SPA-Luc嵌合基因的构建及其融合蛋白活性检测

目的:葡萄球菌A蛋白-荧光素酶(SPA-Luc)原核表达载体的构建,表达,纯化,并对其生物学效应进行初步研究。方法:PCR扩增SPA和Luc基因,并连接到pET28a(+)中,构建原核表达质粒。构建正确的重组质粒转化至E.coliBL21(DE3),IPTG诱导蛋白表达,SDS-PAGE及Western Blot鉴定,同时用Ni-NTA亲和层析法纯化SPA-Luc蛋白,最后用荧光素酶试剂盒和ELISA检测融合蛋白的生物学活性。结果:成功构建重组质粒pET28a(+)-SPA、pET28a(+)-Luc和pET28a(+)-SPA-Luc,SDS-PAGE及Western Blot证明正确表达了重组蛋白,并获得了纯化的融合蛋白SPA-Luc。荧光素酶试剂盒检测发现该蛋白仍能与IgG结合,并且与兔和鼠的IgG有较高亲和性。ELISA显示SPA-Luc蛋白替代常规二抗检测抗原,具有更高的敏感性。结论:成功的克隆、表达、纯化的SPA-Luc蛋白可用于抗原抗体的检测,且比常规二抗具有更高的敏感性,为进一步研究其在免疫学中的应用奠定了实验基础。     

茶树咖啡碱合成酶基因原核表达、及其抗体制备与鉴定

克隆出茶树咖啡碱合成酶基因,对其进行原核表达,并制备TCS1抗体,旨在从蛋白水平研究茶树体内TCS1的表达情况。根据Gen Bank登陆的TCS1基因的全长c DNA序列,找出其完整的ORF(开放阅读框),从茶树叶片c DNA中克隆了TCS1基因的开放阅读框,连接到p GEX-4T-2表达载体,经IPTG诱导表达重组蛋白p GEX-4T-2-TCS1。进行体外酶活检测后,亲和层析纯化重组蛋白,作为抗原免疫家兔,制备TCS1多克隆抗体。用ELISA方法检测抗体效价,Western blot检测抗体的特异性。通过优化诱导条件,得出重组蛋白的最佳表达条件为:30℃、4 h。诱导后的总蛋白、可溶性蛋白与包涵体蛋白均出现一条明显的外源蛋白条带。抗体经ELISA检测,效价为1∶2 000,Western blot检测表明抗体具有相对较好的特异性。构建了TCS1原核表达质粒,同时成功制备了抗TCS1的多克隆抗体。     

真养雷氏菌DKC1菌株镉抗性czcC基因的克隆与表达

利用PCR技术从真养雷氏菌 (Ralstoniaeutropha)菌株质粒中扩增出 1 2kb的镉抗性系统结构修饰蛋白的编码基因czcC ,然后将其克隆到pGEM T easy载体上 ,构建重组质粒 ,经EcoRⅠ酶切分析和核苷酸序列分析 ,与Gen Bank中登录的czcC基因序列相似性高达 98% ,显示其具有正确的czcC基因核苷酸序列 ,并利用pET 30a( )Vector在E .coliBL2 1中进行了成功表达。为进一步研究微生物抗镉机理及构建耐镉基因工程菌提供重要的基础资料     

具有抗HIV活性的天花粉蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达及纯化

目的:天花粉蛋白(TCS)有较强的抗HIV活性。利用基因工程技术在大肠杆菌中表达TCS并进行纯化。方法:从新鲜栝楼叶片中获取TCS基因组DNA,利用PCR技术扩增其全长基因,经BamHⅠ和EcoRⅠ双酶切后与原核表达载体pRSET-A连接,转化感受态E.coliDH5α,提取质粒进行酶切鉴定及测序;将所获阳性重组质粒转化感受态E.coliBL21(DE3)得到工程菌,经IPTG诱导表达后,对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE及Western印迹鉴定;用Ni-NTA柱对所获目的蛋白进行纯化。结果:获得了目的蛋白的可溶性高效表达,并通过了Western印迹鉴定。经Ni-NTA柱纯化后,得到大量均一的6His-TCS融合蛋白。结论:TCS在大肠杆菌中的表达与纯化,为通过基因工程方法研制具有抗HIV活性的药物奠定了基础。     

