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1.
植被固碳功能是城市森林的重要生态服务之一,但是定量揭示城市森林植被固碳功能空间格局及其抵消碳排放的研究较少。基于光合速率法和生物量法测算了上海城市森林植被的固定CO2功能,并结合其空间分布格局与区域CO2排放状况对比分析了抵消能源CO2排放的成效。结果表明,2017年上海城市森林植被可固定CO2 135.57万t,约合单位面积固碳17.02 t/hm2。上海城市森林植被的固定CO2功能呈现出\"中间低、四周高\"的空间格局,崇明区和浦东新区的城市森林植被提供了近52.8%的固定CO2效益。2017年上海市能源消费的CO2排放量高达2.73亿t,且呈现出\"中间高、四周低\"空间分布特征,中心城区能源CO2排放约占11.49%。整体来看,上海城市森林植被可抵消0.50%的能源CO2排放,但植被固定CO2功能与能源CO2排放的空间匹配较差,中心城区城市森林植被的CO2抵消率仅为0.08%。因此,重点提升中心城区森林植被的固碳功能并加强海洋碳吸收功能的监测与利用尤其重要。 相似文献
2.
城市森林结构的量化研究——以沈阳树木园森林群落为例 总被引:36,自引:6,他引:36
采用遥感图像判读和野外调查相结合的方法,定量分析了沈阳树木园植物群落的物种结构及空间格局。结果表明,沈阳树木园植被的生长状况良好;物种丰富,其中黄蘖(Phellodendron amugense)、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)、榆树(Ulmus pumila)在树木株数和相对优势度上均占优势,为群落的主林木;植被在高度和胸径上的分布均表现为具有向上发展的潜力,整个植被群落正处于一个快速的生长期,属于发挥生态效益的最佳时期,沈阳树木园的树种多度与基于叶面积的相对优势度之间无明显关联,数量上占优势的树种,其相对优势度不一定很高,沈阳树木园植被树木株数与不同树高等级间的分布关系表现为上凸的曲线,随着树木高度级的增加,树木株数开始分布比较平稳,当高度超过12m后,树木株数明显减少,曲线急骤下降,树木株数分布与不同胸径等级间的关系也呈现类似的情况。 相似文献
3.
巩固和提升森林碳汇,是实现中国“碳中和”目标的重要路径之一。研究总结梳理了近10年来有关中国森林碳储量及其变化的研究文献,一方面在于探明中国森林碳汇现状和潜力以及对实现“碳中和”的贡献,同时分析当前森林碳汇计量与模拟预测研究的差距与不足,更好地支撑国家碳中和实施路径与行动方案。通过整合分析,1999—2018年间中国森林生态系统碳储量年均增长量约(208.0±44.5)TgC/a或(762.0±163.2)TgCO2-eq/a,其中生物质、死有机质和土壤有机碳库的年均增长量分别约为(168.8±42.4)TgC/a、(12.5±8.1)TgC/a和(26.7±10.9)TgC/a。此外,木质林产品和森林之外的其它林木碳储量分别增长(49.0±15.1)TgC/a和(12.0±11.1)TgC/a。预计中国乔木林生物质碳储量年变化量将从1999—2018年间的(145.9±38.3)TgC/a增长至2030—2039年间的(171.9±60.5)TgC/a,到2050—2059年间逐渐下降至(146.9±57.7)TgC/a。2050—2059年间中国森林生态系统碳... 相似文献
4.
区域碳排放量的计算——以广东省为例 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用IPCC 2006年版碳排放计算公式、经济-碳排放的动力学模型和水泥碳排放模型,提出了区域碳排量计算框架和研究方法,并以广东省为例,基于广东省社会经济统计数据、能源消费数据、水泥产量数据和森林碳汇数据,预测了广东省2008-2050年能源消费碳排放量、水泥消费量和碳排放量、森林碳汇值.结果表明:2008-2050年,广东省水泥产量及其生产过程中的碳排放量基本稳定,年碳排放量在10~15 Mt C;广东省能源消费碳排放和总的碳排放趋势均呈倒U型曲线,其峰值年份分别在2035和2036年;2008-2050年,广东省碳排放强度将持续下降,森林碳汇量呈波动式下降趋势.本文提出的区域碳排放计算框架在广东省具有可行性和合理性. 相似文献
5.
