中国隙蛛属一新种（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）

本文描述了漏斗蛛科隙蛛属一新种:波纹隙蛛(Coelotesundulatussp.nov.)。该新种产于福建省武夷山自然保护区。文内对该新种的鉴别特征进行了简要描述,并附有触肢器图。     

中国隙蛛属七新种（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）

隙蛛属Ｃｏｅｌｏｔｅｓ隶属呈漏斗蛛科Ａｇｅｌｅｎｉｄａｅ．本文记述隙蛛属蜘蛛七新种：双轮隙Ｃ．ｓｙｚｙｇｉａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,月形隙蛛Ｃ．ｌｕｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,似阴暗隙蛛Ｃ．ｓｕｂｌｕｃｔｕｏｓｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,弯曲隙Ｃ．ｐａｌｉｎｉｔｒｏｐｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

中国南方漏斗蛛三新种（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）

本文记述神农架地区隙蛛属和蟋蛛属的蜘蛛三新种：珍珠隙蛛Ｃｏｅｌｏｔｅｓ ｂａｃｃａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;距形隙蛛Ｃｏｅｌｏｔｅｓ ｃａｌｃａｒｉｆｏｒｍｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;象牙蟠蛛Ｃｉｃｕｒｉｎａ ｅｂｕｒｎｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

中国漏斗蛛属蜘蛛六新种（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）

本文记述我国漏斗蛛属六新种:帚状漏斗蛛Agelena scopulata;船形漏斗蛛Agelena cymbiforma;耳形漏斗蛛Agelena otiforma;拟缘漏斗蛛Agelana sublimbata;灰色漏斗蛛Agelena poliosata;桑植漏斗蛛Agelena sangzhien sis。文内对种的鉴别特征均有扼要描述,并绘有外雌器和触肢器鉴别特征图。     

鄂西南隙蛛属一新种及一种漏斗蛛属蜘蛛的记述(蜘蛛目:暗蛛科,漏斗蛛科)

本文报道了采自湖北省利川县的暗蛛科（Amaurobiidae）隙蛛属（Coelotes）一新种和漏斗蛛科（Agelenidae）漏斗蛛属（Agelena）一种蜘蛛：利川隙蛛,新种C．lichuanensissp．nov．和灰色漏斗蛛A．poliosataWang,1991。     

中国隙蛛属四新种和一新纪录种记述(蜘蛛目:漏斗蛛科)

本文报道朱传典采自四川省和吉林省的隙蛛属(Coelotes)蜘蛛四新种和一新纪录种:三重隙蛛,新种C.trifasaiatussp.nov.;杯状隙蛛,新种C.tryblionatussp.nov.;龙骨隙蛛,新种C.tropidosatussp.nov.;螺形隙蛛,新种C.gyriniformissp.nov.和游荡隙蛛C.erraticusNishikawa,1983。     

迷宫漏斗蛛Aglena labyrinthica的染色体（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）

报告迷宫漏斗蛛的染色体数目,形态结构和性染色体组成,结果表明,迷宫漏斗蛛体细胞染色体数目是：雄性２ｎ＝４２,雌性２ｎ＝４４,性别决定机制属Ｘ１Ｘ２Ｏ型,Ｘ染色体是全部染色体中最长的和最短的２个（对）,染色体似乎均为端或亚端着丝粒染色体,这由Ｃ－显带标本分析所证实,没有亚中着丝粒染色体的证据,Ｃ－带标本分析表明,常染色体中,各条染色全的Ｃ－带纹,其大小和染色深浅无明显差异,但Ｘ２染色体上有明显宽的Ｃ     

中国隙蛛属1新种（蜘蛛目：暗蛛科）

记述我国暗蛛科隙蛛属1新种,即郴州隙蛛,新种Coelotes chenzhou sp.nov.。     

贵州龙角蛛属一新种记述(蜘蛛目:漏斗蛛科)

记述采自贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州从江县太阳山龙角蛛属Draconarius一新种,镰刀龙角蛛Draconarius drepanoides sp.nov.。该新种近似于双龙角蛛D.bifarius Wang&Martens,2009,主要区别有:引导器末端腹面观时向后弯曲呈镰刀状(后者稍弯曲),中突腹面观时前端靠近盾板骨片(后者远离),膝节无突起(后者具一个较大的突起)。该新种还近似于镰状龙角蛛D.falcatus Xu&Li,2006,但可通过中突勺状(后者为一小且尖锐的突起)、无膝节突(后者具2个膝节突)和引导器末端不分叉(后者末端分叉)等特征区分。模式标本保存于西南大学生命科学学院。     