人GPC3基因的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

旨在构建人磷酯酰肌醇蛋白聚糖3(Glypican3,GPC3)原核蛋白,制备小鼠GPC3抗血清。扩增人GPC3基因c DNA的完整的开放阅读框,克隆至p ET28a原核表达载体,在大肠杆菌BL21表达菌株中诱导表达磷酯酰肌醇蛋白聚糖融合蛋白,利用亲和层析的方法纯化his-融合蛋白,通过SDS-PAGE电泳检测蛋白的纯度,并测定蛋白含量;免疫Balb/c小鼠,制备抗血清。结果显示,成功制备了小鼠抗GPC3多克隆抗体,抗体滴度为1∶51 200,经Western blot检查特异性良好。原核表达的重组人GPC3蛋白具有较好的免疫原性。     

Angioarrestin(hARP1)C端FD区的克隆、表达及其免疫活性鉴定

Angioarrestin是一种具有潜在应用价值的肿瘤血管形成抑制因子.利用DNA重组法构建了angioarrestinC端hFDcDNA和麦芽糖结合蛋白(MBP)重组原核表达质粒pMAL-C2-hFD.将重组质粒转入大肠杆菌E.coliBL21(DE3),经0.3mmol/LIPTG在37℃条件下诱导表达4h,SDS-PAGE检测,融合蛋白表达量约占细菌总蛋白的20%.Western印迹证实,目的蛋白N端带有MBP标签.取表达上清纯化、透析、浓缩并冻干,以此为抗原免疫Balb/c小鼠制备多克隆抗体.此多抗可以与pET-22b( )表达系统获得的hFD重组蛋白发生良好的抗原抗体反应,ELISA检测多抗效价达1∶10240.实验证明:通过基因重组可获得angioarrestinC端hFD在大肠杆菌中的高效表达蛋白,且该蛋白具有较高的免疫活性.以此为抗原制备的抗angioarrestin多克隆抗体为深入研究angioarrestin提供了材料.     

烟粉虱MED隐种气味结合蛋白基因BtabOBP2和BtabOBP4的cDNA克隆及原核表达

采用RT-PCR和RACE技术成功克隆烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)气味结合蛋白(odorant binding protein,OBP)基因BtabOBP2和BtabOBP4的cDNA全长。BtabOBP2(Gen Bank登录号:AIS71883)和BtabOBP4(Gen Bank登录号:AIS71884)的cDNA序列全长分别为1107 bp和874 bp,完整开放阅读框(ORF)分别为744 bp和429 bp,分别编码247和142氨基酸,BtabOBP4有6个保守的半胱氨酸,属于典型OBP,而BtabOBP2除了具有典型OBP的6个半胱氨酸,增加了3个保守的半胱氨酸,属于Plus-C OBP。将得到的BtabOBP2和BtabOBP4重组到原核表达载体pET30a(+),转化入BL21(DE3)大肠杆菌感受态细胞,用IPTG诱导融合蛋白表达。采用亲和层析和凝胶过滤层析纯化融合蛋白,并进行Western blot分析。结果显示,BtabOBP2和BtabOBP4融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中均有可溶性表达,Western blot结果证实所表达的融合蛋白确实为目的蛋白。BtabOBP2融合蛋白在SDS-PAGE中的表观分子量比预测的分子量大了6.53 k Da,用重组肠激酶切掉6×His标签后,目的蛋白的表观分子量与预测分子量相近,偏差降低,说明6×His标签是造成融合蛋白表观分子量偏差的原因。本研究明确了烟粉虱气味结合蛋白基因BtabOBP2和BtabOBP4的核苷酸、氨基酸序列特征,并成功进行了原核表达和纯化,为进一步研究这两个OBP基因的分子结构和功能奠定了基础。     

