The role of glutamine, serum and energy factors in growth of enterocyte-like cell lines

Background: Glutamine is routinely added to most cell cultures. Glutamine has been found to be the preferential nutrient to the rapidly replicating intestinal mucosa, but whether this is a metabolic effect or due to other properties of this amino acid is not determined. To study the importance of glutamine on the growth of two enterocyte-like cell lines, the effects of depriving the media or supplementing it with glutamine were assessed in media with different serum and energy supplements. Methods: CaCo-2 and HT-29 cells were grown in serum-free medium, with fetal bovine or synthetic serum, and with or without glucose or galactose. The glutamine content was varied between 0 and 4 mM. All growth assays were performed in triplicate by counting in a hemocytometer. Results: Both cell lines were dependent of serum factors for growth, but displayed distinct requirements on glutamine supplementation. Glutamine was an obligate supplement with dose-dependent correlation to growth (r=0.87, p<0.01) for CaCo-2 cells cultured in synthetic, but not in fetal bovine serum. In HT-29 cells, the correlation between glutamine and growth was significant (r=0,68, p<0,05) only in fetal bovine serum in the absence of galactose. Conclusion: This study shows that glutamine has different growth stimulating effects on two enterocyte-like cell lines studied. This could reflect different modes of action of glutamine on proliferation and differentiation in an enterocyte cell population.     

银杏内酯B 诱导大鼠骨髓间充质细胞分化为神经元样细胞的电生理研究

目的:研究银杏内酯B(GB)诱导大鼠骨髓间充质细胞(MSCs)分化为神经元样细胞的电生理特性。方法:应用膜片钳技术,采用全细胞记录方式,对由GB诱导的大鼠MSCs进行诱导前后的电生理功能测定。结果:分化后的神经元样细胞较诱导前细胞的膜特性有了显著改变(P<0.05)。结论:大鼠MSCs经过GB诱导能够向功能性神经元方向分化。     

Single-cell analysis of the developing human testis reveals somatic niche cell specification and fetal germline stem cell establishment

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Deceleration of the cell cycle underpins a switch from proliferative to terminal divisions in plant stomatal lineage

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Transcriptional and chromatin-based partitioning mechanisms uncouple protein scaling from cell size

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Tracing cell-type evolution by cross-species comparison of cell atlases

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A novel G1 checkpoint mediated by the p57 CDK inhibitor and p38 SAPK promotes cell survival upon stress

Comment on: Joaquin M, et al. EMBO J 2012; 31:2952-64.     

Cell protrusions and contractions generate long-range membrane tension propagation

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Auxin Signaling-Mediated Apoplastic pH Modification Functions in Petal Conical Cell Shaping

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The Dynamic Transcriptional Cell Atlas of Testis Development during Human Puberty

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mirRNA-17-5p抑制物对骨肉瘤细胞系SOSP_9607增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨miR-17-5p抑制物对于骨肉瘤细胞系SOSP_9607细胞增殖和凋亡的影响.方法:四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法测定细胞增殖,进一步计算抑制率,流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡.将SOSP_9607细胞分为对照组和实验组,对照组分为阴性对照和正常细胞对照组.实验组采用miR-17-5p抑制物(hsa-miR-17-5p inhibitors)抑制SOSP_9607细胞内miR-17-5p的活性.结果:与对照组相比,实验组显著抑制SOSP_9607细胞的增殖,有明显的剂量依赖性(P<0.01).随着浓度从50 nmol/L逐渐增加至200 nmol/L,抑制率逐渐增高(P<0.01).实验组凋亡率(9.6±1.8)%与阴性对照组凋亡率(3.5±0.4)%相比明显增高(P<0.01).结论:miR-17-5p抑制物通过抑制SOSP_9607细胞中miR-17-5p的活性对SOSP_9607细胞的增殖和凋亡发挥重要作用.     

Generation of Functional Organs Using a Cell-Competitive Niche in Intra- and Inter-species Rodent Chimeras

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In vitro reconstitution of the whole male germ-cell development from mouse pluripotent stem cells

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Excitatory granule neuron precursors orchestrate laminar localization and differentiation of cerebellar inhibitory interneuron subtypes

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Cell Sorting in Hydra vulgaris Arises from Differing Capacities for Epithelialization between Cell Types

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Primordial germ cell-somatic cell partnership: a balancing cell signaling act

Recent studies demonstrate that the normal progression of the germ cell lineage during gonadogenesis involves a delicate balance of primordial germ cell survival and death factors generated by surrounding somatic cells. This balance operates in a different fashion in females and males. The fine tuning primordial germ cell specification in the wall of the yolk sac, migration through the hindgut and dorsal mesentery, and colonization in the urogenital ridges involves the temporal and spatial activation of the following signaling pathways: Primordial germ cell specification involves bone morphogenetic proteins 2, 4 and 8b, and their migration is facilitated by the c-kit receptor-ligand duet. When colonization occurs: (1) neuregulin-beta ligand is expressed and binds to an ErbB2-ErbB3 receptor tyrosine kinase heterodimer on primordial germ cells; (2) Vasa, an ortholog of the Drosophila gene vasa, member of an ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp)-box family protein is also expressed by primordial germ cells; (3) Bcl-x (cell survival factor) and Bax (cell death factor) join forces to modulate the first burst of primordial germ cell apoptosis; (4) Cadherins, integrins, and disintegrins bring together primordial germ cells and somatic cells to organize testis and ovary. Information on other inducers of primordial cell survival, such as TER (teratoma) factor, is beginning to emerge.     

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Directs Stem Cell Polarity via Regulation of Mitofusin

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Unconventional Cell Division Cycles from Marine-Derived Yeasts

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Specification of human germ cell fate with enhanced progression capability supported by hindgut organoids

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