闽东一水电站输水管道阻塞原因探讨

对福建省闽东某水电站水库的水体及地下输水管道中的微生物生态和理化因子的调查分析结果表明,造成该水库电站输水管道连年阻塞的主要原因可能是由于铁细菌生长繁殖所致。该水库中的铁细菌主要为鞘细菌。水体温度及总铁含量对鞘细菌数量的消长具有显著影响。该水库中存在的鞘细菌最适生长条件为Ｔ２１～２５℃,ｐＨ６．１６～６．８７,Ｆｅ＞０．４３ｍｇ／Ｌ。该菌可在水深０．５～４０ｍ范围内生存。自然气候对Ｔ、总铁和悬浮物３项水体理化因子有影响,而ｐＨ、ＤＯ和ＣＯＤ则受微生物生命活动的影响。夏季为鞘细菌繁殖高峰期。建议电站地下输水管道的疏通工作以安排在９月份之后较妥     

湖光岩玛珥湖可培养浮游细菌的BOX-PCR图谱及生物多样性分析

玛珥湖是一类具有独特地质构造特征的火山口湖泊, 目前国内外对玛珥湖内微生物多样性的研究还鲜有报道。为了解具有典型玛珥特征的湖光岩湖泊中可培养浮游细菌的种群资源特征, 采用盒式PCR (BOX-PCR) 筛选技术, 通过通用贫营养和原位湖水培养基研究在冬夏两季各水层内获得的可培养细菌种群的差异。结果表明: 不同培养基在不同水层上表现的细菌数量的变化相一致, 为夏季的5 m>1 m>13 m, 冬季的1 m>5 m>13 m, 变形菌占据优势地位, 其它为放线菌、厚壁菌和拟杆菌; 两类培养基上所获培养菌BOX-PCR图谱的多样性相似, 但菌群结构不同; 而细菌多样性在季节上的变化表现为冬季高于夏季, 这与相关湖泊内细菌微生物多样性在夏季会发生减少的特点相似; 相同季节同一水层上不同培养基上获得的培养菌门类不同, 表明此类通用性培养基在培养该环境微生物中的局限。研究的结果为探讨此类型湖泊微生物多样性与环境的关系及分离该环境下特定微生物菌株提供参考。     

迂回螺菌的富集培养及其混合培养物的保存

本文报道用光合细菌富集培养物富集培养迂回螺菌,以及用Pringsheim氏土壤培养基增殖并长期保存迂回螺菌混合培养物的实验方法。     

高效铁氧化鞘细菌的筛选与鉴定

【目的】铁氧化酶是氧化铁锰鞘细菌类在污水处理中最重要的酶,筛选铁氧化酶高产菌株,研究酶学特性及研究该菌株对水中铁、锰的吸附性能。【方法】利用尿素培养基富集、CGY平板从3份不同水样中分离产铁氧化酶菌株:富集培养铁氧化酶产生菌;摇瓶复筛铁氧化酶产量较高的菌株,通过菌落形态、镜检、生理生化试验和16S rRNA基因序列遗传分析对目的菌株进行鉴定。【结果】分离筛选到一株高产铁氧化酶的菌株S9,被鉴定为鞘细菌球衣菌属浮游球衣菌(Sphaerotilus natans);该菌株对铁锰具有较强的吸附性,当吸附时间为4h时,菌株对水中铁的吸附量为29.02mg/g,吸附率为66.77%;当吸附时间为6h时,菌株对锰的吸附量为34.49mg/g,吸附率为70.68%;该菌株产铁氧化酶的最适温度和p H分别为30℃和7.5,Mg2+、Na+、K+离子对铁氧化酶活性有一定的激活作用,Cu2+对铁氧化酶影响不大,而Mn2+、Zn2+对铁氧化酶具有很强的抑制作用,Pb2+、Ag+对铁氧化酶活性有一定的抑制作用。【结论】浮游球衣菌S9是一株具有较高铁氧化性的菌株,在治理污水和给排水工程中的应用具有潜在的应用价值。     

~（60）Co－γ射线诱变柠檬酸产生菌黑曲霉Co9－6的研究

本试验采用￣（６０）Ｃｏ－γ射线对柠檬酸产生菌黑曲霉Ｃｏ９－６进行辐射,经两次处理后选育出Ｌ１２１７和Ｌ８０１两株优良柠檬酸产生菌。中试结果表明菌株Ｌ１２１７较Ｌ８０１更优：产酸率较菌株Ｃｏ９－６提高１７．６％、发酵周期缩短１３．４％、对糖转化率提高１３．３％。     