人抗酶抑制因子-1的克隆与原核表达

目的:克隆人抗酶抑制因子-1(ornithine decarboxylase antizyme inhibitor-1,OAZI-1)cDNA,建立在大肠杆菌中原核表达并纯化人OAZI-1蛋白的实验技术。方法:巢式RT-PCR法从人A549总RNA中扩增人OAZI-1 cDNA并构建pET-28a/OAZI-1原核表达质粒。该质粒转化大肠杆菌原核表达菌BL21(DE3)后IPTG诱导表达。诱导表达出的重组蛋白用Ni-NTA树脂亲和层析纯化。SDS-PAGE和Western法检测重组OAZI-1蛋白的表达和纯化。结果:成功克隆出编码全长人OAZI-1的cDNA序列,并构建出原核表达质粒pET-28a/OAZI-1。DNA测序分析,重组质粒中的OAZI-1 cDNA无突变,与6×His标签框架对接正确。重组质粒转化入大肠杆菌表达菌BL21(DE3)中后,可用IPTG诱导表达出重组OAZI-1蛋白,该重组蛋白可用Ni-NTA树脂亲和层析纯化。结论:成功建立了人抗酶抑制因子的原核表达和纯化的实验方法,为后续OAZI-1的功能研究奠定了基础。     

人乳头瘤病毒6型L1基因的克隆和表达及鉴定

克隆人乳头瘤病毒6型(HPV-6)保护性抗原L1基因,构建L1基因表达载体。从临床诊断尖锐湿疣的病理组织标本中提取HPV-6的DNA,采用高保真PCR扩增其保护性抗原L1基因,T-A克隆后测定核苷酸序列。构建pET32a的L1表达载体,在E.coliBL21DE3宿主菌中用不同浓度的IPTG诱导表达。采用SDS-PAGE鉴定表达产物。所克隆的L1基因与报道的相应核苷酸序列同源性为99.20%~99.93%,氨基酸序列同源性高达99.80%~100%。SDS-PAGE结果显示,在构建的载体中成功表达预计大小分子量的融合蛋白,成功构建了HPV-6的保护性基因L1的表达系统。     

鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的用RT-PCR技术扩增鸭坦布苏病毒(DTMUV)AH-F10株E基因,并克隆至pET32a(+)载体,构建重组表达质粒pET32a-E,表达E蛋白。方法重组表达质粒转化感受态细胞BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导后,获得含6个His标签的融合蛋白,大小约54kDa。表达的蛋白以包涵体形式存在。对目的蛋白进行纯化,用纯化的E蛋白免疫Balb/c小鼠,制备多克隆抗体血清。结果SDS-PAGE和Western blot试验结果表明E基因在大肠埃希菌中成功表达,并能与抗DTMUV多克隆抗体产生特异性反应,具有良好的反应原性。间接免疫荧光试验表明免疫小鼠后获得的多克隆抗体能与DTMUV反应。结论本研究为DTMUV新型疫苗和诊断试剂盒的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

Role of the ASK1-SEK1-JNK1-HIPK1 signal in Daxx trafficking and ASK1 oligomerization

Overexpression of JNK binding domain inhibited glucose deprivation-induced JNK1 activation, relocalization of Daxx from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) oligomerization in human prostate adenocarcinoma DU-145 cells. However, SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, did not prevent relocalization of Daxx and oligomerization of ASK1 during glucose deprivation. Studies from in vivo labeling and immune complex kinase assay demonstrated that phosphorylation of Daxx occurred during glucose deprivation, and its phosphorylation was mediated through the ASK1-SEK1-JNK1-HIPK1 signal transduction pathway. Data from immunofluorescence staining and protein interaction assay suggest that phosphorylated Daxx may be translocated to the cytoplasm, bind to ASK1, and subsequently lead to ASK1 oligomerization. Mutation of Daxx Ser667 to Ala results in suppression of Daxx relocalization during glucose deprivation, suggesting that Ser667 residue plays an important role in the relocalization of Daxx. Unlike wild-type Daxx, a Daxx deletion mutant (amino acids 501-625) mainly localized to the cytoplasm, where it associated with ASK1, activated JNK1, and induced ASK1 oligomerization without glucose deprivation. Taken together, these results show that glucose deprivation activates the ASK1-SEK1-JNK1-HIPK1 pathway, and the activated HIPK1 is probably involved in the relocalization of Daxx from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The relocalized Daxx may play an important role in glucose deprivation-induced ASK1 oligomerization.     