中国老工业城市能源消费碳排放的驱动力分析——以沈阳市为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
开展人为因素对区域生态环境影响作用的量化分析,是国际可持续发展领域的研究热点.本文以典型的老工业城市--沈阳市为例,基于IPCC能源消费碳排放计算方法,对1978-2009年城市能源消费碳排放进行核算,并应用基于Kaya等式和岭回归的STIRPAT模型,对影响碳排放量的人文驱动因素进行时间序列分析.结果表明: 研究期间,沈阳市碳排放变化经历了3个阶段,先缓升再略降随后快速增加,2009年的碳排放总量是1978年的46倍;人口规模是影响沈阳市碳排放量增加的主要驱动因子,碳排放量与人口数量呈同比例变化;城市化显著影响碳排放量,是仅次于人口数量的另一个主要驱动因子;人均GDP与碳排放量呈正相关关系,经济发展与碳排放之间不存在Kuznets曲线假说;能源强度降低即技术进步因素是碳排放量降低的主要因素. 相似文献
6.
碳中和愿景下,量化森林碳汇有利于制定森林碳战略和碳交易机制,提升应对气候变化的抗御力,对守卫国家生态安全、实现碳中和目标和减缓全球变暖具有重要意义。本文基于国家森林清查数据,利用生物量转换因子连续函数法和碳税法,分析黑龙江省1999—2018年森林碳储量、碳汇量及其经济价值的变化趋势,并结合GM(1,1)模型对黑龙江省乔木林的碳储量进行预测,从而得到碳达峰目标年的碳汇量和碳汇经济价值的预估值。结果表明:黑龙江森林碳储量由1999—2003年6.96×1011 kg增至2014—2018年的9.14×1011 kg。其中乔木林碳储量占黑龙江省森林碳储量的99.51%~99.65%;1999—2018年黑龙江省乔木林的碳汇量整体呈上升趋势,由2004—2008年的1.68×1010 kg·a-1增至2014—2018年的1.76×1010 kg·a-1,碳汇经济价值受汇率的变化呈下降趋势,由2004—2008年的2.06×109元·a 相似文献
7.
在全球城市化迅速推进的过程中,城市碳排放已经成为影响全球变化不可忽视的一部分,同时也成为制约城市可持续发展重要因素之一。家庭能耗碳排放是城市碳排放的一个组成部分,分析它的各种影响因素对于控制它对局域乃至全球气候变化的负面影响具有重要的意义。以厦门岛区为例,通过社会问卷设计和调查,应用数理统计方法对最终收回的340份有效问卷进行城市家庭能耗的影响因子分析,结果表明,2007年厦门岛区平均家庭能耗直接碳排放量为1218.2kg/(户.a),电力消耗直接碳排放是厦门岛区主要的家庭能耗直接碳排放方式,电力消耗直接碳排放量是瓶装液化石油气与代用天然气使用直接碳排放总量的近5倍。通过单因素方差分析与多元逐步回归方程得到,与住区自然环境与家庭耗能倾向相比,家庭社会情况是影响家庭能耗直接碳排放最为重要的因子,其对家庭能耗直接碳排放变化的解释能力为17.9%。通过主成分分析得到,家庭住宅面积对家庭能耗直接碳排放的影响最为显著,家庭住宅面积对公共因子的贡献率达到了0.829。研究旨在为城市节能减排和可持续发展提供第一手资料、为城市住区形态的合理设计和规划提供科学依据。 相似文献
8.
森林作为陆地生态系统的主体,其林分碳储量及其碳汇经济价值的估算是全球碳循环研究的热点和重要内容。基于2004-2008年和2009-2013年山东省森林资源清查数据以及实测样地数据改进的生物量蓄积量转换参数,利用生物量转换因子连续函数法,估算2004-2013年山东省森林碳储量及其碳汇经济价值动态。研究结果表明,2004-2013年山东省森林面积、碳储量和碳密度分别从2004-2008年的156.12×104hm2、34.75Tg C和22.26Mg C/hm2增加到2009-2013年161.44×104hm2、43.98Tg C和27.24Mg C/hm2。人工林是森林面积、碳储量和碳密度增加的主要贡献者,人工林和天然林对森林生物量碳汇的贡献分别为97.3%和2.7%。两次森林清查期间,杨树和硬阔软阔类森林的碳储量之和分别占全省总量的70.2%和69.6%,杨树的碳储量和碳密度增加最为显著。各龄组森林碳储量由大到小依次为:幼龄林 > 中龄林 > 成熟林 > 近熟林 > 过熟林。森林碳汇经济价值从2004-2008年的243.37亿元增长到2009-2013年的253.42亿元,年均增长2.01亿元,杨树的碳汇经济价值占全省所有森林类型的60%,赤松单位面积碳汇经济价值最强为2.08万元/ha。 相似文献
9.
