短短小芽孢杆菌大肠杆菌穿梭分泌表达载体的构建

应用PCR技术从具有分泌蛋白能力强且没有胞外蛋白酶活性的短短小芽孢杆菌50中分离出细胞壁蛋白基因的多启动子和信号肽编码序列,利用它与质粒pUB110和pKF3-起构建成穿梭分泌表达载体pBKE50,将α0淀粉酶基因引入该载体转化短短小芽孢杆菌50后,发现α－淀粉酶可以活性形式分泌表达,此工作为下一步建立短短小芽孢杆菌高效分泌表达系统奠定了基础。     

中温α-淀粉酶在地衣芽孢杆菌中的异源表达

提高中温α-淀粉酶生产菌株的发酵温度,对减少冷却水消耗降低生产成本有重要意义。本文利用基因删除技术删除了地衣芽孢杆菌CBBD302菌株α-淀粉酶的编码基因(amy L)获得突变株D402。将表达解淀粉芽孢杆菌中温α-淀粉酶基因Ba A的重组质粒p HY-WZX-Ba A转化D402,获得表达中温α-淀粉酶的重组地衣芽孢杆菌D402/p HY-WZX-Ba A。摇瓶发酵实验显示,重组菌最适发酵温度为42℃,比原生产菌株提高8℃,最高产酶水平达到301 U/m L。30 L发酵罐发酵试验,78 h达到最高酶活531 U/m L。重组酶的最适作用温度为60℃,最适作用p H 6.5,在90℃保温20 min可以完全失活,保持了中温α-淀粉酶既能在淀粉糊化温度下保持稳定又便于灭酶的优良性能。     

利用短短小芽孢杆菌启动子和信号肽编码序列构建穿梭分泌表达载体

以短短小芽孢杆菌B15的总DNA为模板,利用PCR技术克隆到其细胞壁蛋白基因串联启动子和信号肽编码序列,测序分析后提交GenBank,登录号为AY956423。重新设计引物扩增该片段并在PCR产物两侧引入BamHⅠ和PstⅠ酶切位点,将PCR产物双酶切后克隆至穿梭载体pP43NMK的相应位点构建分泌表达载体pP15MK,插入片段置于该载体中mpd基因的上游,并使信号肽编码序列与去除了自身信号肽编码序列的mpd基因阅读框恰好融合。将pP15MK导入枯草杆菌构建表达菌株1A751(pP15MK),在短短小芽孢杆菌启动子和信号肽元件的带动下,mpd基因能够在表达菌株的对数生长期和稳定期持续性高效分泌表达,表达产物结合在细胞膜上;发酵液在48h酶活达到最高值7.79U/mL,是出发菌株邻单胞菌M6表达量的8.1倍。     

地衣芽孢杆菌α—淀粉酶基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中的诱导表达

采用PCR技术扩增了sacB基因的启动子-信号序列,并将扩增的序列重组进含地衣芽孢杆菌α-淀粉酶基因的质粒载体上构建了含α-淀粉酶基因的分泌型表达载体pSA60。将pSA60转化枯草芽孢杆菌QB1098后,α-淀粉酶基因在sacB基因启动子-信号序列的调控和蔗糖的诱导下获得表达,表达产物分泌至胞外。     

地衣芽孢杆菌高温α-淀粉酶异源表达研究

目的：以地衣芽孢杆菌高温α-淀粉酶基因（amyL）为报告基因,构建含不同启动子的枯草杆菌表达载体,转化枯草杆菌,并对重组菌的酶活进行分析,比较不同启动子对amyL基因在枯草杆菌中表达的影响。方法：以高温α-淀粉酶高产菌株B.licheniformis0204染色体DNA为模板,PCR扩增得到amyL并分别与PQ启动子和P43启动子进行连接构建表达载体pUB-PQ-amyL和pUB-P43-amyL,化学法转化枯草杆菌1A717,筛选得到重组转化子后对重组菌的表达产物进行SDS-PAGE和酶活检测。结果：重组菌摇瓶发酵105h后测定高温α-淀粉酶酶活,B.subtilis1A717（pUB-PQ-amyL）的最高酶活为280.1U/mL,B.subtilis1A717（pUB-P43-amyL）的最高酶活为190.5U/mL。结论：PQ启动子调控的高温α-淀粉酶最高表达水平是P43启动子调控的最高表达水平的1.47倍,说明PQ启动子能使amyL基因在枯草杆菌中更高效地表达。     

碱性α-淀粉酶基因在巨大芽孢杆菌中的表达及酶学性质研究

将已克隆的碱性α-淀粉酶基因信号肽编码序列去除,用PCR的方法加入酶切位点,然后与表达载体pHIS1525连接转化大肠杆菌DH5α,筛选出阳性转化子DH5α-pHIS1525-JH,并提取质粒进一步转化巨大芽孢杆菌YYBm1原生质体,获得基因工程菌YYBm1 -pHIS1525-JH.SDS-PAGE分析表明该基因在巨大芽孢杆菌中得到了有效表达.酶学性质研究表明,该酶的最适温度与pH值分别为60℃与pH8.5,在pH7.0 - 10.5之间具有较好的稳定性,Km值为1.94 mg/mL,酶活力可达2516.5 U.     

