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1.
Transmission of organelle genomes in citrus somatic hybrids 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Moreira Cristina D. Chase Christine D. Gmitter Fred G. Grosser Jude W. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2000,61(2):165-168
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), were used to analyze the organelle composition of two-year-old trees, recovered
from two different experiments: protoplasts from embryogenic cell suspensions of `Succari' sweet orange (C. sinensis L. Osbeck) were fused with leaf protoplasts of Citropsis gilletiana Swingle & M. Kell or to leaf protoplasts of Atalantia ceylanica(Arn.) Oliv. The somatic hybrids of both fusion combinations had the mitochondrial genome from the embryogenic partner. In
some somatic hybrids, non-parental fragments were observed among the mitochondrial patterns. Somatic hybrids between `Succari'
+ Atalantia had plastid DNA from the embryogenic parent, while the somatic hybrids of `Succari' + Citropsis all had both parental chloroplast genomes. The relative abundance of organelle DNAs in the donor embryogenic and leaf cells
may explain the consistent transmission of the embryogenic parent mitochondrial DNA and the inheritance of the chloroplast
genome from either parent.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
2.
Maira Oropeza Ana Karina Marcano Eva De García 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):211-216
Summary Previous results have shown that some proteins secreted in the culture medium are involved with the formation of embryogenic
cells and can modify somatic embryo differentiation. Undifferentiated cell suspensions grown in the presence of 13 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and obtained from embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus were used to study these
events in sugarcane plants (cv.PR-62258). The cell suspension growth curves were determined and soluble proteins were extracted
from embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus and culture medium from cell suspensions. In embryogenic callus we detected 1.43
times more protein than in non-embryogenic callus and the electrophoretic protein patterns show specific polypeptides for
both callus types. In embryogenic callus we detected a cluster of four polypeptides in the range of 38–44 kDa and another
polypeptide of 23 kDa that were not observed in non-embryogenic callus. In nonembryogenic callus there is a 35-kDa polypeptide
that was not detected in embryogenic callus. In the case of extracellular proteins, the medium from embryogenic cell suspensions
contained four polypeptides of 41, 38, 34 and 28 kDa that were slightly detected in the medium from non-embryogenic cell cultures;
we also detected a band at 15 kDa that could not be observed in the medium from non-embryogenic cell suspensions. These results
suggest that the development of embryogenic callus and cell suspensions is related to the type and amount of intracellular
proteins in the callus cells and to the secreted proteins from these cells into the medium. 相似文献
3.
So-Young Park Hae-Min Cho Heung-Kyu Moon Yong-Wook Kim Kee-Yoeup Paek 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,105(2):265-270
In an attempt to obtain insight into the differential responsiveness of different genotypes of Kalopanax septemlobus regarding their embryogenic capacity, several parameters such as endogenous hormonal levels, DNA content, embryogenic callus
proliferation and somatic embryogenesis were studied in several genotypes of this plant. Also, to understand the effect of
the age of the explants on their embryogenic capacity, the same parameters were studied in two embryogenic cell lines of different
ages in the selected genotype. In the present study, it was observed that the cytokinins/abscisic acid (ABA) ratio plays an
important role in embryogenic capacity in the studied genotypes of K. septemlobus species. A decrease in embryogenic capacity of callus was observed with increasing age, along with a marginal decrease in
the DNA content of nuclei. Further, it can be suggested from our results that young embryogenic callus is a better choice
for somatic embryo formation than the long-term-maintained callus in K. septemlobus. 相似文献
4.
J. B. Teixeira M. R. Söndahl T. Nakamura E. G. Kirby 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1995,40(2):105-111
Primary globular callus from immature zygotic embryos and friable embryogenic tissue derived from mature zygotic embryos were used to establish suspension cultures. Callus cultures were established either on modified Y3 or MS medium containing 475–500 M 2,4-D or 250 M picloram and 0.3% (w/v) activated charcoal. Suspension cultures of both cell lines were established in modified Y3 medium containing 10 M 2,4-D. The establishment of cell suspensions from friable embryogenic tissue took only 2 months, in contrast with suspensions from primary globular callus which took 3–5 months to establish. Embryo differentiation was observed only in cell suspensions derived from the friable embryogenic tissue after plating aliquots on regeneration medium. Germinated embryos were recovered and plantlets were successfully established under greenhouse conditions.Abbreviations CET
compact embryogenic tissue
- FET
friable embryogenic tissue
- CIM
callus induction medium
- PGC
primary globular callus
- 2,3-D
2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid Y3-Eeuwens' medium
- MS
Murashige & Skoog medium
- PVP-40
polyvinylpyrrolidone
- KM
Kao & Michayluk vitamins
- ABA
abscisic acid 相似文献
5.
