Koršikovella vaucheriae n.g. n.sp. (Protococcineae) und ihre Entwicklung

Zusammenfassung Die hier beschriebene neue einzellige Alge, Vertreter der Unterklasse Protococcineae, lebt als Parasit in Vaucheria dichotoma. Der infizierte Teil des Vaucheria-Fadens trennt sich durch Zellwände ab, wodurch die Infektion lokalisiert wird. Die ungeschlechtliche Fortpflanzung geschieht durch Teilung der Mutterzelle in vier Tochterzellen. Die Anhäufung der Parasiten im infizierten Fadenabschnitt führt allmählich zu dessen Absterben. Damit hört zugleich auch die ungeschlechtliche Fortpflanzung des Parasiten auf und beginnt seine geschlechtliche Fortpflanzung, welche mit der Ausbildung von Dauerstadien (Zygosporen) endet. Bei der geschlechtlichen Fortpflanzung entwickeln sich zwei Kategorien von Gameten: kugelige und längliche. Die kugeligen Gameten — welche sich zeitlich vor der länglichen entwickeln — kopulieren unter sich, indem sie eine sehr schwache Reaktion aufweisen. Die länglichen Gameten funktionieren nur als Mikrogameten; sie kopulieren mit kugeligen Makrogameten (vermutlich übriggebliebene Gameten der ersten Kategorie), indem sie dabei eine sehr starke Reaktion zu ihnen zeigen.     

Beyrichosteus radiatus n. g., n. sp., ein brachythoraker Arthrodire mit vollständig verknöchertem Endokranium aus dem höheren Mittel-Devon (Givetium) der Eifel

A completely perichondrally ossified endocranium of a generalized reprsentative of the Eubrachythoraci,Beyrichosteus radiatus n. g., n. sp., is described. The specimen shows a typical platybasie skull with widely separated nasal capsules like that of the mainly Early Devonian Dolichothoraci. This is contrary to the spezialized generaTapinosteus andPholidosteus from Wildungen, being previously often regarded as model for the endocranium of coccosteomorph arthrodires. However, characters of the orbit and the nasal capsule are more similar to other Eubrachythoraci than to those of Dolichothoraci and primitive Brachythoraci. Until now, there are not enough other examples of sufficiently preserved endocrania of brachythoracid arthrodires known for a phylogenetic analysis. Nevertheless, the observations made onBeyrichosteus are questioning the assignment of the Pholidosteidae to the Coccosteomorphi.     

On Artigasia horridospina n.sp., Longior semialata n.sp., Mentecle magnifica n.sp., Paraxyo ensicrinatus n.sp. (Oxyurida: Hystrignathidae) and Pulchrocephala? pulchrocephala Travassos, 1925 (Oxyurida: Pulchrocephalidae)

Summary Four new species of hystrignathid nematodes are described from the midgut caeca of Passalus unicornus (Coleoptera: Passalidae) from St. Lucia, West Indies. Artigasia horridospina n.sp. is differentiated from A. dispar van Waerebeke, 1973 by virtue of fewer rows of spines in the oesophageal region and in possessing lateral alae, and from A. insignia Travassos & Kloss, 1958 in the extent of the oesophageal spiens and in having the lateral alae commence more anteriorly. The first annule is also much shallower than that of A. insignia. Longior semialata n.sp. is differentiated from L. longicollis Travassos & Kloss, 1958 on body length, b ratio, egg size and the starting point of the lateral alae. Mentecle magnifica n.sp. differs from M. parvus Travassos & Kloss, 1958 in having the spines of the oesophageal region extending much further down the body and in having ridged eggs. It is also longer and relatively thinner. Paraxyo ensicrinatus n.sp. differs from P. monodelpho Travassos & Kloss, 1958 in having a proportionately longer tail. The spines in the oesophageal region also extend considerably further posteriorly than in P. monodelpho.Two types of male associated with the above nematodes are described and illustrated, but not assigned to females. Pulchrocephala? pulchrocephala Travassos, 1925 is redescribed from the gut of the mole-cricket Scapteriscus vicinus.Scanning electron micrographs of four of the described species are given and briefly discussed. ac]19801024     

ÜberRiccia Baumgartneri n. sp. und die mit dieser nächstverwandten Formen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Syllis onkylochaeta sp. n., ein korallenfressender Polychaet (Syllidae) aus dem Korallenaquarium des Löbbecke-Museums

A new species of the genusSyllis is described feeding on a colony of corals of the genusXenia (Xeniidae, Alcyonaria) in the coral aquarium of the Löbbecke Museum Düsseldorf. The origin of the corals is very probably Bali (Indonesia).     

