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以‘中林5号’(早熟)、‘辽宁4号’(中熟)、‘西扶1号’(中晚熟)青皮核桃果实为试材,于8月上、中、下旬3个采收期采果,在0~1℃冷藏过程中测定贮期生理指标和保鲜效应。结果显示:(1)各采收期和各品种果实呼吸强度(RI)均呈双峰型变化;8月中旬采收的果实呼吸峰出现较早,其纤维素酶(Cx)活性较另2个采收期多1个高峰;多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)活性增强最早,其贮后核仁酸价上升幅度最大,果实腐烂最快。(2)8月下旬同期采收的3个品种果实的贮期各生理指标变化趋于一致;贮藏54d时,果实腐烂率依次为‘辽宁4号’>‘中林5号’>‘西扶1号’。(3)‘辽宁4号’核仁可溶性蛋白质含量越高,贮后下降率最大。研究表明,青皮核桃果实采后生理代谢活性与耐贮性主要与采收时期有关,受品种影响较小,且8月中旬采收的果实采后生理代谢旺盛,耐贮藏性均最差;‘辽宁4号’果实在各采收期的耐贮性均小于其他品种果实。 相似文献
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江苏东山山地枇杷果实品质与果园土壤、叶片和果实矿质元素的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以江苏省苏州吴中区山地种植的24个枇杷果园的‘白玉’枇杷为研究对象,采用典型相关分析法研究土壤、叶片和果实矿质元素间及其与果实品质指标的相关性,应用多元线性回归分析法筛选影响枇杷果实品质的土壤、叶片和果实的主要矿质元素和影响叶片矿质元素的主要土壤矿质养分因子,为改善枇杷果实品质的果园营养管理技术提供理论参考依据。结果表明:(1)枇杷果实品质指标在不同果园间存在较大差异。(2)枇杷果实品质主要受其叶片和果实矿质元素含量影响,其中:枇杷单果质量与叶片中N含量呈显著正相关,与果实中N含量呈显著负相关;可溶性固形物含量与叶片中N和Mg元素含量呈极显著正相关,与果实中P、Mn元素含量呈极显著正相关,与果实中Ca、Mg元素含量呈极显著负相关;可滴定酸含量与叶片中N和Zn元素含量呈显著负相关,与果实中N、Mn元素含量呈显著负相关,与果实中Ca元素含量呈显著正相关。(3)果实品质指标与土壤矿质养分含量的相关性较弱,土壤矿质养分主要通过影响叶片矿质元素含量,进而间接影响果实品质,其中土壤中P、K、Ca、Mn、Cu元素对叶片中矿质元素含量影响较大。研究认为,提高土壤中P、K、Zn含量并减少土壤Ca含量是东山山地枇杷果园土壤管理的关键技术途径;提高叶片中N含量以及果实中N、P、Mn含量和减少果实中Ca、Mg含量是改善东山山地枇杷果实品质的关键措施。 相似文献
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以生长一致的红肉脐橙成年植株为试材,研究了果实转色前外源GA3和ABA处理对果实品质的影响。结果表明,外源GA3处理提高了果皮亮度,但降低了果皮红色度、黄色度和单果重;ABA处理提高了果皮红色度,但降低了果皮亮度;GA3100mg/L处理虽然极显著降低了果皮厚度,极显著提高了果皮亮度、可溶性固形物和VitC含量,但同时极显著降低了果皮红色度、糖酸比,并极显著提高了果实含酸量;外源ABA处理还极显著降低了果实可食率、出汁率和VitC含量。因此,在果实转色前用外源GA3和ABA处理红肉脐橙果实均不利于其综合品质的提高。 相似文献
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Xiaoqin Zhang Tao Tong Bin Tian Yunxia Fang Jiangjie Pan Junjun Zheng Dawei Xue 《Phyton》2019,88(3):253-260
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most Aluminum (Al) sensitive cereal species. In this study, the physiological, biochemical, and molecular response of barley seedlings to Al treatment was examined to gain insight into Al response and tolerance mechanisms. The results showed that superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activity were inhibited to different degrees following Al exposure. The MDA content also significantly increased with increasing Al concentrations. SRAP results indicated significant differences between Al treatments and controls in terms of SRAP profile, and the genomic template stability (GTS) decreased with increasing Al concentration and duration. These integrative results help to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that the barley response to Al toxicity. 相似文献
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Olive productivity should be improved through stimulating nutrition, particularly under poor fertility soils. Consequently, the objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of applying organic and bio-fertilizers on the physiological growth, yield and fruit quality of olive trees under newly reclaimed poor-fertility sandy soil in an aridenvironment. During a field experiment carried out at El-Qantara, North Sinai, Egypt over two consecutive seasons (2019–2020 and 2020–2021), olive Kalamata trees were evaluated under three organic fertilizer treatmentsalone or in combination with three bio-fertilizers treatments. Organic fertilizer was applied as goat manure(16.8 kg/tree/year), or olive pomace (8.5 kg/tree/year) in mid-December of each season vs. untreated trees.The bio-fertilizers were applied as N-fixing bacteria (150 g/tree) was