Susana Tereso Célia Miguel Kurt Zoglauer Carolina Valle-Piquera M. Margarida Oliveira 《Plant Growth Regulation》2006,50(1):57-68
Protocols for genetic transformation of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Sol. ex Aiton) embryogenic tissues were developed using the Agrobacterium C58pMP90/pPCV6NFGUS. This is the first report of Agrobacterium-mediated T-DNA integration in P. pinaster confirmed by Southern blot analysis. The omission of casein hydrolysate from culture medium during cocultivation and subsequent subculture was crucial to control Agrobacterium growth. Two different transformation protocols were compared: (1) bacterial drops were spread over embryogenic clumps; (2) a mixture of bacterial and embryogenic cell suspensions was plated on filter paper. The highest frequency of transformation (22 independent transformed lines per g fresh weight, for embryogenic clone 31/668/00) was obtained with Protocol 2. The same basic procedure allowed transformation of embryogenic cell suspensions, which was dependent on subculture age. From 52 hygromycin-resistant independent lines obtained, 47 showed stable uidA gene expression and were PCR-positive for uidA gene and 42 for hpt gene. No residual Agrobacterium was detected in the transformed lines. Transgene integration was achieved using both protocols, as confirmed by Southern hybridization. From 38 (90%) transformed lines successfully cryopreserved and recovered, 71% regrown replicates have maintained the frequency of cell aggregates and early-formed embryos with uidA expression. Maturation of 44 transformed lines gave rise to 3 mature somatic embryos, each one coming from a different transformed line. Our results show the high potential of Protocol 2 for application to different culture systems. 相似文献
6.
Media from embryogenic and non-embryogenic cell suspension cultures were analysed for protein content, electrophoretic protein
patterns, glycoproteins and activity of peroxidases and β-glucosidases in order to characterize the physiological status of
the cultures. On a dry mass basis the amount of extracellular proteins per cell was greater in embryogenic suspensions than
in non-embryogenic suspensions. Non-embryogenic suspensions contained unidentified slimy compounds which were not present
inembryogenic cultures. The extracellular Concanavalin A-specific glycoproteins gave different isoelectric focussing patterns
and thus enabled embryogenic and non-embryogenic cultures to be differentiated. The extracellular peroxidase activity per
cell dry mass was far greater in embryogenic than in non-embryogenic cultures. The isoenzymes differed in number and composition
of the anionic bands. β-glucosidases were found in the same range of activity in both culture types, but the time course of
enzyme activity during cultivation was significantly different. In the embryogenic culture the activity was correlated with
dry mass increase, whereas in the non-embryogenic suspension the activity reached maximum during the linear growth phase.
Polyphenoloxidase which was recently recognized as an intracellular marker for embryogenic stages was not released into culture
media.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
A. Jähne P. A. Lazzeri M. Jäger-Gussen H. Lörz 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1991,82(1):74-80
Summary We have established embryogenic cell suspension cultures of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cultivars Igri, Gimpel, Princesse, and Baronesse) from anther-derived embryogenic callus. Suspension cultures of cultivars Igri and Gimpel were regenerable. The most successful cultivar was Igri, from which a number of independent cell lines producing plantlets were established. Plants could be transferred to soil; up to now, 50% of more than 200 regenerated plants were morphologically normal and fertile. The relative frequency of sterile plants increased as suspensions aged. Suspensions older than 1 year produced embryogenic callus but only albino plantlets could be regenerated. 相似文献
8.
An embryogenic suspension culture of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) consisting of small, embryogenic cell clusters was obtained from callus formed on basal sections of young leaves through a process of selective enrichment. These suspensions were used as a source of protoplasts. The isolated protoplasts divided at a frequency of 0.5–10% when plated in an agarose solidified culture medium. Conditioned medium, in which embryogenic Dactylis suspension cultures had been grown, was found to increase the rate of cell colony formation. Protoplast-derived colonies grew rapidly in a bead-type culture system of floating agarose slabs in liquid medium. New suspension cultures formed as the colonies grew out of the agarose. These cultures were embryogenic and formed green plantlets when plated on a solid medium lacking auxin. The plantlets were established in soil and grown to mature plants.Abbreviations B5
medium according to Gamborg et al. (1968)
- SH-x
medium according to Schenk and Hildebrandt (1972) supplemented with x M dicamba
- dicamba
3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid
- KM-8p
medium 8p of Kao and Michayluk (1975) 相似文献
9.
