) from Libya

A new genus, Neotmethis gen. n., with a new species, Neotmethis bidentatus sp. n., from the Fezzan Province of Libya is described and illustrated. A key to the Libyan genera of the subfamily Akicerinae is provided. Some additional characters of female genitalia at generic and species level are also provided.