通过乙型肝炎病毒核心基因5''''端的修饰使核心抗原在大肠杆菌中高效表达

为了使乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达,本文首次采用一种新方法对核心基因前区进行改造与修饰,即用限制性内切酶Taq I从核心基因内部5′端切开,去除核心基因起始信号ATG及ATG 5′端上游的全部前核心区(Precore),再化学合成一段既包含核心基因起始信号又具有多种功能的DNA片段。将两者拼接重组到表达载体pUC9上,转化受体菌,成功地获得高效表达HBcAg的菌株。用ELISA法检测,表达滴度为1:80000。表达产量占菌体总蛋白的16％。其菌体裂解液经免疫电镜观察,可见到成堆聚集的典型HBcAg颗粒。抗原单体分子量约为22000道尔顿,双体为44000。与目前国内外所普遍采用的方法比较,本文的方法有许多明显的优点,可用于其它基因改造。     

重组痘苗病毒表达乙肝核心抗原基因的研究

pMM2066质粒EcoR I酶切回收ATG前只有12bp的乙肝核心抗原基因片段,将此基因片段插入痘苗转移载体pGJP-5的P7．5启动子后,组建成P5-C2066质粒,通过细胞内同源重组技术,于BudR存在条件下用人TK-143细胞筛选出三株能表达HBcAg的重组痘苗病毒株。感染细胞上清液1：64稀释时仍能用ELISA法测到HBcAg活性,同时也能测到滴度相近的HBeAg活性。免疫电镜可见平均为26．6nm的HBcAg颗粒。进行了不同量的重组痘苗病毒感染不同细胞,和不同培养温度对HBcAg表达影响的观察。     

大肠杆菌合成的乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)转化为e抗原(HBeAg)的探索

本文以带有HBcAg基因重组质粒的大肠杆菌转化株Ecoli MM206所合成的HBcAg进行HBcAg转化为HBeAg的探索研究。菌经超声破碎获得的菌裂解液对生理盐水透析两天后,酶联检测发现抗原性部分转化为HBeAg。将菌裂解液或HBcAg精制品用2-巯基乙醇处理,可使抗原性发生进一步转化。但是分子筛层析证明抗原蛋白分子大小没有明显变化。这种制品有可能作为诊断试剂用以检测抗-HBe,而且实验结果表明HBeAg是由HBeAg衍变来的。为要提高HBeAg的稳定性,以碘乙酰胺处理,使还原的抗原蛋白通过羧甲基化反应封闭游离的巯基。经上述处理的HBeAg通过分子筛层析可与大部分细菌杂蛋白分开,制品只有HBeAg活性而测不到HBeAg活性,因而提高了抗原蛋白的稳定性与纯度。     

一株将甜菊苷转化为甜茶甙的细菌鉴定及转化特性

摘要：【目的】筛选一株对甜菊苷具有特异转化性能的细菌,并对该菌及转化产物进行鉴定,探讨转化酶及酶对甜菊苷的转化特性。【方法】通过16S rDNA序列分析,构建该菌系统进化树,结合菌体形态及菌落特征,确立该菌系统发育学地位。通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）及液质联用（LC－MS）法检测并鉴定转化产物。用菌液直接对甜菊苷进行转化以研究菌的转化能力。用静息细胞、胞外液和胞内液对甜菊糖分别转化法,确定转化酶与菌体的关系,并用该酶液进行转化特性研究。【结果】该菌株与黄杆菌属的16S rDNA序列相似性为99%,结合菌体     

乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)高表达质粒的构建

我们利用了外切酶剪切,人工接头平端连接等DNA重组技术将HBcAg基因片段插入乳糖启动子下游的β-半乳糖苷酶结构基因中,获得了能高效表达HBcAg的重组质粒。ELISA方法检测表明,转化的大肠杆菌每毫升培养物含一万酶联免疫反应单位。     

炭疽杆菌噬菌体裂解酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及鉴定

利用PCR方法扩增炭疽杆菌噬菌体裂解酶 (γlysin)基因 ,克隆至大肠杆菌表达载体pET2 2b中 ,经菌落PCR筛选、序列测定和酶切鉴定证实表达载体pET22b-γlysin构建成功 ,并在EscherichiacoliBL21(DE3)中获得了高表达。目的蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的40% ,5L发酵罐中的产酶水平高达 15g L。菌体经超声破碎 ,制备无细胞抽提液 ,StreamlineSP和SPHP柱层析以及SephacrylS-100凝胶过滤三步纯化 ,得到分子量为 2 7kD单一条带的目的蛋白 ,薄层扫描分析显示其纯度大于 95 %。目的蛋白的收率为19.1% ,纯化倍数为350。生物活性鉴定重组的γ噬菌体裂解酶具有特异性 :可快速裂解炭疽杆菌 ,比活为 1400u mg左右 ;而对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌及蜡样芽孢杆菌没有裂解活性。     