Variations in genomic DNA methylation during the long-term in vitro proliferation of oil palm embryogenic suspension cultures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alain Rival Pascal Ilbert Axel Labeyrie Esperanza Torres Sylvie Doulbeau Aline Personne Stéphane Dussert Thierry Beulé Tristan Durand-Gasselin James W. Tregear Estelle Jaligot 《Plant cell reports》2013,32(3):359-368
Key message
The long-term proliferation of embryogenic cell suspensions of oil palm is associated with changes in both genomic methylation rates and embryogenic capacities.Abstract
In the aim of exploring the relationship between epigenetic stability and the long-term in vitro proliferation of plant tissues, we have studied changes in genomic DNA methylation levels in embryogenic suspensions of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Five embryogenic callus lines were obtained from selected hybrid seeds and then proliferated as suspension cultures. Each clonal line obtained from a single genotype was subdivided into three independent subclonal lines. Once established, cultures proliferated for 12 months and genomic DNA was sampled at 4 months intervals for the estimation of global DNA methylation rates through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantitation of deoxynucleosides. Our results show that in vitro proliferation induces DNA hypermethylation in a time-dependent fashion. Moreover, this trend is statistically significant in several clonal lines and shared between subclonal lines originating from the same genotype. Interestingly, the only clonal line undergoing loss of genomic methylation in the course of proliferation has been found unable to generate somatic embryos. We discuss the possible implications of genome-wide DNA methylation changes in proliferating cells with a view to the maintenance of genomic and epigenomic stability. 相似文献10.
Rice plants (Oryza sativa L., Chinsurah Boro II var. Indica) were regenerated from protoplasts isolated from microspore derived cell suspensions. A simple procedure for the establishment of such cell suspension cultures from embryogenic microcallus derived from cultured isolated microspores of Indica-type rice is described. Regenerating protoplasts could readily be isolated from 5–12 months old cell suspensions showing visible colony formation in the range of 180–1050 colonies/106 protoplasts after about one month in culture. More than 100 independent green plantlets were regenerated via secondary embryogenesis from ca 20×106 protoplasts. Out of 32 plants grown to maturity under greenhouse conditions 24 were fertile.Abbreviations CH
casein hydrolysate
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- ECS
embryogenic cell suspension
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
11.
Embryogenic cultures were initiated from mature zygotic embryos of Picea abies. The somatic embryos in the embryogenic cultures were first stimulated to mature and then either to develop further into plantlets or to differentiate new embryogenic cultures. The procedure was repeated three times during two years. The ability to give rise to new embryogenic cultures or to develop into plantlets was similar for all somatic embryos irrespective of how long they had been cultured in vitro. The nuclear DNA content, measured in a flow cytometer, was estimated at 32 pg/G1 nuclei in seedings developed from zygotic embryos. Nuclei isolated from embryogenic cultures and from plantlets regenerated from somatic embryos had the same DNA content as those isolated from seedlings.Abbreviations N6-benzyladenine
BA
- 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4-D
- abscisic acid
ABA 相似文献
12.
F. X. Côte R. Domergue S. Monmarson J. Schwendiman C. Teisson J. V. Escalant 《Physiologia plantarum》1996,97(2):285-290
There are very few reports on the establishment of long-term embryogenic cell cultures of banana, especially of triploid cultivars of commercial interest. Embryogenic cell suspensions were prepared using the cultivar Grand nain, the most widely grown dessert banana in the world. After culture for 5 or 6 months of immature male flowerbuds adjacent to the floral apex, yellow, compact calluses and white, friable embryogenic tissues were induced. Suspension cultures were initiated from embryogenic tissues placed in liquid medium. The packed cell volume (PCV) of the suspensions increased 2- to 5- fold with each monthly culture cycle. Plating of the embryogenic suspensions resulted in approximately 370×103 embryos per ml of PCV. Depending on the size of embryos, 3 to 20% germination was observed. A histological survey of cell suspensions and embryo development was carried out. Cellular aggregates with cells displaying typical embryogenic features were formed. Most of the somatic embryos were probably of unicellular origin. 相似文献
13.
