广西绿蟹蛛1新种：蜘蛛目：蟹蛛科

记述采自广西壮族自治区百色县茶园的蟹蛛科绿蟹蛛属1新种,广西绿蟹蛛Oxytate guangx-tensis sp.nov.。     

尾莫蟹蛛雄蛛的描述（蜘蛛目：蟹蛛科）

对蟹蛛科Ｔｈｏｍｉｓｉｄａｅ的尾莫蟹蛛Ｍｏｎａｅｓｅｓｃａｕｄａｔｕｓ雄蛛作了描述。     

我国2种微蟹蛛记述（蜘蛛目：蟹蛛科）

提出对前报道的蟹蛛科微蟹蛛属２种的修订：西安微蟹蛛ＬｙｓｔｉｅｌｅｓｘｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓＳｏｎｇｅｔＷａｎｇ,１９９１应为小微蟹蛛Ｌｙｓｔｅｌｅｓｍｉｎｉｕｍｕｓ（Ｓｃｈｅｎｋｅｌ１９５３）的异名,唐迎秋等（１９９５）报道的小微蟹蛛雌蛛,改订为１个新种－文微蟹蛛Ｌｙｓｔｅｌｅｓｗｅｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。     

中国蟹蛛科（蜘蛛目）新种记述

记述我国蟹蛛科花蟹蛛属６新种和蟹蛛属２新种,共计８新种,金林花蟹蛛Ｘｙｓｔｉｃｕｓｊｉｎｌｉｎ,玛纳斯花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｍａｎａｓ,林芝花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｎｙｉｎｇｃｈｉｅｎｓｉｓ,拟斑花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｐａｒａｐｕｎｃｔａｔｕｓ,似旋花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｔｏｒｓｉｖｏｉｄｅｓ,吴氏花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｗｕａｅ,广西蟹蛛Ｔｈｏｍｉｓｕｓｇｕａｎｇｘｉｃｕｓ和胡氏蟹蛛Ｔ．ｈｕｉ。     

中国绿蟹蛛属一新种记述(蜘蛛目,蟹蛛科)

记述了采自中国湖南省石门县壶瓶山国家自然保护区境内的蟹蛛科Thomisidae绿蟹蛛属Oxytate 1新种:微绿蟹蛛Oxytate minuta sp.nov,新种与冲绳绿蟹蛛Oxytatehoshizuna Ono,1978较为近似,但有以下几点不同:1)身体大小、形状差别较大,本种身体微小2.60,而后者一般在7.00以上,2)本种插入器隆起于生殖球之上,而后者并不如此.模式标本保存在湖南师范大学生命科学学院.文中量度单位为mm.词源:本种以其体型微小而命名.     

陕西蟹蛛科蜘蛛三新种记述

本文记述陕西秦岭山区蟹蛛科Ｔｈｏｍｉｓｉｄａｅ蜘蛛三新种：高寒花蟹蛛,新种Ｘｙｓｔｉｃｕｓ ａｌｓｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,太白峭腹蛛,新种Ｔｍａｒｕｓ ｔａｉｂａｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,秦岭峭腹蛛,新种Ｔｍａｒｕｓ ｑｉｎｌｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,。     

海南3种蟹蛛记述

记述海南尖峰岭3种蟹蛛:海南泥蟹蛛Borboropaclus hainanus Song(雌蛛新发现),大东斜蟹蛛Lox obales dailoensis Ono(中国新纪录)和海南花蟹蛛Xysticus hainanus sp.nov.(新种)。同时对各种的分类地位作简短的讨论。     

中国瘤蟹蛛属1新纪录种(蜘蛛目:蟹蛛科)

记述我国瘤蟹蛛属1新纪录种,加藤瘤蟹蛛（Phrynarachne katoi Tkiuni,1955)。     

狼蛛,蟹蛛和跳蛛

狼蛛、蟹蛛和跳蛛分别是蜘蛛目中三个科的蜘蛛的通称。这三类蜘蛛包括了我们日常见到的游猎型蜘蛛的大部分种类,它们在帮助人类消灭害虫中所起作用也较大,所以作为动物学教学中的例子加以介绍。 (一)狼蛛狼蛛在地面或植物上疾驰,凶狠如狼,故名。体长3-25毫米,但多数种类在5-8毫米间。体色多黄褐色,不鲜艳。8眼,排成三列。前列4个小眼,中、后两列各2个眼,较大;后列两眼的间距稍大于中列两眼的间距(图1左)。卵袋扁球形,由两片半圆形丝膜缝合而成。卵袋挂在母蛛腹部后端的纺器上,由母蛛随身携带。幼蛛孵出后不分散,而是爬伏在母蛛腹部     

中国广西绿蟹蛛属1新种(蜘蛛目:蟹蛛科)

作者在进行中国广西大明山无脊椎动物资源调查研究时,发现了蜘蛛目蟹蛛科绿蟹蛛属1新种,命名为饼绿蟹蛛Oxytate placentiformis sp.nov..所有标本均保存在河北大学生命科学学院.文中测量单位为mm.饼绿蟹蛛,新种Oxytate placentiformis sp.nov.(图1～6)正模♂,广西南宁大明山自然保护区浣纱瀑布,2011-05-23,王英楠采.鉴别特征 在分布于亚洲大陆的本属种类中,本新种与冲绳绿蟹蛛O.hoshizuna Ono,1978,钳绿蟹蛛O.forcipata Zhang&Yin,1998和小头绿蟹蛛O.capitulata Tang&Li,2009外形和触肢器十分相似,但具有以下不同:本种触肢胫节突长,端部弯曲呈"7"字形,而冲绳绿蟹蛛O.hoshizuna的胫节突末端强烈弯曲呈钩状,钳绿蟹蛛O.forcipata胫节突末端呈钳状,小头绿蟹蛛O.capitulata Tang&Li,2009胫节突末端弯曲呈鸟头状.词源学 本新种以雄蛛背甲的形状而拟定.正模 雄蛛体长7.75:头胸部长2.81,宽2.40; 腹部长5.20,宽1.38.背甲黄褐色,中窝纵向线状,颈沟和放射沟不明显; 背甲圆形,头区轻微隆起.8眼2列,背面观两眼列均后凹,后眼列较宽,前侧眼和后侧眼突出; 前中眼直径0.08,前侧眼直径0.10,后中眼直径0.08,后侧眼直径0.10;前中眼距0.13,前中侧眼距0.10,后中眼距0.10,后中侧眼距0.30; 中眼域梯形,前边大于后边(0.30:0.25).螯肢黄褐色,前后齿堤无齿.颚叶黄色,边缘有浓厚的长毛.胸板淡黄色,长大于宽.步足黄褐色,步足测量:Ⅰ 12.40 (3.83+1.38+3.42+2.60+1.17),Ⅱ 12.60 (3.88+1.38+3.57+2.60+1.17),Ⅲ 6.80 (2.09+0.77+1.79+1.33+0.82),Ⅳ7.05 (2.40+0.71+1.79+1.33+0.82); 足式:2143.腹部十分窄长,淡黄色,被有黑色长毛; 腹部背面前端有2对明显的肌痕,腹部后部有横纹,似分节状.触肢胫节腹突拇指状; 外侧突较长,末端骨化程度高,弯曲呈"7"字形状; 生殖球简单,内侧具亚盾板; 插入器刺状,末端较钝.分布:广西.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.