Bartolius pierrei n. g., n. sp. (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) from the Península Valdés, Argentina

Bartolius pierrei n. g., n. sp. (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) is described from metacercariae and naturally and cultivated obtained adults from southern Argentina. The second intermediate host is Darina solenoides (King) (Bivalvia: Mactridae) and the definitive host is Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein (Aves: Laridae). The diagnostic characters are as follows: Body small, oval. Oral sucker without lateral projections, twice size of ventral sucker (except in young metacercariae). Caeca short (in adults), without dorsal diverticula. Ventral sucker in posterior third of body. Ventral pit absent. Seminal vesicle bipartite. Ovary post-testicular. Vitelline glands paired, compact, close to ventral sucker. Uterus in fore- and hindbody. Genital atrium tubular. Genital pore inconspicuous, close to anterior margin of ventral sucker. Excretory vesicle Y-shaped with very short stem. Excretory formula: 2[(2+2)+(2+2)]=16. Bartolius is distinguished from other genera of the Gymnophallidae by the post-testicular position of the ovary.     

“Palmoxylon Tyrrhenicum„ Chiar. n. sp., E “Palmoxylon Lacunosum„ (UNG.) Felix Nuovo Elemento Paleoxilologico Sahariano Della Sardegna

Riassunto

L'A. indica la larga conferma che ebbero le sue esperienze fondamentali sulla propagazione dello stimolo ormonica nelle Mimose. Anche l'estensione di questa, in base all'odierna teoria del movimento dell'acqua nelle piante coi fili d'acqua vasali in tensione, sviluppata dall'A. giì nel 1916 e appoggiata da esperienze delle quali nel 1926 aveva dato un cenno preventivo — ha ricevuto ora (1935) la definitiva conferma da parte di Houwink. Sono esposte dettagliatamente le dette esperienze ed anche altre inedite nello stesso senso.

Un altro tipo di propagazione dello stimolo è stato messo in evidenza da ricercatori (Bose, Snow, Ball, Umrath, Houwink; da noi vi si collegherebbe Montemartini). Vengono riferite dettagliatamente esperienze relative inedite dell'autore. É accolta l'ipotesi che si tratti di « propagazione nervosa », senza però vedere nelle Mimose veramente dei nervi: vi avrebbe parte una condizione generale di polarizzazione cellulare. Ma se anche la propagazione nervosa è pi[ugrave] rapida essa viene arrestata da un pulvino, quindi una conduzione dello stimolo nelle varie parti, anche di una unica foglia, è solo possibile coll'intervento dell'ormone — che al di là di un pulvino potrebbe pure suscitare ex novo l'altra propagazione.

In ultimo, secondo le rice di Houwink, i casi particolari della pi[ugrave] rapida conduzione dello stimolo nella M. pudica non sono nervosi. Si tratterebbe della trasmissione di un effetto meccanico nelle turgide cellule tubulose di Haberandt.     

Buschmannia roeringi n. gen., n. sp. (Archaeocyatha) aus der Nama-Gruppe Südwestafrikas

From the Buschmann-Klippe-Formation, mainly considered as Late Precambrian in age until now, the ArchaeocyathaBuschmannia roeringi, n. gen., n. sp. is described. Based on this discovery, an Early Cambrian age for the Nama-group is assumed.     

Rhenanoperca minuta nov. gen., nov. sp., ein neuer Percoide (Pisces,Perciformes) aus der Messel-Formation (Mittel-Eozän,Unteres Geiseltalium)

A new genus and species of percoid fishes (Pisces, Perciformes) from the Middle-Eocene Messel-Formation is introduced and delimitated from other palaeogene percoids. A preliminary diagnosis is proposed. As the relationships of this new taxon still remain somewhat imprecise, it is provisionally classified as “Percoidei incertae familiae”.     

Dianthus membranaceus n. sp. e sect. „Carthusiani Boiss.“

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Septocea n. g. (Bryozoa cyclostomata), ein neues Kreide-Bryozoen-Genus von Rügen und Maastricht

Septocea septifera n.g. n.sp. (Family Semiceidae Buge) is a very strange free-walled cyclostome bryozoan species of Maastrichtian age with regard to its apertural morphogenesis. The zoarium is erect, eschariform, without heteromorphs, the aperturae lack ringlinke peristoms and are subdivided by vertical septa. The septa are recognized as extern walls of axially budded immature zooecia in the interior of the living chamber. The oval to triangular apertura is subdivided by the septa into one larger and one or two smaller openings. The evidence that axial intrazooecial budding also exists in other, not closely related taxa, proves that these structures are convergent. Their morphogenesis, systematic value and the taxonomic status of the Family Semiceidae are discussed.     