Fine Structural Analysis of the Silk Apparatus in the Funnel-web Spider, Agelena limbata (Araneae: Agelenidae)

ABSTRACT Silk apparatus of the funnel-web spider, Agelena limbata was located at the ventral end of the abdominal part, and was composed of internal silk glands and external spinnerets. Among the three pairs of spinnerets, the posterior pairs were highly elongated along the body axis. By the light and electron microscopic inspections, it was found that four types of silk glands were connected through the typical spinning tubes of each spinneret. Anterior spinnerets comprise 2 pairs of the ampullate and 125 to 150 pairs (female) or 110 to 114 (male) of pyriform glands. Another 2 pairs of ampullate glands in both sexes, 5 to 8 pairs of tubuliform glands in females, and 20 to 26 pairs (female) or 15 to 17 pairs (male) of aciniform glands were connected on the median spinnerets. Additional 8 to 10 pairs of tubuliforms in female and 41 to 53 pairs (female) or 27 to 32 pairs (male) of aciniform glands were on the posterior spinnerets, respectively. While the ampullate and tubuliform glands were connected with the spigot-type spinning tubes, the pyriform and aciniform glands with that of spool-type tubes. It has been also revealed that the tubuliform glands were only observed in female spiders, however the flagelliform and aggregate glands which had the function of adhesive thread production in orb-web spiders were not observed at both sexes of this spiders.     

Contact sex signals on web and cuticle of Tegenaria atrica (Araneae,Agelenidae)

Qualitative changes in lipid content and composition were examined on the web and cuticle of Tegenaria atrica females in relation to sexual receptivity. In this spider species, 78 different compounds were detected by gas chromatography in the cuticle extract and 50 in the web; 28 identical compounds were present both on the spider silk and the cuticle of the female. The components were long‐chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, fatty acids, and esters. On the web, sexual receptivity was correlated with changes in eleven polar compounds. On the cuticle, sexual receptivity was correlated with changes in eight polar compounds and 26 hydrocarbons. Bioassays demonstrated that the methanol eluate of webs and females were involved in stimulating the sexual behavior of males. Qualitative and/or quantitative changes in hexadecanoic acid, octadecadienoic acid, octadecenoic acid, methyl palmitate, methyl octadecanoate, and n‐tricosane could play a role in the contact sex signals from web and cuticle of T. atrica. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 40:194–202, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Male emergence timing and mating success in the funnel-web spider,Agelena limbata (Araneae: Agelenidae)

Field observations on the relationship between male mating success and emergence timing in the funnel-web spider,Agelena limbata, were conducted.Agelena limbata is an annual species and adult males appear slightly earlier than adult females in July. As males deposit a copulatory plug at the female epigynum after copulation, copulation with virgin females is important to males. The number of copulations in males with virgin females, which strongly correlates with the longevity of males and the number of females that males courted, did not correlate with the emergence timing of males. Early emerged males and females were significantly larger in size than later ones, but the correlation coefficient between the emerged date and the cephalothorax width was not strong. Males that emerged earlier did not have any advantage in copulating with larger and more fecund females. Furthermore, virgin females first copulated on average 7.9 days after their final molt and the mortality rate of adult males increased after the final molt. These factors may favor the smaller degree of protandry in male emergence timing inA. limbata.     

Size Assortative Mating and Reproductive Success of the Funnel-Web Spider, Agelena limbata (Araneae; Agelenidae)

Field observations and laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the relation between male size and reproductive success in the funnel-web spider, Agelena limbata Thorell (Agelenidae), in 2 years. In this species, the body size of males is similar to that of females. In the field, size assortative mating occurred in both years. In 1 year, partial correlation coefficient analysis indicates that male cephalothorax width is a beter predictor of the copulated female cephalothorax width than of the date of pairing. In laboratory experiments, females tended to reject courting males that were smaller in relative body size, and males that were larger in relative body size had greater copulation success. Consequently female rejection of smaller courting males has some contribution to size assortative mating. Since larger females deposited more numerous eggs in the field, larger males are expected to have a higher reproductive success.     