嗜热古菌超高温α-淀粉酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的分泌表达

本研究将来源于嗜热古菌Pyrococcus furiosus的超高温α-淀粉酶基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中成功表达,通过信号肽筛选和伴侣蛋白基因共表达提高超高温α-淀粉酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的分泌表达,并对重组超高温α-淀粉酶的酶学性质进行初步研究.首先构建信号肽筛选文库,结合高通量筛选方法对枯草来源的173种信号肽进行筛选,最终...     

巨大芽孢杆菌α-淀粉酶基因核苷酸序列分析

巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)AS1.127的淀粉酶基因的全碱基序列已被测定。结构基因由1982bp的单一开读框架组成。由DNA序列推测出的前体酶蛋白由659个氨基酸组成,N-端33个氨基酸为信号肽。成熟酶分子由626个氨基酸组成,分子量为68.676kD。该淀粉酶属糖化型α-淀粉酶。并与枯草杆菌(B.subtilis)168产生的糖化型α-淀粉酶之间有83.3%的同源性。分析发现两种菌产生的酶分子的N-端3/4的同源性为90.4%,而C-端1/4的同源性只有70%。序列排比结果说明在淀粉酶基因的趋异进化过程中,基因突变和遗传重组都曾起过作用。     

巨大芽孢杆菌α-淀粉酶基因核苷酸序列分析

巨大芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｕｓｍｅｇａｔｅｒｉｕｍ）ＡＳ１．１２７的淀粉酶基因的全碱基序列已被测定。结构基因由１９８２ｂｐ的单一开读框架组成。由ＤＮＡ序列推测出的前体酶蛋白由６５９个氨基酸组成,Ｎ端３３个氨基酸为信号肽。成熟酶分子由６２６个氨基酸组成,分子量为６８６７６ｋＤ。该淀粉酶属糖化型α淀粉酶。并与枯草杆菌（Ｂ．ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）１６８产生的糖化型α淀粉酶之间有８３３％的同源性。分析发现两种菌产生的酶分子的Ｎ端３／４的同源性为９０４％,而Ｃ端１／４的同源性只有７０％。序列排比结果说明在淀粉酶基因的趋异进化过程中,基因突变和遗传重组都曾起过作用。     

固定化解淀粉芽孢杆菌α－淀粉酶的研究

本文对固定化α－淀粉酶进行了初步的研究,固定化酶采用海藻酸钙凝胶球来包埋一定纯度的解淀粉芽孢杆菌α－淀粉酶,并且把固定化酶的特点和性质同游离酶进行了比较。同游离酶相比固定化酶明显提高了酶的耐热性和贮藏稳定性,游离酶的最适作用温度为６０℃,而固定化酶最适温度为７０℃。     

短短小芽孢杆菌启动子筛选载体的构建

为了筛选短短小芽孢杆菌强启动子元件,应用PCR技术从枯草杆菌168中分离出α-淀粉酶基因,用其作为报告基因与质粒pUB110和pKF3一起构建了启动子筛选载体pKB/A.将短短小芽孢杆菌细胞壁蛋白基因启动子引入该载体构建成重组质粒pKB/PA,电穿孔法转化短短小芽孢杆菌50后发现α-淀粉酶以活性形式分泌表达.结果表明短短小芽孢杆菌启动子筛选载体构建成功.     

