Studies on Antipodal Hepaticae: II. Archeophylla Schuster and Archeochaete Schuster,New Genera of Blepharostomaceae

Abstract

The two genera Archeophylla Schust. and Archeochaete Schust., briefly diagnosed in a key to antipodal Hepaticae (Schuster, 1963 b), are described in detail; for the fint genus a second, new species is described. Archeophylla differs from other genera assigned to the Blepbarostomaceae in broadly unispiral elaters and the development of conspicuous trigones of the leaf cells. Archeochaete shows a series of synthetic features, such as a contracted perianth mouth and quadrifid bracts that lack armed margins, suggestive of Lophochaete Schust.; other features of the genus strongly suggest Temnoma Mitt., e.g. the non-bisbifid leaves and the tendency for smaller underleaves. This last genus was recently erroneously assigned to the Trichocoleaceae by Fulford (1963).

The discovery of these genera strongly indicates that the Blepharostomaceae must be broadly delimited; hence the families Pseudolepicoleaceae and Herzogiariaceae are placed in synonymy. Chaetocolea Spruce is also shown to belong probably to the Blepharostomaccae, in which case the Chaetocoleaceae would also have to be relegated to synonymy.     

Jamesoniella carringtonii—eine Plagiochila in Nepal mit Perianth

Abstract

Jamesoniella carringtonii (Balfour) Schiffn. is transferred to Plagiochila (P. carringtonii (Balfour) Grolle, comb.nov.). P. carringtonii ssp. carringtonii is regarded as an endemic subspecies of the British Isles and the Faeroes, whereasssp. lobuchensis Grolle, ssp.nov. with wholly entire leavesis restricted to Nepal and bears perianths. Jamesoniella carringtonii var. recurvata Nicholson is an independent not closely related species of Plagiochila (P. recurvata (Nicholson) Grolle, stat. et comb.nov.) from N.W.-Yünnan. P. recurvata and p. poeltii Inoue et GroUe, sp.nov. (from Nepal) probably belong to section Renitentes Carl. New differences between Jamesoniella autumnalis (DC.) Steph. and J. undulifolia (Nees) K. MOO., whichlatter is type of Biantheridion Grolle, sect.nov. Notes on the distribution of hepatics in Europe restricted to the cool euatlantic regions.     

Morphological and phytochemical studies of Plagiochila papillifolia Steph., a Neotropical liverwort new to Europe

Abstract

The Neotropical liverwort Plagiochila papillifolia Steph. is conspecific with P. caespiticia Spruce ex Herzog (nom. inval.), P . deciduifolia Steph., P . solmsii Steph. and P . verruculosa R.M.Schust.; it is reported from the Azores, new to Europe. Morphologically it shows affinity with sect. Bidentes Carl; phytochemically, several of its lipophilic secondary metabolites are the same as those of P . retrorsa Gottsche, another Neotropical species reported only recently from Macaronesia.     

Distribution Maps of Bryophytes in Britain

Abstract

The following species of Cheilolejeunea subgen. Strepsilejeunea are recognised from Africa and described: C. krakakammae (Lindenb.) Schust., C. pluriplicata (Pears.) Schust., C. usambarana (Steph.) Grolle, C. convexa S. Arn., C. pocsii E. Jones, sp. nov., C. camerunensis S. Arn. Strepsilejeunea georgensis S. Arn. is a synonym of C. krakakammae.     

Kritische Revision der „Thlaspi”︁-Arten Europas,Afrikas und Vorderasiens I. Geschichte,Morphologie und Chorologie

In the general introduction of a taxonomical revision of the genus Thlaspi L. from Europa, the Near East and Africa — a conspectus of the species till now comprised within this genus has already been published — a historical survey of the genus Thlaspi is given. Morphological resp. anatomical characters have been judged. The structure of the seedtesta inter alia exhibited a different pattern which proved to be valuable for differentiation. In Thlaspi s. str. this pattern revealed to be well distinguishable from all the other Thlaspi-species hitherto put in this genus; thus showing Thlaspi s. str. a species-complex of its own. The characteristical differences of the numerous species out of the Thlaspi s. str.-complex allow further separation of different genera, so that the hitherto existing genus Thlaspi has been found to be a mosaic of different genera. The degree of their closer or wider relationship, however, could be investigated after extensive studies in different genera of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). A subordination of these complexes of closer relationship as subgenera of the genus Thlaspi is impossible, because the morphological and anatomical differences are too great. A persistency in the hitherto scope of a heterogenous genus Thlaspi is considered unreasonable and would encourage a greater humping of many genera within the family Brassicaceae which are well separated till now. This would not reflect the natural conditions. Additional figures of fruits and seedtestas of different species support this view. Finally the geographical distribution of the several genera has been described which in Noccaea Moench shows shortly the wide extension of this genus throughout northern Asia and the extratropical America.     