Stabilimenta of Philoponella vicina (Araneae: Uloboridae) and Gasteracantha cancriformis (Araneae: Araneidae): Evidence Against a Prey Attractant Function

Both the uloborid Philoponella vicina and the araneid Gasteracantha cancriformis spiders sometimes placed silk stabilimenta on non-orb "resting webs" that consisted of only one or a few lines. These webs completely lacked sticky silk, so their stabilimenta could not function to attract prey. Some non-orbs were built by spiders when their orb webs are damaged. These observations contradict the prey attraction camouflage hypothesis for stabilimentum function, but are compatible with the spider camouflage and web advertisement to avoid web destruction hypotheses.     

Tests for sex differences in fitness-linked traits in the spiderAgelenopsis aperta (Araneae: Agelenidae)

The idea that traits linked to individual fitness may differ between males and females was tested in the desert funnel-web spider,Agelenopsis aperta. The study entailed comparison of juvenile male and female behavior with respect to three traits previously shown to be linked to female body mass and ultimately to individual female fitness: habitat discrimination, territorial behavior, and agonistic behavior. As juveniles, male and female spiders behave similarly: they utilize the same habitat cues in locating web sites, maintain similar territory sizes, and exhibit the same behavior patterns in territorial disputes. Like females, males that obtain the highest-quality web sites achieve a greater body mass and are more likely to survive to maturity.     

Species-Specificity of Chemical Signals: Silk Source Affects Discrimination in a Wolf Spider (Araneae: Lycosidae)

Female spiders deposit chemical cues that elicit male courtship behavior with silk. These cues are often assumed to be species-specific although male spiders may court in response to chemical cues of closely-related species. We used behavioral assays to test the extent of species discrimination of female chemical cues by male Schizocosa ocreata, a wolf spider (Lycosidae). Discrimination, expressed as relative courtship intensity of males, varied significantly with phylogenetic distance. Males did not discriminate between female cues of conspecifics and a sibling species, S. rovneri. Courtship response was intermediate for another species within the ocreata clade and not different from control for spiders outside the clade. These findings support the sibling species status of S. ocreata and S. rovneri, and also suggest the composition of female chemical signals is conserved across closely related wolf spider species.     

CNS microstructure in the wandering wolf spider Arctosa kwangreungensis (Araneae: Lycosidae)

The supraesophageal ganglion of the wolf spider Arctosa kwangreungensis is made up of a protocerebral and tritocerebral ganglion, whereas the subesophageal ganglionic mass is composed of a single pair of pedipalpal ganglia, four pairs of appendage ganglia, and a fused mass of abdominal neuromeres. In the supraesophageal ganglion, complex neuropile masses are located in the protocerebrum which include optic ganglia, the mushroom bodies, and the central body. Characteristically, the only nerves arising from the protocerebrum are the optic nerves, and the neuropiles of the principal eyes are the most thick and abundant in this wandering spider. The central body which is recognized as an important association center is isolated at the posterior of the protocerebrum and appears as a complex of highly condensed neurons. These cells give off fine parallel bundles of axons arranged in the mushroom bodies. The subesophageal nerve mass can be divided into two main tracts on the basis of direction of the neuropiles. The dorsal tracts are contributed to from the motor or interneurons of each ganglion, whereas the ventral tracts are from incoming sensory axons.     

Cryptic speciation, genetic diversity and gene flow in the California turret spider Atypoides riversi (Araneae: Antrodiaetidae)

Populations of the turret spider Atypoides riversi from eight central Californian sites were compared based on variation at ten allozyme loci. Multidimensional scaling of interpopulation genetic distances defined four population units (Coast Range, Sierran, Valley, Jenness Camp), corroborating the distinctness of Coast Range and Sierran populations indicated by a prior study. While the species status of these units has yet to be determined, Jenness Camp is the most likely to represent a new species, given its clear genetic uniqueness (two fixed allelic differences). Populations in all units were generally in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium with no evidence of inbreeding, though variability was minimal (mean H _o = 2.8%, mean P  = 15.4%). Reduced variability in these populations may be the result of repeated bottlenecks, environmental homogeneity, and/or directional selection. Interpopulation differentiation within units was significant in the absence of intervening forest habitat and was substantially less in its presence, indicating that gene flow is likely only when forest corridors exist. To foster preservation of the existing gene pool and enhance participation in it, management of the units of At. riversi should focus on maintaining as many populations in situ as possible and facilitating connections between them, while also creating or restoring habitat for potential colonization.  © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2004, 82 , 27–37.