短短芽孢杆菌GZDF3中PilZ结构域基因的挖掘和糖基转移酶的原核表达

【背景】PilZ结构域是最早发现的环二鸟苷酸(Cyclic diguanylate,c-di-GMP)受体信号分子,与c-di-GMP结合后可以调控目标基因或者蛋白的活性,在细菌的生长过程中发挥着至关重要的作用,而短短芽孢杆菌中PilZ结构域的研究相对缺乏。【目的】挖掘短短芽孢杆菌GZDF3菌株中的PilZ结构域蛋白基因,并进行重组表达,为研究其功能奠定基础。【方法】从Pfam数据库中下载PilZ结构域模型,HMMScan软件扫描GZDF3全基因组序列,在保守结构域数据库(Conserved domain database,CDD)中分析蛋白保守结构域,Protein BLAST比对分析;采用ExPASy在线软件预测蛋白的基本理化性质;构建重组表达载体进行蛋白重组表达。【结果】GZDF3基因中存在5个含有PilZ结构域的蛋白编码基因,其中命名为Gene4836的基因经Protein BLAST比对分析显示其编码糖基转移酶,Gene1423为YcgR超家族蛋白编码基因,Gene1723编码透明质酸合成酶,属于糖基转移酶超家族2,其余Gene2571、Gene2956编码假定蛋白;Gene4836的编码产物分子量为24.08 kD,等电点为6.39,为酸性亲水性蛋白;C端有一个PilZ结构域;0.5 mmol/L乳糖诱导、30°C培养20 h,表达出一大小约为25kD的重组蛋白,与生物信息学预测结果相符。【结论】首次对短短芽孢杆菌含有PilZ结构域蛋白编码基因进行原核表达,并成功纯化出重组蛋白,为后续研究其功能奠定了基础。     

Mode of antagonism of Brevibacillus brevis against Botrytis cinerea in vitro

AIMS: To assess the activity of Brevibacillus brevis (formerly Bacillus brevis) Nagano and the antibiotic it produces, gramicidin S, against the plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea. METHODS AND RESULTS: Germination and growth of Bot. cinerea were assessed in the presence of B. brevis or gramicidin S in liquid media, on solid media and on leaf sections of Chinese cabbage. Germination was 10-fold more sensitive to gramicidin S than growth. Inhibition of Bot. cinerea was greater in liquid media compared with on solid media. Activity of gramicidin S against Bot. cinerea on leaf sections was much lower than in vitro. In vitro inhibition of Bot. cinerea by B. brevis Nagano was similar to equivalent levels of gramicidin. CONCLUSIONS: Antibiosis, via gramicidin S, is the mode of antagonism exhibited by B. brevis Nagano against Bot. cinerea in vitro. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The mode of antagonism of B. brevis against Bot. cinerea was elucidated. The differing activity of gramicidin S against Bot. Cinerea in vitro and on leaf sections indicates one mechanism by which biocontrol activity may differ between laboratory and field conditions.     

短短芽胞杆菌功能基因的研究及其应用

短短芽胞杆菌分布广泛,并且在不同生长阶段,菌落形态也有所不同。目前已经完成2株短短芽胞杆菌的全基因组测序,但只对短短芽胞杆菌部分基因的功能进行了研究,如编码二硫化物氧化还原酶的基因bdb、α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶的基因aldB、耐碱性木聚糖酶xylB基因和细胞壁的合成基因等,特别是具有抗菌活性的短杆菌酪肽的合成过程及所需酶的基因均有研究。短短芽胞杆菌在生物防治、作为分泌表达外源蛋白的宿主及环境治理等领域有广泛应用前景。     

绿色荧光蛋白基因原核表达载体的构建及其在昆虫肠道短短芽孢杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌中的表达

【目的】构建带有苏云金芽孢杆菌cry3a基因非芽孢依赖启动子和绿色荧光蛋白基因gfp(Green Fluorescent Protein)的原核表达载体,并转化从桑粒肩天牛幼虫肠道分离的两株常驻细菌短短芽孢杆菌CQUBb和苏云金芽孢杆菌CQUBt,以检测cry3a启动子在昆虫肠道常驻菌中的启动子活性,获得GFP标记菌株,为常驻菌在昆虫幼虫肠道中的定殖情况和杀虫工程菌的构建奠定基础。【方法】采用重叠延伸PCR将cry3a基因启动子和gfp基因进行融合,并与pHT304载体连接构建重组质粒pHT3AG,获得的重组质粒以电脉冲转化肠道常驻菌短短芽孢杆菌CQUBb和苏云金芽孢杆菌CQUBt,于可见光和荧光显微镜下观察荧光并通过SDS-PAGE分析重组菌株的蛋白表达情况,然后对重组菌株进行生长动力学分析和稳定性测试。【结果】重组菌在营养期大量组成型表达GFP,经电泳分离在凝胶上出现约29kDa的特异蛋白条带;重组菌生长曲线与出发菌没有显著差异,说明外源质粒未对宿主菌的生长带来明显不利影响;抗性条件下传代30次后两菌株外源质粒稳定性仍可达95%、67%;两个菌株比较,CQUBb比CQUBt质粒转化率高、重组菌GFP表达时间长、表达量大,并且重组菌株稳定性好。【结论】成功地将cry3a基因核心启动子和gfp基因转入桑粒肩天牛幼虫肠道常驻菌,实现了该启动子在Bt之外的菌株中发挥作用,构建了两个GFP标记菌株;重组基因工程菌株表达量大,稳定性好,可以用作昆虫肠道内微生态研究和芽孢杆菌表达系统以及杀虫菌株的构建。     