Pachnobium dreuxi n. g., n. sp., ses occurrences modernes et fossiles sur l’archipel Crozet (Coléoptère Curculionidae Ectemnorrhininae)

Pachnobium dreuxi, nouvelle espèce et nouveau genre de Curculionidae Ectemnorrhininae des îles Crozet, dans l’Océan Indien sud, a été découvert sous forme fossile dans une séquence sédimentaire holocène. Deux spécimens modernes ont ensuite été trouvés parmi le matériel conservé au Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de Paris. Il diffère très nettement de toutes les autres espèces connues de la sous-famille par son rostre profondément émarginé au sommet, sa tête massive, sa sclérotinisation réduite, ses tibias antérieurs droits et aplatis, etc. Sa biologie et son écologie sont presque entièrement inconnues, bien que certains aspects de sa morphologie comme sa faible sclérotinisation et ses yeux relativement petits soient en faveur d’une vie cachée, voire hypogée, par exemple dans la litière végétale ou dans les nids de pétrels. Les reconstructions paléoenvironnementales suggèrent qu’il fréquente des habitats à végétation dense. L’absence de captures modernes à l’île de la Possession pose la question de sa présence actuelle dans cette localité.     

Eolimna martinii n. gen., n. sp. (Bacillariophyceae) aus dem Unter-Oligozän von Sieblos/Rhön im Vergleich mit ähnlichen rezenten Taxa

The laminated sediments of the Lower Oligocene ‘Sieblos-Schichten’ (dysodile and kieselgur-sediments) contain many individuals of a naviculoid diatom species. Formerly this group of diatoms would have been classified without doubt as Navicula (section ‘Minusculae’). After splitting this extremely heterogeneous genus in Navicula sensu stricto and some other homogeneous genera, the pattern of structures of this fossil species does not correspond to any established genus. For that reason this form will be described as the generotype of a new genus Eolimna. Furthermore it became evident that some Recent species (assigned to Navicula) show the same pattern of structures as the new genus Eolimna (generotype: E. martinii) which represents one of the first naviculoid diatoms of limnic origin. The essential criteria of this genus are: comparatively small cells with narrow girdle; simple alveolated rib system; areolae with a hymen in approximately medium position between relatively large sized foramina outside and inside of the valve; a single row of more or less irregular arranged areolae in close position to each other, on one or several of the copulae. The differences to supposed related genera are discussed.     

Ouzocerus gracilis n.g., n.sp., Bovidae (Artiodactyla,Mammalia) du Vallésien (Miocène supérieur) de Macédoine (Grèce)

A new antilope, Ouzocerus gracilis n.g., n.sp., isdescribed from a late Miocene layer from Northern Greece. It is known from an incomplete skull, jaws and limb bones. A comparison with other spiral horned antilopes shows it has some affinities with Protragelaphus but it is clearly different. Its known geographic area extends from Greece to Iran.     

Euzkadiella erenoensis n. gen. n. sp. ein stromatopore mit spikulärem skelett aus dem oberapt von ereño (prov. guipuzcoa,nordspanien) und die systematische stellung der stromatoporen

Euzkadiella erenoensis n. gen. n. sp. from the Early Cretaceous of Ereño (Prov. Guipuzcoa, northern Spain) is the first known »stromatoporoid« with a spicular skeleton and a basal skeleton consisting of calcific spherulites. The stromatoporoid sponge shows subtylostyle, oxea and strongyle megascleres. Microscleres are unknown. The sclere arrangement appears as disorganized bundles connected by horizontal sclere bridges. This sclere arrangement is characteristic of the order Haplosclerida (Class Demospongiae, Subclass Ceractinomorpha). The new species is compared with the modern coralline spongesCalcifibrospongia andAstrosclera, and with the Mesozoic stromatoporoids of the families Milleporellidae and Actinostromariidae. In both subclasses of the Demospongiae and within the Class Calcarea stromatoporoid basal skeletons are observed. Therefore the subclass Stromatoporoidea does not exist as a true systematic unit.     

Sawadalepis prima n. g., n. sp. (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) from the Schreiber’s bent-winged bat Miniopterus schreibersii Kuhl (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from China

Sawadalepis n. g. is erected for Sawadalepis prima n. sp. in Schreiber’s bent-winged bat Miniopterus schreibersii Kuhl (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from southern China. Diagnostic features of the currently monotypic genus include attributes of the osmoregulatory system and female genital organs. The dorsal osmoregulatory canals are shifted bilaterally towards the margins of proglottides in relation to the ventral canals. The genital pores are unilateral and sinistral. Among female attributes, the copulatory part of the vagina is covered externally by a dense layer of intensely stained cells; the conductive part of the vagina is clearly distinguishable from the seminal receptacle; the uterus has ventral and dorsal diverticula, extending bilaterally beyond the longitudinal osmoregulatory canals; and the eggs are spherical with thick outer coat.