Tanoh Hilaire Kouakou Pierre Waffo Téguo Josep Valls Yatty Justin Kouadio Alain Decendit Jean-Michel Mérillon 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2006,86(3):405-409
For the first time, trans-resveratrol, a stilbene, has been identified in cotton cell suspensions. Cell suspensions of Coker 312, a cultivar which produces embryogenic structures, acccumulate trans-resveratrol contrary to those of cultivar R405-2000, which do not. This stilbene may be a good phenolic marker for induction of somatic embryogenesis in cotton. 相似文献
14.
Analysis of genetic stability of plants regenerated from suspension cultures and protoplasts of meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
M. P. Vallés Z. Y. Wang P. Montavon I. Potrykus G. Spangenberg 《Plant cell reports》1993,12(2):101-106
A cytological and molecular analysis was performed to assess the genetic uniformity and true-to-type character of plants regenerated from 20 week-old embryogenic suspension cultures of meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.), and compared to protoplastderived plants obtained from the same cell suspension. Cytological variation was not observed in a representative sample of plants regenerated directly from the embryogenic suspensions and from protoplasts isolated therefrom. Similarly, no restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were detected in the mitochondrial, plastid and nuclear genomes in the plants analyzed. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers (RAPDs) have been used to characterise molecularly a set of mature meadow fescue plants regenerated from these in vitro cultures. RAPD markers using 18 different short oligonucleotide primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequence in combination with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allowed the detection of pre-existing polymorphisms in the donor genotypes, but failed to reveal newly generated variation in the protoplast-derived plants compared to their equivalent suspensionculture regenerated materials.The genetic stability of meadow fescue plants regenerated from suspension cultures and protoplasts isolated therefrom and its implications on gene transfer technology for this species are discussed.Abbreviations PCR
polymerase chain reaction
- RAPD
random amplified polymorphic DNA
- RFLP
restriction fragment length polymorphism. 相似文献
15.
Asymmetric somatic hybridization between wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Avena sativa L. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
XIANG Fengning XIA Guangmin CHEN Huimin 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2003,46(3):243-252
Protoplasts from cell suspensions of young-embryo-derived calli, which were nonregenerable for long-term subculture and protoplasts from embryogenic calli with the regeneration capacity of 75% of the same wheat Jinan 177, were mixed as recipient. Protoplasts from embryogenic calli of Avena sativa (with the regeneration capacity of less than 10%) irradiated with UV at an intensity of 300 μW/cm2 for 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 5 min were used as the donor. Protoplasts of the recipient and the donor were fused by PEG method. Many calli and normal green plants were regenerated at high frequency, and were verified as somatic hybrids by chromosome counting, isozyme, 5S rDNA spacer sequence analysis and GISH (genomic in situ hybridization). Fusion combination between protoplasts either from the cell suspensions or from the calli and UV-treated Avena sativa protoplasts could not regenerate green plants. 相似文献
16.
Tang K. Sun X. An D. Power J. B. Cocking E. C. Davey M. R. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2001,66(2):149-153
An efficient and rapid procedure has been developed to establish embryogenic cell suspension cultures of two Japonica Chinese
commercial rice cultivars, Zhonghua 8 and Eryi 105. Embryogenic cell suspensions of both varieties were established from 0.5–1.0
g fresh weight of embryogenic callus in AA medium within 2.5 months of the initiation of callus from sterilised seeds. The
previously reported subculture of callus on semi-solid medium for 4–8 weeks prior to transfer into liquid medium was unnecessary
and caused delay in the establishment of embryogenic cell suspensions. Protoplasts were isolated reproducibly from cell suspensions
up to 18 months after their initiation, with protoplast plating efficiencies attaining 0.15–0.37%. Reproducible plant regeneration
from 14–26% of the protoplast-derived tissues was achieved without the requirement for nurse cells.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Experiments were carried out with three-year-old embryogenic suspension culture of Gentiana pannonica Scop. The initial explant for the suspension determinated both the embryogenic character and embryo production. Cultures
were initiated by culture of hypocotyl, cotyledon and root explants on MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) medium supplemented with
1.0 mg·l−1 Kinetin and 0.5 mg·l−1 2,4-D, later transferred and maintained in liquid MS medium with 1.0 mg·l−1 Dicamba, 0.1 mg·l−1 NAA, 2.0 mg·l−1 BAP and 80.0 mg·l−1 AS. Regeneration medium included 0.0–1.0 mg·l−1 GA3+0.0−2.0 mg·l−1 Kin.+0.0−160 mg·l−1 AS.