Enantioselective Degradation of the Chiral Fungicides Metalaxyl and Furalaxyl by Brevibacillus brevis

For almost four decades, the chiral fungicides metalaxyl and furalaxyl have been in use in plant protection on a global scale. Both substances are distributed as racemic mixtures, yet the desirable interference in nucleic acid synthesis of harmful fungi only occurs by the (‐)‐R‐enantiomer. As enantioselective degradation in Scheyern (Germany) and Yaoundé (Cameroon) soils has been documented, the influence of 50 isolated microorganisms on the R/S ratio was investigated. A high‐pressure liquid chromatography method with a chiral column to separate enantiomers of metalaxyl and furalaxyl, and subsequent detection by tandem mass spectrometry, was employed. Only one of these microorganisms, a strain of Brevibacillus brevis, showed an enantioselective degradation pattern in liquid culture; the respective (‐)‐R‐enantiomers were preferably degraded. Moreover, (‐)‐R‐furalaxyl was degraded faster in cultures supplemented simultaneously with both fungicides of the same concentration. Chirality 25:336–340, 2013. © 2013 Wiley‐Liss Inc. Chirality 00:000‐000:, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Selective medium based on tyrosine metabolism for the isolation and enumeration of Brevibacillus brevis (Bacillus brevis)

AIMS: To develop a selective medium for the enumeration of Brevibacillus brevis Nagano spores from soil and plant material. METHODS AND RESULTS: Tyrosine agar was developed as a selective medium and compared with nutrient agar for the enumeration of B. brevis Nagano spores from sterile and non-sterile plant and soil extracts. Brevibacillus brevis Nagano colonies could be easily identified only on tyrosine agar due to their clear halo and distinct colony morphology. Identification was confirmed by thin layer chromatography of the antibiotic, gramicidin S, produced by this strain. CONCLUSIONS: Tyrosine agar was shown to be a suitable selective medium for the enumeration of B. brevis Nagano. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The medium developed, tyrosine agar, can be used to monitor the population of the biological control agent, B. brevis Nagano, and will allow detailed studies within the crop environment.     

Enhancement of edeine production in Brevibacillus brevis X23 via in situ promoter engineering

Edeines, a group of cationic antimicrobial peptides produced by the soil bacterium Brevibacillus, have broad biological effects, such as antimicrobial, anticancer and immunosuppressive activities. However, the yield of edeines in wild-type (WT) Brevibacillus is extremely low, and chemical synthesis of edeines is a time-consuming process. Genetic engineering has proven to be an effective approach to produce antibiotics with high yield. In this study, the ede ine b iosynthetic g ene c luster (ede BGC), which is involved in edeine production, was identified and characterized in Brevibacillus brevis X23. To improve edeine production in B. brevis X23, the ede BGC promoter was replaced with six different promoters, P_mwp, P_spc, P_xylA, P_shuttle-09, P_grac or P₄₃, through double-crossover homologous recombination. The new promoters significantly increased the expression of the ede BGC as well as edeine production by 2.9 ± 0.4 to 20.5 ± 1.2-fold and 3.6 ± 0.1to 8.7 ± 0.7-fold respectively. The highest yield of edeines (83.6 mg l⁻¹) was obtained in B. brevis X23 with the P_mwp promoter. This study provides a practical approach for producing high yields of edeines in B. brevis.     

Brevibacillus brevis HOB1所产脂肽的分离纯化和鉴定

用常压反相色谱对从短短芽孢杆菌HOB1发酵液中提取到的脂肽类生物表面活性剂进行了分离纯化, 并用HPLC制备了其中的一个化合物。经电喷雾质谱分析得到该化合物的相对分子量为1035.7 D, GC/MS的分析结果显示其脂肪酸部分为C15 β-羟基脂肪酸, 由PITC柱前衍生法测得该化合物的氨基酸组成比例为: Asp:Glu:Val:Leu = 1:1:1:4。结果显示该脂肽的结构与表面活性素(C15 surfactin)类似。实验表明, 除芽孢杆菌属外, surfactin系列脂肽还能为短芽孢杆菌属所产生。