碳排放是目前国内外研究的热点问题。纵观碳排放计算,关键涉及到两个环节:一是研究尺度的选择,二是评估参数(即碳排放/吸收系数)的确定。高寒牧区还必须充分考虑牲畜碳排放。以甘南州合作市为例,将研究尺度缩小到41个行政村,并采用最新的土地二调数据,对土地利用碳排放和碳汇、生活和牲畜碳排放进行了系统地测算。结果表明:(1)从土地利用的角度考察,合作市总碳排放表征为\"碳亏\"态势。总碳排放量为24374.82 t/a,其中土地利用碳排放量为4908.21 t/a,牲畜代谢碳排放量为3703.94 t/a,城乡居民生活碳排放量为15762.67 t/a。而碳汇量仅为1949.74 t/a,\"碳亏\"量为22425.08 t/a。(2)牲畜是高寒牧区呼吸碳排放的主体,其碳排量为3703.94t/a,其中牛是碳排放的主体,其碳排量占90%以上。(3)城乡居民生活碳排量为15762.67t/a,城镇明显高于农村,生存型碳排放强度高于发展型碳排放强度。(4)碳排放局分布势面与碳汇分布局势面基本呈反向分布态势,但总的碳排放格局取决于碳排放而非碳汇,空间分布表现为从城区—半农半牧区—纯牧区逐级递减的趋势。 相似文献
10.
研究城市碳循环过程并阐明能源对碳循环的影响,可为城市节能减排政策的制定和实施提供参考依据。基于城市碳循环模型核算了2005—2014年北京市的碳储量和碳通量,并通过能源碳效应指数来探讨能源对城市碳循环的影响。结果表明人为碳储量是北京市总碳储量增加的主要驱动力。北京市的碳输入主要来自水平方向,表明北京市的发展在很大程度上依赖于外部环境的物质供给;北京市的碳输出主要是能源消耗产生的垂直碳输出。能源活动相关的碳通量占北京市总碳通量的比重,即能源碳效应,在2006年高达79.46%,而后开始呈波动下降的趋势。能源对北京市碳循环影响最大的是垂直输出方向,其次是水平输入方向,因此低碳城市建设需要加强对垂直碳通量和水平碳通量的调节和管理,尤其是与能源活动相关的碳通量,与此同时,保护自然植被和增加生态用地对提高城市碳减排能力也至关重要。 相似文献
11.
Nianpeng He Ding Wen Jianxing Zhu Xuli Tang Li Xu Li Zhang Huifeng Hu Mei Huang Guirui Yu 《Global Change Biology》2017,23(4):1575-1584
Forests store a large part of the terrestrial vegetation carbon (C) and have high C sequestration potential. Here, we developed a new forest C sequestration (FCS) model based on the secondary succession theory, to estimate vegetation C sequestration capacity in China's forest vegetation. The model used the field measurement data of 3161 forest plots and three future climate scenarios. The results showed that logistic equations provided a good fit for vegetation biomass with forest age in natural and planted forests. The FCS model has been verified with forest biomass data, and model uncertainty is discussed. The increment of vegetation C storage in China's forest vegetation from 2010 to 2050 was estimated as 13.92 Pg C, while the average vegetation C sequestration rate was 0.34 Pg C yr?1 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.28–0.42 Pg C yr?1, which differed significantly between forest types. The largest contributor to the increment was deciduous broadleaf forest (37.8%), while the smallest was deciduous needleleaf forest (2.7%). The vegetation C sequestration rate might reach its maximum around 2020, although vegetation C storage increases continually. It is estimated that vegetation C sequestration might offset 6–8% of China's future emissions. Furthermore, there was a significant negative relationship between vegetation C sequestration rate and C emission rate in different provinces of China, suggesting that developed provinces might need to compensate for undeveloped provinces through C trade. Our findings will provide valuable guidelines to policymakers for designing afforestation strategies and forest C trade in China. 相似文献
12.