Notes on some African hepatic genera 1–5

The present study deals with five genera of hepatics in Africa, Isotachis Mitt., Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph., Tritomaria Schiffn. ex Loeske, Gymnocoleopsis (Schust.) Schust. and Lophozia (Dum.) Dum. All African populations of the genus Isotachis Mitt. are considered to be one species, I. aubertii (Schwaegr.) Mitt. Four species of Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph. (s.l.), A. auritum (Lehm.) Steph., A. piligerum (Nees) Spruce, A. subcomplicatum (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Steph. and A. minutum (Schreb.) Schust., and two species of Tritomaria Schiffn. et Loeske, T. camerunensis S. Arnell and T. exsecta (Schrad.) Schiffn. ex Loeske occur in Africa. Gymmocoleopsis multiflora (Steph.) Schust. represents a genus and species hitherto unreported for the African flora. Finally, five Lophozia (Dum.) Dum. species, L. argentina (Steph.) Schust., L. capensis S. Arnell, L. decolorans (Limpr.) Steph., L. hedbergii S. Arnell and L. tristaniana (S. Arnell) Váňa, are reported from central and southern Africa; two of these (L. argentina (Steph.) Schust. and L. decolorans (Limpr.) Steph.) represent the first reports from Africa.     

Drakensbergianella rudebecki, New Genus and New Species from the Mountains of Southern Africa, and Taxonomic Observations on Gabonia Jacoby and Related Genera (Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Alticinae)

Drakensbergianella rudebecki, a new genus and new species of flea beetle (Chrysomelidae, Alticinae) found at high elevations from Southern Africa (Drakensberg mountains) is described. This new genus is closely related to the genus Gabonia Jacoby, 1893 but is easily distinguishable mainly by: the metasternum shorter than the length of the middle coxal cavities; the legs with femora and tibiae clearly elongate, especially the hind ones; the antennae generally longer than body in both sexes, especially in males; the metafemoral spring with inner side of the ventral lobe not angled; the metathoracic wings strongly reduced. Line drawings of male and female genitalia, metafemoral springs, and scanning electronic micrographs of particular morphological aspects of the taxa considered are provided. Finally, a brief discussion about Gabonia and related genera in the Afrotropical region with a key for the identification, is also reported. Moreover, the following new combination is proposed: Longitarsus ruandensis Weise, 1910 = Montiaphthona ruandensis Weise, 1910 n. comb.     

Eine neue Taxilejeunea aus Madagaskar und Réunion

Abstract

Taxilejeunea furcicornuta sp.nov. from Madagascar and Réunion is described and figured in detail. Its affinities to T. conformis (Nees & Mont.) Steph. and Stenolejeunea Schust. are briefly discussed.     

地萼苔科锡金裂萼苔(Chiloscyphus sikkimensis)在中国大陆的新记录

报道产于云南的中国苔类植物地萼苔科大陆新记录种: 锡金裂萼苔(Chiloscyphus sikkimensis(Steph.) J.J. Engel &; R.M. Schust.)。本种的主要区别特征有：茎叶倾斜或近横向着生,近轴端凸起,近似圆形,叶边全缘,卵形,先端圆钝或微凹;腹叶心形或肾形,先端圆钝或微凹,一侧或两侧基部与茎叶腹边联生。报道于台湾的Heteroscyphus acutangulus(Schiffn.) Schiffn. 实为Chiloscyphus sikkimensis,应被移出中国苔藓植物区系。     

Reclassification of an enigmatic downy mildew species on lovegrass (Eragrostis) to the new genus Eraphthora, with a key to the genera of the Peronosporaceae

Graminicolous downy mildews affect economical important crops like sorghum, maize and pearl millet, and also a variety of wild grasses, which pathogens have hitherto been much less studied. This also applies to an enigmatic downy mildew from Eragrostis cilianensis, which exhibits a chimeric appearance, with similarities to Basidiophora, Sclerophthora, and Sclerospora. In this study, the phylogenetic relationship of lovegrass downy mildew with respect to other genera of the Peronosporaceae was investigated and the characteristics of genera potentially associated with lovegrass downy mildew summarised from historic studies. A key based on the morphology of asexual stages is presented for all genera of downy mildews hitherto described. Based on morphological characteristics and sequence divergence, Sclerospora butleri is transferred to a new genus, Eraphthora. Lovegrass downy mildew seems to be widely distributed, as in addition to previous records from Malawi, India and Australia, we could now sample one specimen from Europe (Spilimbergo, Italy). Currently, it is unclear if Eraphthora butleri is able to infect the crop species Eragrostis tef, which might be a potential host of economic importance.     