inculated in early March of each season,or amino acid mixture (1.5%) was applied three times, at 70% of full bloom, 21 days after full bloom, and a monthlater in comparison to a non-fertilized trees (control). The cultivar used was Kalamata, a dual-purpose cultivar foroil and table olives whose value increases when processed as table olives. The results indicated that the goat manure followed by olive pomace significantly enhanced photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids),leaf mineral contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Fe), tree canopy volume, number of flowers per inflorescence, numberof inflorescences per shoot, initial fruit set, fruit retention. For fruit quality, fruit length and width, fruit weight,and total fruit yield was increased compared to the non-fertilized control. Likewise, The bio-fertilizer N-fixingbacteria followed by the amino acid mixture significantly improved all of the aforementioned parameters. Accordingly, it is recommended, both environmentally and economically to utilize organic and bio-fertizers, particularlygoat manure combined with N-fixing bacteria, in low-fertility soil to sustain olive production as well as reducingmineral fertilization. 相似文献
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Mengyao Yan Xianqi Zeng Banghui Zhang Hui Zhang Di Tan Binghua Cai Shenchun Qu Sanhong Wang 《Phyton》2023,92(1):193-208
The effect of soil nutrient content on fruit yield and fruit quality is very important. To explore the effect of soil nutrients on apple quality we investigated 200 fruit samples from 40 orchards in Feng County, Jiangsu Province. Soil mineral elements and fruit quality were measured. The effect of soil nutrient content on fruit quality was analyzed by artificial neural network (ANN) model. The results showed that the prediction accuracy was highest (R2 = 0.851, 0.847, 0.885, 0.678 and 0.746) in mass per fruit (MPF), hardness (HB), soluble solids concentrations (SSC), titratable acid concentration (TA) and solid-acid ratio (SSC/TA), respectively. The sensitivity analysis of the prediction model showed that soil available P, K, Ca and Mg contents had the greatest impact on the quality of apple fruit. Response surface method (RSM) was performed to determine the optimum range of the available P, K, Ca, and Mg contents in orchards In Feng County, which were 10∼20 mg⋅kg−1, 170∼200 mg⋅kg−1, 1000∼1500 mg⋅kg−1, and 80∼200 mg⋅kg−1, respectively. The research also concluded that improving the content of available P and available Ca in orchard soil was crucial to improve apple fruit quality in Feng County, Jiangsu Province. 相似文献
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低温胁迫下乌塌菜对外源硅的生理响应 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在土培条件下,研究了低温胁迫下不同浓度的硅酸钠对乌塌菜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,低温胁迫抑制了乌塌菜的生长,降低了干物质的积累。外施硅可以显著提高乌塌菜叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性,迅速积累大量的脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白,从而有效缓解低温胁迫对乌塌菜幼苗的影响,尤其是外施0.5mmol·L^-1Na2SiO3处理15d时,乌塌菜干物质积累达到了正常生长植株的86.2%。但随着施用硅浓度的增加,缓解效果则降低。 相似文献
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研究不同浓度氨基酸叶面硒肥(CK、1200倍液、900倍液和600倍液)对智能温室人工栽培红杆铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale)枝条(即鲜条)富硒、抽芽和多糖含量的影响。结果表明,氨基酸硒肥各浓度处理均极显著提高鲜条硒和多糖含量。鲜条硒含量与氨基酸硒肥浓度呈正相关,且各处理间达极显著差异。鲜条多糖含量在氨基酸硒肥浓度较低(CK、1200、900倍液)时呈正相关,并在氨基酸硒肥900倍液时达最高(35.213 g·kg-1),之后呈递减趋势。氨基酸硒肥稀释达900倍时,90%以上鲜条已抽出3片韧叶,表明氨基酸硒肥明显促进鲜条生长。因此,环保型氨基酸硒肥900倍液是铁皮石斛营养积累前期较适宜浓度。 相似文献