研究了鼎湖山南亚热带森林同一演替系列中3个不同演替阶段(马尾松针叶林、马尾松荷木混交林和季风常绿阔叶林)生态系统碳贮量和分配格局特征,并探讨了该地区森林演替过程中生态系统碳吸存潜力和速度。结果表明:(1)针叶林各组分碳素含量高于阔叶林对应组分的碳素含量(后者是前者的72.0%~94.5%)。两个森林植物碳素含量,不同层次比较,均为乔木层>灌木层>草本层,不同器官比较,以根或干最高。(2)乔木层生物量随森林演替进展而增加。针叶林、混交林和阔叶林乔木层生物量分别为:143.5t/hm2、270.1t/hm2和407.8t/hm2,其中大部分由干和皮组成(各器官占乔木层生物量的比例平均为:叶2.8%、枝19.3%、干和皮混合57.0%、根20.9%)。林下层生物量为4.23~14.10t/hm2,是乔木层的1.0%~9.8%,随森林演替进展而减少。(3)土壤容重随深度增加而增加,但随森林演替进展而减少。与土壤容重相反,土壤有机碳含量随深度增加而明显减少,但随森林演替进展而增加。(4)3种类型森林生态系统碳总贮量分别为135.8t/hm2、215.1t/hm2和259.7t/hm2。生态系统碳贮量在各组分的格局十分相似,植被、土壤和凋落物层所占比例均分别约为67.6%、30.2%和2.2%。与其它地带森林比较,鼎湖山保护区森林植被与土壤碳贮量之比和表层(0~20cm)的土壤碳占整个 相似文献
13.
“碳达峰、碳中和”是中国对世界的庄严承诺, 也是当前指导我国可持续发展的重要战略。碳排放的空间分布表明, 城市及其周边地区是最主要的碳排放区。随着我国的城市化进程不断推进, 如何有效减少城市碳排放、增加碳汇成为关系着双碳战略成效的关键问题。作为城市空间中唯一的自然碳汇, 城市绿地生态系统的固碳增汇作用日益突出。加强城市绿地的碳汇建设, 如果按照传统的人工营建思路, 只种植在当前情景下碳汇能力强的少数植物种则很可能会减少生物多样性。基于植物分配有限资源时存在权衡关系的生态学一般原理, 不仅选取当前情景下碳汇能力强的植物, 还要考虑适应环境变化、在未来环境下碳汇能力强的植物, 以及遭遇极端环境时有一定碳汇能力的植物。在此框架下, 选取恰当的植物多样性组合有望实现更好的城市绿地碳汇功能, 即环境稳定时碳汇能力更强, 环境变化时碳汇能力更稳, 出现极端事件时碳汇损失更小。具体的做法包括: (1)扩展绿地物种库信息, 纳入植物的碳减排能力、适应环境变化能力、应对极端变化能力等信息; (2)考虑植物在碳汇能力与应对气候变化能力之间的权衡关系, 将植物分成不同类型的组, 比如高碳汇低适应、低碳汇高适应; (3)根据不同城市的环境和未来气候变化特点, 因地制宜地选择恰当植物组合营建城市绿地; (4)开展城市绿地建设的全生命周期碳计量, 以近自然方式营建和管养城市绿地, 减少管护过程的碳排放。这些举措有助于实现城市绿地碳汇能力提升与生物多样性保护的双重目标。城市生态系统的结构与功能共赢, 对落实双碳战略和生态文明建设意义重大。 相似文献
14.
基于森林清查资料的江西和浙江森林植被固碳潜力 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以我国江西、浙江两省的森林植被为研究对象,基于1999-2003年间第六次全国森林清查数据及收集的1030个亚热带森林样地文献资料,依据林分生长的经验方程,估算了两个地区森林2004-2013年的固碳潜力,并基于455个样点的调查数据研究了不同森林管理措施(纯林间种、间伐、施肥)对森林未来固碳潜力的影响.结果表明:第六次森林清查以来的10年(2004-2013)间,江西森林植被年均自然固碳潜力约11.37 Tg C·a-1(1Tg=1012g),而浙江省森林植被年均自然固碳潜力约4.34 Tg C·a-1.纯林间种对江西、浙江两省森林植被固碳潜力影响最大,其次为间伐抚育,施肥的影响最小,纯林间种、间伐和施肥3种森林管理措施使江西省森林植被固碳潜力分别提高(6.54±3.9)、(3.81±2.02)和(2.35±0.6) Tg C·a-1,浙江省森林植被固碳潜力分别提高(2.64±1.28)、(1.42±0.69)和(1.15±0.29) Tg C·a-1. 相似文献
15.