DEC1 and MIC-1

Comment on: Qian Y, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2012; 109:11300-5.     

LINE-1编码蛋白L1-ORF1的原核表达纯化和多克隆抗体制备

目的: 制备具有肿瘤组织特异性表达的L1-ORF1蛋白多克隆抗体并进行初步应用研究。方法:采取基因工程表达方法制备L1-ORF1蛋白,免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体,间接ELISA检测抗体效价,Western blot和细胞免疫荧光方法检测抗体特异性,免疫检测验证其识别肿瘤细胞内L1-ORF1蛋白的特异性。结果:制备的抗L1-ORF1蛋白多克隆抗体具有很高的敏感性与特异性,免疫学检测表明该抗体不仅能检测出正常细胞中瞬时表达的L1-ORF1蛋白,而且可检测出肿瘤细胞中天然表达的L1-ORF1蛋白。结论:制备的多克隆抗体具有较高的敏感性与特异性,为以后该抗体的进一步应用奠定了基础。     

Antagonism between Cry1Ac1 and Cyt1A1 Toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis

Most strains of the insecticidal bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis have a combination of different protoxins in their parasporal crystals. Some of the combinations clearly interact synergistically, like the toxins present in B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. In this paper we describe a novel joint activity of toxins from different strains of B. thuringiensis. In vitro bioassays in which we used pure, trypsin-activated Cry1Ac1 proteins from B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, Cyt1A1 from B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, and Trichoplusia ni BTI-Tn5B1-4 cells revealed contrasting susceptibility characteristics. The 50% lethal concentrations (LC₅₀s) were estimated to be 4,967 of Cry1Ac1 per ml of medium and 11.69 ng of Cyt1A1 per ml of medium. When mixtures of these toxins in different proportions were assayed, eight different LC₅₀s were obtained. All of these LC₅₀s were significantly higher than the expected LC₅₀s of the mixtures. In addition, a series of bioassays were performed with late first-instar larvae of the cabbage looper and pure Cry1Ac1 and Cyt1A1 crystals, as well as two different combinations of the two toxins. The estimated mean LC₅₀ of Cry1Ac1 was 2.46 ng/cm² of diet, while Cyt1A1 crystals exhibited no toxicity, even at very high concentrations. The estimated mean LC₅₀s of Cry1Ac1 crystals were 15.69 and 19.05 ng per cm² of diet when these crystals were mixed with 100 and 1,000 ng of Cyt1A1 crystals per cm² of diet, respectively. These results indicate that there is clear antagonism between the two toxins both in vitro and in vivo. Other joint-action analyses corroborated these results. Although this is the second report of antagonism between B. thuringiensis toxins, our evidence is the first evidence of antagonism between toxins from different subspecies of B. thuringiensis (B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki and B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis) detected both in vivo and in vitro. Some possible explanations for this relationship are discussed.     

Regulation of PCTAIRE1 protein stability by AKT1, LKB1 and BRCA1

PCTAIRE1, also known as CDK16, is a cyclin-dependent kinase that is regulated by cyclin Y. It is a member of the serine-threonine family of kinases and its functions have primarily been implicated in cellular processes like vesicular transport, neuronal growth and development, myogenesis, spermatogenesis and cell proliferation. However, as extensive studies on PCTAIRE1 have not yet been conducted, the signaling pathways for this kinase involved in governing many cellular processes are yet to be elucidated in detail. Here, we report the association of PCTAIRE1 with important cellular proteins involved in major cell signaling pathways, especially cell proliferation. In particular, here we show that PCTAIRE1 interacts with AKT1, a key player of the PI3K signaling pathway that is responsible for promoting cell survival and proliferation. Our studies show that PCTAIRE1 is a substrate of AKT1 that gets stabilized by it. Further, we show that PCTAIRE1 also interacts with and is degraded by LKB1, a kinase that is known to suppress cellular proliferation and also regulate cellular energy metabolism. Moreover, our results show that PCTAIRE1 is also degraded by BRCA1, a well-known tumor suppressor. Together, our studies highlight the regulation of PCTAIRE1 by key players of the major cell signaling pathways involved in regulating cell proliferation, and therefore, provide crucial links that could be explored further to elucidate the mechanistic role of PCTAIRE1 in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.     