人体肠道细菌寡营养培养组条件的优化研究

【目的】探讨寡营养对人体肠道细菌培养组的条件。【方法】通过稀释富集培养基、固体平板和增菌肉汤培养基成分获得寡营养培养基。对健康人粪便样本分别用原液(0)、5、10、20、30和40倍稀释的富集培养基(添加羊血和瘤胃液的血培养瓶)连续增菌,在不同时间点(第0、3、6、9、15、27、30天)吸取增菌液,用YCFA (yeast casitone fatty acid)固体培养平板分离菌落;用YCFA增菌肉汤增菌后再次挑取单菌落,利用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF)质谱和16S rRNA基因测序鉴定菌株。通过比较上述6种寡营养条件分离肠道菌群的效果,选取富集培养基原液、稀释10倍和30倍这3 种条件下分离效果较好的富集条件,与同样稀释倍数条件的固体平板和增菌肉汤分别组合成9种培养基条件,进一步优化肠道菌群的培养组条件。【结果】在6种寡营养富集培养基中,未稀释(原液)、10 倍和30倍稀释的富集培养基分离细菌的种类比其他...     

冰核细菌表达冰核蛋白特性的研究

选用１００２５Ａ和ＱＦ－９５－Ｆ１９两株分离自杨树的冰核活性细菌,探讨了两株菌不同生长阶段与它们冰核活性表达的特性。实验结果显示,冰核活性细菌在ＭＰＤＡ培养液中表达冰核蛋白的特性及活性与细菌浓度、菌龄以及培养的环境条件相关,两株菌在表达冰核活性时对培养基的营养组分没有表现出特殊的要求。同时还进一步阐明了不同生长温度冰核活性细菌对冰核蛋白表达的影响。     

冰核细菌表达冰核蛋白特性的研究*

选用１００２５Ａ和ＱＦ－９５－Ｆ１９两株分离自杨树的冰核活性细菌,探讨了两株菌不同生长阶段与它们冰核活性表达的特性。实验结果显示,冰核活性细菌在ＭＰＤＡ培养液中表达冰核蛋白的特性及活性与细菌浓度、菌龄以及培养的环境条件相关,两株菌在表达冰核活性时对培养基的营养组分没有表现出特殊的要求。同时还进一步阐明了不同生长温度冰核活性细菌对冰核蛋白表达的影响。     

棉花维管组织内生细菌分析之一——不同抗性品种含菌动态与土质…

于１９９３年棉花生长季节,对种植在偏砂性和偏粘性土壤中的不同抗枯萎病品种中棉－１２、８６－１、川７３－２７和感病品种邯郸－１４进行了内生细菌分析。试验分别在五叶期、现蕾期和开花结铃后期取样,在ＴＳＡ培养基上分离维管组织内生细菌,共获得细菌分离物５３００余株。细菌数量经ＳＡＳ软件进行统计分析,结果表明,不同品种、不同土质及不同生育期的含菌量变化,在ａ＝０．０５水平上差异显著。四个品种在偏砂性土中的内     

棉花维管组织内生细菌分析之一——不同抗性品种含菌动态与土质和生育期的关系

于１９９３年棉花生长季节,对种植在偏砂性和偏粘性土壤中的不同抗枯萎病品种中棉－１２、８６－１、川７３－２７和感病品种邯郸－１４进行了内生细菌分析。试验分别在五叶期、现蕾期和开花结铃后期取样,在ＴＳＡ培养基上分离维管组织内生细菌,共获得细菌分离物５３００余株。细菌数量经ＳＡＳ软件进行统计分析,结果表明,不同品种、不同土质及不同生育期的含菌量变化,在ａ＝０．０５水平上差异显著。四个品种在偏砂性土中的内生细菌含量均高于偏粘性土壤中的棉株,三个抗枯萎病品种的含菌量也均高于感病品种邯郸－１４,其中以８６－１含菌量最高,其次为中棉－１２,再次为川７３－２７。不同生育期的菌量变化是五叶期最低,现蕾期最高,开花结铃后期又下降,但仍高于五叶     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.