森林具有类型多样、结构复杂以及随环境变化等特征,1 m深森林土壤储存的碳约占全球森林生态系统总碳储量的45%,约占全球土壤碳库的52%。目前对森林土壤固碳潜力和关键过程机制的认识还十分有限。因此,森林土壤储碳与增汇的估算仍存在很大不确定性。研究梳理了森林土壤有机碳(SOC)储量、密度、含量、增量、固定和碳汇等术语定义;综述了SOC稳定性的机制,包括化学结构稳定性、团聚体物理保护、金属氧化物和粘土矿物吸附,生物与环境主导有机碳稳定固持,以及最新研究相继提出的森林SOC组分多样性及功能复杂性维持碳稳定的学术观点。研究还分析了森林SOC储量和增量不同测定方法的主要原理、优点和不足。根据已有文献数据分析,全球森林1 m 深SOC储量变化范围为383-787 Pg C(Pg=1015g),年变化范围为每年降低349 Tg C(Tg=1012g)到每年增加498 Tg C。中国森林1 m深 SOC储量评估范围为16.0-34.2 Pg C,年变化范围为每年降低64.5 Tg C到增加217.3 Tg C。说明目前对森林SOC储量和增量的估算还存在很大不确定性。最新研究表明全球森林碳容量和固碳潜力巨大,但不同研究对SOC是否存在上限仍具不同观点,气候变化对森林SOC储量及其持续固碳潜力的影响也存在较大的不确定性。未来建议通过学科交叉深入探索森林群落结构与土壤固碳过程之间的联系,从碳组分多样性和功能复杂性的新视角理解森林SOC的形成与稳定机制;将SOC监测纳入国家森林资源清查体系、建立国家尺度的SOC长期监测网络、设立我国森林SOC增汇大科学计划;提出保持SOC稳定固持的天然林保护修复及经营提升途径;建立培育高固碳树种,优化林分结构,合理采伐以及轮伐期延长等人工林土壤固碳增汇经营技术体系。 相似文献
16.
《植物生态学报》2016,40(4):374
Aims
Our objective was to explore the vegetation carbon storages and their variations in the broad-leaved forests in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau that includes Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region.
Methods
Based on forest resource inventory data and field sampling, this paper studied the carbon storage, its sequestration rate, and the potentials in the broad-leaved forests in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.
Important findings
The vegetation carbon storage in the broad-leaved forest accounted for 310.70 Tg in 2011, with the highest value in the broad-leaved mixed forest and the lowest in Populus forest among the six broad-leaved forests that include Quercus, Betula, Populus, other hard broad-leaved species, other soft broad-leaved species, and the broadleaved mixed forest. The carbon density of the broad-leaved forest was 89.04 Mg·hm-2, with the highest value in other hard broad-leaved species forest and the lowest in other soft broad-leaved species forest. The carbon storage and carbon density in different layers of the forests followed a sequence of overstory layer > understory layer > litter layer > grass layer > dead wood layer, which all increased with forest age. In addition, the carbon storage of broad-leaved forest increased from 304.26 Tg in 2001 to 310.70 Tg in 2011. The mean annual carbon sequestration and its rate were 0.64 Tg·a-1 and 0.19 Mg·hm-2·a-1, respectively. The maximum and minimum of the carbon sequestration rate were respectively found in other soft broad-leaved species forest and other hard broad-leaved species forest, with the highest value in the mature forest and the lowest in the young forest. Moreover, the carbon sequestration potential in the tree layer of broad-leaved forest reached 19.09 Mg·hm-2 in 2011, with the highest value found in Quercus forest and the lowest in Betula forest. The carbon storage increased gradually during three inventory periods, indicating that the broad-leaved forest was well protected to maintain a healthy growth by the forest protection project of Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region. 相似文献
Our objective was to explore the vegetation carbon storages and their variations in the broad-leaved forests in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau that includes Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region.
Methods
Based on forest resource inventory data and field sampling, this paper studied the carbon storage, its sequestration rate, and the potentials in the broad-leaved forests in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.