Antagonism between Cry1Ac1 and Cyt1A1 toxins of bacillus thuringiensis

Most strains of the insecticidal bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis have a combination of different protoxins in their parasporal crystals. Some of the combinations clearly interact synergistically, like the toxins present in B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. In this paper we describe a novel joint activity of toxins from different strains of B. thuringiensis. In vitro bioassays in which we used pure, trypsin-activated Cry1Ac1 proteins from B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, Cyt1A1 from B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, and Trichoplusia ni BTI-Tn5B1-4 cells revealed contrasting susceptibility characteristics. The 50% lethal concentrations (LC50s) were estimated to be 4,967 of Cry1Ac1 per ml of medium and 11.69 ng of Cyt1A1 per ml of medium. When mixtures of these toxins in different proportions were assayed, eight different LC50s were obtained. All of these LC50s were significantly higher than the expected LC50s of the mixtures. In addition, a series of bioassays were performed with late first-instar larvae of the cabbage looper and pure Cry1Ac1 and Cyt1A1 crystals, as well as two different combinations of the two toxins. The estimated mean LC50 of Cry1Ac1 was 2.46 ng/cm2 of diet, while Cyt1A1 crystals exhibited no toxicity, even at very high concentrations. The estimated mean LC50s of Cry1Ac1 crystals were 15.69 and 19.05 ng per cm2 of diet when these crystals were mixed with 100 and 1,000 ng of Cyt1A1 crystals per cm2 of diet, respectively. These results indicate that there is clear antagonism between the two toxins both in vitro and in vivo. Other joint-action analyses corroborated these results. Although this is the second report of antagonism between B. thuringiensis toxins, our evidence is the first evidence of antagonism between toxins from different subspecies of B. thuringiensis (B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki and B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis) detected both in vivo and in vitro. Some possible explanations for this relationship are discussed.     

Generation of 'humanized' hCYP1A1_1A2_Cyp1a1/1a2(-/-) mouse line

Human/rodent CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 orthologs are well known to exhibit species-specific differences in substrate preferences and rates of metabolism. This lab previously characterized a BAC-transgenic mouse carrying the human CYP1A1_CYP1A2 locus; in this line, human dioxin-inducible CYP1A1 and basal vs dioxin-inducible CYP1A2 have been shown to be expressed normally (with regard to mRNAs, proteins and three enzyme activities) in every one of nine mouse tissues studied. The mouse Cyp1a1 and Cyp1a2 genes are oriented head-to-head and share a bidirectional promoter region of 13,954 bp. Using Cre recombinase and loxP sites inserted 3' of the stop codons of both genes, we show here a successful interchromosomal excision of 26,173 bp that ablated both genes on the same allele. The Cyp1a1/1a2(-) double-knockout allele was bred with the "humanized" line; the final product is the hCYP1A1_1A2_Cyp1a1/1a2(-/-) line on a theoretically >99.8% C57BL/6J genetic background-having both human genes replacing the mouse orthologs. This line will be valuable for human risk assessment studies involving any environmental toxicant or drug that is a substrate for CYP1A1 or CYP1A2.     

Isolation and Characterization of Ubiquitin-activating Enzyme E1-domain Containing 1, UBE1DC1

Ubiquitin and other ubiquitin-like proteins play important roles in post-translational modification. They are phylogenetically well-conserved in eukaryotes. Activated by other proteins, ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins can covalently modify target proteins. The enzymes responsible for the activation of this modification have been known to include UBA1, SAE2, UBA3, SAE1 and ULA1. Here we report a new ubiquitin activating enzyme like cDNA, named ubiquitin activating enzyme E1-domain containing 1 (UBE1DC1), whose cDNA is 2654 base pairs in length and contains an open reading frame encoding 404 amino acids. The UBE1DC1 gene consists of 12 exons and is located at human chromosome 3q22. The result of RT-PCR showed that UBE1DC1 is expressed in most of human tissues. These two authors contributed equally to this paper. The nucleotide sequence reported in this paper has been submitted to GenBank under accession number AY253672.