自诱导在精氨酸脱羧酶表达及催化中的应用

[目的]旨在探求自诱导系统在精氨酸脱羧酶表达活性及催化活性方面的可行性。[方法]采用PCR方法,从Escherichia coli BL21基因组中扩增出精氨酸脱羧酶基因spe A,构建重组菌E.coli BL21-p ET20b(+)-spe A。分别用ZYM-5052自诱导培养基和LB-IPTG诱导培养基对重组菌株进行诱导,用HPLC法测定酶活性和转化产物含量。[结果]精氨酸脱羧酶基因在大肠杆菌中得到有效表达,其相对分子量为70 k Da。采用自诱导途径表达精氨酸脱羧酶,与IPTG诱导相比,自诱导菌体OD600是其1.95倍,酶活性是其6倍。自诱导比IPTG诱导菌体转化生成胍基丁胺的含量高1.8 g/L,转化率提高12.5%。[结论]精氨酸脱羧酶基因spe A可通过自诱导获得大量表达,且表达活性及催化活性比传统IPTG诱导效果更好,该研究为重组酶的高水平表达提供了有效的方法。     

人睫状神经营养因子基因及突变体在大肠杆菌中的表达

人睫状神经营养因子（ｈｕｍａｎ ｃｉｌｉａｒｙ ｎｅｕｒｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｃ ｆａｃｔｏｒ,ｈＣＮＴＦ）ｃＤＮＡ克隆入具有ＰＬ启动子的表达载体,转化大肠杆菌ＨＢ１０１,构建成表达ｈＣＮＴＦ菌株。热诱导后,ｈＣＮＴＦ的表达量达菌体总蛋白量的２５％。用离子交换层析、凝胶过滤层析从菌体裂解液中纯化了ｈＣＮＴＦ。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥｈＣＮＴＦ的分子量约为２４ｋｄ,Ｎ端氨基酸序列分析结果与依基因核苷酸推导疗列相符。     

不同培养条件对抗a毒素ScFv基因表达的影响

将ScFv基因片段与pHOG21载体连接后,转化至受体菌XL1-Blue中,得到重组菌株XL1-Blue（pHOG2E3）。随后研究了培养基中无机盐成分、温度、诱导时间、IPTG和蔗糖浓度对SvFv基因表达的影响。经SDS-PAGE分析表明,重组菌株XL1-Blue(pHOG2E3）在LB培养基中加入0.5mmol/L IPTG和0.4mol/L蔗糖。37℃诱导6h,其目的蛋白 表达量较高,表达的ScFv蛋白主要以包含体的形式存在,分子量在31,000D,在重组菌株的培养上清和菌体裂解上清液中,通过ELISA法也检测到了ScFv的存在,且具有中和a毒素的活性。     

大肠杆菌合成的HBcAg转化为HBeAg的研究及其应用

37℃用1％β-巯基乙醇处理大肠杆菌HBcAg2小时,可使其全部转化成HBeAg。以常规ELISA方法不能检出HBcAg活性。该制品能被抗-HBe阳性血清特异中和。4℃以液体形式存放稳定,-20℃经过冻融活性下降。HBcAg转化成HBeAg后聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳行为有所改变。分别用转化的大肠杆菌HBeAg和血浆HBeAg作为酶联反应的诊断试剂,检测35份HBsAg阳性乙肝病人血清标本的抗-HBe,符合率为91.4％。同用Abbott-HBe(RIA)试剂盒测定的17份HBsAg阳性血清标本的试验结果比较,符合率为100％。说明转化的大肠杆菌HBeAg可代替血浆HBeAg作为检测抗-HBe的诊断试剂应用。     

Suitability of yeast- and Escherichia coli-expressed hepatitis B virus core antigen derivatives for detection of anti-HBc antibodies in human sera