A morphological revision of the genus Herbertus S.Gray (Herbertaceae,Marchantiophyta) in Africa,including the East African islands

Abstract

The genus Herbertus S.Gray in Africa and the East African islands is revised. The division of the genus into two broad species complexes centred on H. dicranus (Tayl.ex Gottsche et al.) Trev. and H. juniperoideus (Sw.) Grolle is confirmed. H. capensis (Steph.) Sim, H. capillaris (Steph.) H. doggeltianus (Steph.) Demaret, H. lobatus (Steph.) Demaret, H. mascarenicus (Steph.) S.Arn., H. mollis (Steph.) Dusén, H. stuhlmannii (Steph.) Demaret and Schisma kilimandjarense Steph. are synonymous with H. dicranus. H. grossevittatus (Steph.) S.Arn. ex Grolle is synonymous with H. juniperoideus. Three new species are described: H. spicatus N.G.Hodgetts sp. nov., which is related to H. juniperoideus and appears close to the neotropical H. pensilis, with long, narrow leaf lobe apices and a sheathing leaf base; H. mauritianus N.G.Hodgetts sp. nov., also related to H. juniperoideus, has fewer basal slime papillae and the vitta bifurcating lower down; and H. pocsii N.G.Hodgetts sp. nov., which is related to H. dicranus but has setaceous leaf lobe apices composed of long, narrow cells. The relationships of the taxa and patterns of distribution, taking account of recent molecular work, are discussed.     

A mixed stand of Sphagnum subsecundum var. auriculalum and var. inundatum in North Wales

Abstract

Schusterolejeunea nom. nov. is proposed to replace the mono typic Cladocolea Schust. 1963, non van Tieghem 1895. Sch. inundata (Spruce) comb. nov. (≡ Lejeunea inundata Spruce) is lectotypified and Potamolejeunea sprucei Steph. newly placed in its synonymy.     

The genus Saitobryum (Pottiaceae) revisited

The genus Saitobryum R.H.Zander comprises two species: S. lorentzii (Müll.Hal.) Ochyra distributed in Mexico and the Central Andes and Saitobryum pascoense M.J.Cano & J.A.Jiménez from the Central Andes of Peru, described here as new. The new species is distinguished from S. lorentzii by its upper and middle laminal cells papillose throughout, border of 2–3 rows of thick-walled and smooth cells, lamina usually with bistratose patches, and occasionally bistratose margins. The diagnostic characters of Saitobryum are re-evaluated and a key to the species of this genus is provided. Both species are described and illustrated. New localities for S. lorentzii and a map showing the complete distribution of this genus are given.     

Behavioural responses to predation may explain shifts in community structure

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Iconic Paraquilegias,a review

The genus Paraquilegia J.R.Drumm. & Hutch. is reviewed. Six taxa are described, typified and illustrated. A key is given for the species and for related genera.     

The stripe‐backed weasel Mustela strigidorsa: taxonomy,ecology, distribution and status

• 1 The stripe‐backed weasel Mustela strigidorsa is one of the rarest and least‐known mustelids in the world. Its phylogenetic relationships with other Mustela species remain controversial, though several unique morphological features distinguish it from congeners.
• 2 It probably lives mainly in evergreen forests in hills and mountains, but has also been recorded from plains forest, dense scrub, secondary forest, grassland and farmland. Known sites range in altitude from 90 m to 2500 m. Data are insufficient to distinguish between habitat and altitudes which support populations, and those where only dispersing animals may occur.
• 3 It has been confirmed from many localities in north‐east India, north and central Myanmar, south China, north Thailand, north and central Laos, and north and central Vietnam. Given the limited survey effort, the number of recent records shows that the species is not as rare as hitherto believed. Neither specific nor urgent conservation needs are apparent.

     

MALDI‐TOF MS identification of microbiota associated with pest insect Diabrotica speciosa

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西藏合叶苔属新资料

该文在对中国西藏色季拉山苔藓植物野外采集和鉴定的基础上,报道了西藏合叶苔属新资料。结果表明:合叶苔属植物共有13种,其中西藏新记录种2种,即厚边合叶苔(Scapania carinthiaca J.B. Jack)和东亚合叶苔(S. orientalis Steph. ex K. Müller);此外,还有色季拉山新记录种9种,分别为多胞合叶苔(S. apiculata Spruce)、刺边合叶苔(S. ciliata Sande Lac.)、短合叶苔[S. curta (Mart) Dumort.]、长尖合叶苔[S. glaucocephala (Taylor) Austin]、林地合叶苔[S. nemorea (L.) Grolle]、尼泊尔合叶苔(S. nepalensis Nees)、小合叶苔(S. parvifolia Warnst.)、弯瓣合叶苔(S. parvitexta Steph.)、粗疣合叶苔(S. verrucosa Heeg.)。同时,还对其中厚边合叶苔、东亚合叶苔和长尖合叶苔的形态特征和地理分布进行了描述,并提供了主要形态特征的照片。凭证标本存放于中国农业大学标本室(BAU)中。