Important findings
The vegetation carbon storage in the broad-leaved forest accounted for 310.70 Tg in 2011, with the highest value in the broad-leaved mixed forest and the lowest in Populus forest among the six broad-leaved forests that include Quercus, Betula, Populus, other hard broad-leaved species, other soft broad-leaved species, and the broadleaved mixed forest. The carbon density of the broad-leaved forest was 89.04 Mg·hm-2, with the highest value in other hard broad-leaved species forest and the lowest in other soft broad-leaved species forest. The carbon storage and carbon density in different layers of the forests followed a sequence of overstory layer > understory layer > litter layer > grass layer > dead wood layer, which all increased with forest age. In addition, the carbon storage of broad-leaved forest increased from 304.26 Tg in 2001 to 310.70 Tg in 2011. The mean annual carbon sequestration and its rate were 0.64 Tg·a-1 and 0.19 Mg·hm-2·a-1, respectively. The maximum and minimum of the carbon sequestration rate were respectively found in other soft broad-leaved species forest and other hard broad-leaved species forest, with the highest value in the mature forest and the lowest in the young forest. Moreover, the carbon sequestration potential in the tree layer of broad-leaved forest reached 19.09 Mg·hm-2 in 2011, with the highest value found in Quercus forest and the lowest in Betula forest. The carbon storage increased gradually during three inventory periods, indicating that the broad-leaved forest was well protected to maintain a healthy growth by the forest protection project of Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region. 相似文献
17.
为明晰青藏高原高寒区阔叶林植被碳储量现状及其动态变化特征, 利用森林资源清查数据和标准样地实测数据, 估算了青藏高原高寒区(青海和西藏两省区)阔叶林植被的碳储量、固碳速率和固碳潜力。结果表明: 2011年青藏高原高寒区阔叶林植被碳储量为310.70 Tg, 碳密度为89.04 Mg·hm-2。六类阔叶林型(栎(Quercus)林、桦木(Betula)林、杨树(Populus)林、其他硬阔林、其他软阔林和阔叶混交林)中, 阔叶混交林的碳储量最大, 杨树林碳储量最小; 其他硬阔林碳密度最大, 其他软阔林碳密度最小。空间分配上碳储量和碳密度表现为: 乔木层>灌木层>凋落物层>草本层>枯死木层。不同龄级碳储量和碳密度总体表现为随林龄增加逐渐增大的趋势。阔叶林碳储量从2001年的304.26 Tg增加到2011年的310.70 Tg, 平均年固碳量为0.64 Tg·a-1, 固碳速率为0.19 Mg·hm-2·a-1。不同林型固碳速率表现为其他软阔林最大, 其他硬阔林最小; 不同龄级表现为成熟林最大, 幼龄林最小。阔叶林乔木层固碳潜力为19.09 Mg·hm-2, 且不同林型固碳潜力表现为栎林最大, 桦树林最小。三次调查期间阔叶林碳储量逐渐增加, 主要原因是近年来森林保护工程的开展使阔叶林生长健康良好。 相似文献
18.
《植物生态学报》2016,40(4):304
Aims
Carbon sequestration is the basic function and most primary service of forest ecosystems, and plays a vital role in mitigating the global climate change. However, carbon storage and allocation in forest ecosystems have been less studied at regional scales than at forest stand levels, and the results are subject to uncertainty due to inconsistent methodologies. In this study we aim to obtain relatively accurate estimates of forest carbon stocks and sequestration rate at a provincial scale (regional) based on plot surveys of plants and soils.
Methods
In consideration of the areas and distributions of major forest types, 212 sampling plots, covering different age classes and origins (natural forests vs. planted forests), were surveyed in Gansu Province in northern China. Field investigations were conducted for vegetation layers (trees, shrubs, herbs and litter), soil profiles, and sampling of both plant materials and soils for laboratory analyses. Regional carbon stocks were calculated by up-scaling the carbon densities of all forest types with their corresponding areas. Carbon sequestration rate was estimated by referencing the reports of national forest inventory data for different periods.