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用80uL·L-1外源乙烯和1.0 uL·L-11-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理不同后熟期'菊水'梨果实,分析处理后果实品质和生理指标在(25±1)℃贮藏温度下的变化特征.结果显示:在采收当天(采后0 d)和呼吸跃变初期(采后4 d),外源乙烯处理能明显促进果实硬度和可溶性同形物含量(SSC)的下降,降低活性氧清除酶(SOD、CAT和APX)的活性,提高呼吸速率和乙烯释放速率,促进果实后熟,1-MCP处理却表现出与乙烯相反的效应,且采收当天比呼吸跃变初期的作用效果更明显;在呼吸跃变中期(采后12 d),外源乙烯和1-MCP处理效果均不明显.研究发现,外源乙烯能促进果实后熟而1-MCP却抑制果实后熟,其效果因处理果实后熟期的不同而存在显著差异,果实后熟程度越高,其处理的效果越不明显. 相似文献
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多蒴灰藓对强紫外线照射的生理响应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将多蒴灰藓(Hypnum fertile)置于紫外辐射下照光3周,研究了紫外辐射对多蒴灰藓的损害及其生理响应。结果表明: 与对照(自然环境)相比,多蒴灰藓的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量均随紫外辐射时间的延长而减少,MDA含量却明显增加,SOD、POD和CAT活性也相应增加;增加紫外辐射量会引起多蒴灰藓的氧化胁迫,其能通过增加抗氧化酶的活性来减轻这种胁迫。 相似文献
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采后ABA、GA_3对芒果细胞壁降解酶、类胡萝卜素含量的作用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
芒果后熟初期上部和内部PG活性高于下部和外部。后熟期PG活性上升至高峰后下降,PME活性则不断下降。ABA能使PG活性增高,GA3则抑制了PG活性,并推迟了PG活性的高峰期。不过,GA3或ABA处理对后熟期PME活性都没有一致的影响。芒果后熟期α-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素和叶黄素含量不断升高,GA3能使三者上升速度减缓;ABA则显著加快β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素的上升。从外源β-胡萝卜素引起PG活性上升的结果,讨论了后熟期类胡萝卜素与PG活性的间接关系。 相似文献
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研究采用蓝光、红蓝光、紫外光3种植物生长灯对设施内‘春雪’和‘中油4号’桃进行暗期延时补光,以设施内暗期光照为对照,探究不同光质补光对设施内桃果实品质及叶片质量的影响,并筛选最优补光光质。结果表明:(1)与对照(未补光)相比,3种补光处理对设施内‘春雪’和‘中油4号’桃果实品质及叶片质量均影响显著,且不同光质处理间存在显著差异。(2)蓝光补光处理桃果实单果重最大,可溶性固形物含量最高,可溶性糖含量较高,维生素C含量最高,可滴定酸含量较低,叶片叶绿素含量最高,叶面积最大,叶片及其栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度最厚,而果实酚类物质含量居中。(3)紫外光补光处理桃果实的酚酸类、黄烷醇类、黄酮醇类、花色苷类4类酚类物质含量最高,而果实品质居中,叶片叶绿素含量、叶面积以及叶片及栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度较低。(4)红蓝光补光处理桃果实的单果重、可溶性糖、维生素C含量和酚类物质含量最低,而叶片质量居中。研究认为,适宜的设施内暗期延时补光可显著提高桃叶片质量,有效改善桃果实单果重和营养品质,并以蓝光补光的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Hesham F. Alharby Mirza Hasanuzzaman Hassan S. Al-Zahrani Khalid Rehman Hakeem 《Phyton》2021,90(2):373-388
The mechanism of selenium (Se)-induced salt tolerance was studied in moderately sensitive soybean (Glycine
max L.) plants. To execute this view, soybean plants were imposed with salt stress (EC 6 dS m−1
) applying NaCl.
In other treatments, Se (0, 25, 50 and 75 µM Na2SeO4) was sprayed as co-application with that level of salt stress.
Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, SPAD value decreased noticeably under salt stress. Altered proline (Pro)
level, together with decreased leaf relative water content (RWC) was observed in salt-affected plants. Salt stress
resulted in brutal oxidative damage and increased the content of H2O2, MDA level and electrolyte leakage. Exogenous Se spray alleviated oxidative damage through boosting up the antioxidant defense system by increasing the
activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR), as well
as by improving non-enzymatic antioxidants like glutathione (GSH) and GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSSG). The
upregulated antioxidant defense system, restored Pro and leaf RWC, higher SPAD value conferred better growth
and development in Se-sprayed salt-affected soybean plants which altogether put forth for the progressive yield
contributing parameters and finally, seed yield. Among different doses of Se, soybean plants sprayed with 50 µM
Na2SeO4 showed better salt tolerance. 相似文献