In these culture conditions, the effect of the explant was found to be the most important factor. The curve of growth, growth
coefficient and % of participation of various size aggregates differed in the studied suspensions. Flow cytometry revealed
various DNA content in nuclei from praembryogenic mass depending on the explant origin. To complete embryogenesis the medium
was changed from liquid to solidified in the presence of the same plant growth regulators combination required. The most embryogenic
culture appeared hypocotyl-derived and it yielded the highest number of somatic embryos. The suspension culture originating
from root proliferated the highest number of embryogenic cell clusters but did not produce embryos for fraction 120–450 μm.
One hundred mg of suspension of the fraction that was larger than 450 μm yielded 309, 175, 123 embryos for the following suspensions:
root-, cotyledon-, hypocotyl-derived, respectively. Almost 50 % of non-deformed fully developed embryos from all studied suspensions
passed conversion into germling stage and finally plants were regenerated. 相似文献
18.
L. L. DeVerno P. J. Charest L. Bonen 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,88(6-7):727-732
outhern hybridization analysis using wheat mitochondrial gene-specific probes indicates that changes in mitochondrial genomic organization and the relative representation of certain genomic regions occur during in vitro somatic embryogenic cell culture ofLarix species. We observed differences in the mitochondrial (mt)DNA hybridization patterns between somatic embryogenic cell cultures and trees grown from seed forLarix leptolepis,L. decidua, and the reciprocal hybrids of these twoLarix species. This is the first study to describe the correlation of molecular changes in a gymnosperm mitochondrial genome with in vitro somatic embryogenic cell culture. Quantitative differences in mtDNA hybridization signals were also observed among a 4-year-old somatic embryogenic cell culture ofLarix ×eurolepis trees regenerated from this culture, and the seed source tree from which the somatic embryogenic cell cultures were initiated. 相似文献
19.
Recovery and regeneration of embryogenic cultures from female flowers of False Horn Plantain 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Grapin A. Ortíz J-L. Lescot T. Ferrière N. Côte F.X. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2000,61(3):237-244
Somatic embryogenesis from immature male flowers in Musa is only suitable for genotypes with a male bud. Six friable embryogenic cultures were obtained from 28 cultured buds of female
flowers of the AAB False Horn Plantains, ‘Curraré’ and ‘Curraré Enano’. Embryogenic suspensions were established from these
embryogenic cultures. Somatic embryogenesis was demonstrated histologicaly. Regeneration of plants was obtained either from
somatic embryos directly isolated from embryogenic cultures or from suspensions after plating on a semi-solid medium. This
study demonstrates that somatic embryogenesis from immature flowers is suitable for genotypes of Musa with or without male buds.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
Nuclear DNA synthesis during the induction of embryogenesis in cultured microspores and pollen of Brassica napus L. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Binarova K. Straatman B. Hause G. Hause A. A. M. van Lammeren 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,87(1-2):9-16
The dynamics of nuclear DNA synthesis were analysed in isolated microspores and pollen of Brassica napus that were induced to form embryos. DNA synthesis was visualized by the immunocytochemical labelling of incorporated Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), applied continuously or as a pulse during the first 24 h of culture under embryogenic (32 °C) and non-embryogenic (18 °C) conditions. Total DNA content of the nuclei was determined by microspectrophotometry. At the moment of isolation, microspore nuclei and nuclei of generative cells were at the G1, S or G2 phase. Vegetative nuclei of pollen were always in G1 at the onset of culture. When microspores were cultured at 18 °C, they followed the normal gametophytic development; when cultured at 32 °C, they divided symmetrically and became embryogenic or continued gametophytic development. Because the two nuclei of the symmetrically divided microspores were either both labelled with BrdU or not labelled at all, we concluded that microspores are inducible to form embryos from the G1 until the G2 phase. When bicellular pollen were cultured at 18 °C, they exhibited labelling exclusively in generative nuclei. This is comparable to the gametophytic development that occurs in vivo. Early bicellular pollen cultured at 32 °C, however, also exhibited replication in vegetative nuclei. The majority of vegetative nuclei re-entered the cell cycle after 12 h of culture. Replication in the vegetative cells preceded division of the vegetative cell, a prerequisite for pollen-derived embryogenesis. 相似文献