Important findings Forest carbon stocks at the provincial scale were estimated at 612.43 Tg C, including 179.04 Tg C in biomass and 433.39 Tg C in soil organic materials. Specifically, natural forests stored 501.42 Tg C, approximately 4.52 times than that of the plantations. Biomass carbon density in both natural forests and plantations showed an increasing trend with stand age classes, and was greater in natural forests than in plantations within the same age classes. Soil carbon density also increased with stand age classes in natural forests, but the highest value occurred at the pre-mature stage in plantations. The weighted average of regional biomass carbon density was at 72.43 Mg C·hm-2, with the average value of 90.52 Mg C·hm-2 in natural forests and 33.79 Mg C·hm-2 in plantations, respectively. In 1996, vegetation stored 132.47 Tg C in natural forests and 12.81 Tg C in plantations, respectively, and the values increased to 152.41 and 26.63 Tg C in 2011, with the mean carbon sequestration rates of 1.33 and 0.92 Tg C·a-1. Given that young and middle-aged forests account for a large proportion (62.28%) of the total forest areas, the region is expected to have substantial potential of carbon sequestration. 相似文献
Carbon sequestration is the basic function and most primary service of forest ecosystems, and plays a vital role in mitigating the global climate change. However, carbon storage and allocation in forest ecosystems have been less studied at regional scales than at forest stand levels, and the results are subject to uncertainty due to inconsistent methodologies. In this study we aim to obtain relatively accurate estimates of forest carbon stocks and sequestration rate at a provincial scale (regional) based on plot surveys of plants and soils.
Methods
In consideration of the areas and distributions of major forest types, 212 sampling plots, covering different age classes and origins (natural forests vs. planted forests), were surveyed in Gansu Province in northern China. Field investigations were conducted for vegetation layers (trees, shrubs, herbs and litter), soil profiles, and sampling of both plant materials and soils for laboratory analyses. Regional carbon stocks were calculated by up-scaling the carbon densities of all forest types with their corresponding areas. Carbon sequestration rate was estimated by referencing the reports of national forest inventory data for different periods.
Important findings Forest carbon stocks at the provincial scale were estimated at 612.43 Tg C, including 179.04 Tg C in biomass and 433.39 Tg C in soil organic materials. Specifically, natural forests stored 501.42 Tg C, approximately 4.52 times than that of the plantations. Biomass carbon density in both natural forests and plantations showed an increasing trend with stand age classes, and was greater in natural forests than in plantations within the same age classes. Soil carbon density also increased with stand age classes in natural forests, but the highest value occurred at the pre-mature stage in plantations. The weighted average of regional biomass carbon density was at 72.43 Mg C·hm-2, with the average value of 90.52 Mg C·hm-2 in natural forests and 33.79 Mg C·hm-2 in plantations, respectively. In 1996, vegetation stored 132.47 Tg C in natural forests and 12.81 Tg C in plantations, respectively, and the values increased to 152.41 and 26.63 Tg C in 2011, with the mean carbon sequestration rates of 1.33 and 0.92 Tg C·a-1. Given that young and middle-aged forests account for a large proportion (62.28%) of the total forest areas, the region is expected to have substantial potential of carbon sequestration. 相似文献
19.
城市树木的固碳能力是决定城市绿地碳汇大小的重要因素。为探究上海常见树种单株固碳能力的差异及影响因子,使用174个城市森林固定样地的长期观测数据,估算了香樟、水杉、银杏和雪松四个树种的单株固碳能力(即年固碳量),采用多元线性回归模型分析了各树种单株固碳能力与个体大小、植株密度和城市环境因子(温度、降水量和夜间灯光强度)的关系。结果表明:(1)香樟、水杉、银杏和雪松的单株固碳能力分别介于4.01-51.58 kg/a、1.04-13.47 kg/a、0.62-18.56 kg/a和1.48-8.47 kg/a之间,在各径组中香樟的固碳能力均显著高于其他树种。(2)个体大小是决定单株固碳能力的最主要因子,个体越大(胸径0-50 cm范围内)单株固碳能力越大;植株密度越大,香樟和水杉的单株固碳能力越小,银杏的单株固碳能力越大。(3)城市环境因子中,温度对树木单株固碳能力有显著负向影响,而降水量和夜间灯光强度对树木单株固碳能力的影响因树种而异。其中香樟和水杉分别与降水量呈显著负相关和正相关关系,但均与夜间灯光强度呈显著正相关关系。在上海未来城市森林建设和管理中,应根据不同树种单株固碳能力的差异及其对不同环境因子的敏感性,适地适树绿化造林,提升城市森林的固碳效益。 相似文献