Antibody to hepatitis B virus core antigen (anti-HBc) is one of the most important serological markers during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The quality of the hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg; diagnostic antigen) is crucial to the accuracy of anti-HBc detection. In an attempt to explore the suitability of recombinant HBcAg (rHBcAg) for diagnostic purposes, HBcAg was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) and evaluated for the detection of anti-HBc. The expression level of the recombinant protein satisfied the criteria for large-scale biologic production. P. pastoris- and E. coli-derived rHBcAg were purified with gel filtration followed by sucrose gradient (reagents A and C) or with a monoclonal anti-HBc antibody binding (reagents B and D) and were utilized to detect anti-HBc in competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) format. The ELISA using P. pastoris-derived rHBcAg had a higher specificity and sensitivity than that using E.coli-derived rHBcAg to detect the anti-HBc standard panel. Serum specimens were collected from HBV-infected patients and healthy individuals (voluntary blood donors). Anti-HBc was detected in those specimens using P. pastoris- and E. coli-derived rHBcAg. The positive rate of anti-HBc detection in HBV-infected patients' sera was 100% with reagents A and B, 96.4% with reagent C, and 93.6% with reagent D. The negative rate in healthy control sera was 100% with reagents A and B, 97.0% with reagent C, and 99.7% with reagent D. These data indicate that P. pastoris-derived rHBcAg is superior to E.coli-derived rHBcAg for the detection of anti-HBc using the diagnostic ELISA.     

Identification of a major hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) determinant by using synthetic peptides and monoclonal antibodies

To map the location of hepatitis B core and e Ag (HBcAg and HBeAg) on the hepatitis B virus core particle, we produced and analyzed four synthetic peptides which correspond to the most hydrophilic regions of the core P22 protein. Each peptide was tested in an ELISA for the ability to inhibit the binding between rHBcAg or rHBeAg and either polyclonal or monoclonal anti-HBc or anti-HBe antibodies. The former comprised 20 antisera positive for anti-HBc (anti-HBs and anti-HBe negative) and five antisera positive for anti-HBe and anti-HBc; the latter included three anti-HBc mAb developed in independent laboratories: G6F5, C51B10, and F8, as well as two anti-HBe mAb, E2 and E6. These experiments revealed the presence of a major HBcAg epitope expressed on C3, a peptide which covers amino acids 107-118 and reacted with all polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies tested. Another peptide, C2, sequence 73-85, reacted with 26% of human antisera but none of the anti-HBc mAb. None of the peptides seemed to express HBeAg activity because they do not cause any significant inhibition of the HBeAg/anti-HBe reaction. These data indicate the expression of an immunodominant HBcAg determinant on a linear dodecapeptide and argue against a strict conformation dependency of this Ag.     

HBcAg基因在甲醇型酵母中的表达、产物纯化及其性质的初步研究

为研究乙肝核心抗原蛋白(HBcAg)在甲醇型酵母(PichiaPastoris)中的表达和性质,用PCR方法将HBcAg基因(L)克隆到P.Pastoris胞内表达载体pPIC3k中,并利用电击和同源重组法,将重组质粒pPIC3kL转化感受态的甲醇型GS115酵母菌株。经过筛选得到阳性P.Pastoris重组子。重组菌株经甲醇诱导培养,表达产物的Western印迹结果表明,HBcAg蛋白能在甲醇型酵母(PichiaPastoris)中诱导表达,产物为一215kDa的蛋白。经蔗糖密度梯度超离心和CsCl密度梯度超离心纯化后,ELISA和密度测定结果表明重组HBcAg蛋白主要分布在密度为12576gml和13013gml的2个峰值处。电镜观察表明,该重组HBcAg蛋白能自主装配成大小不同的2种颗粒(即核心颗粒),大颗粒直径约34nm左右,小颗粒直径约30nm左右。同时,我们还观察到,该核心蛋白颗粒在体外可发生集聚现象。     

乙型肝炎病毒前S2抗原决定簇（HBVPreS2epitope）与乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原（HBcAg）的基因融合与表达

乙肝前Ｓ２（ＨＢＶＰｒｅＳ２）肽段由５５个氨基酸组成,其Ｎ端肽段含Ｔｈ和Ｂ细胞抗原决定簇。我们将化学合成的ＰｒｅＳ２ｅｐｉｔｏｐｅ（１２０－１４５）基因与ＨＢｃＡｇ基因不同位点进行融合,融合基因在大肠杆菌中获得表达,并对融合蛋白进行了纯化。经ＥＬＩＳＡ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ实验表明,融合蛋白具有ＰｒｅＳ２和ＨＢｃＡｇ两者的抗原性。此外,研究还表明,强启动子能使表达水平有一定提高。     

Expression of HBsAg and HBcAg in liver tissue: correlation with disease activity.

The patterns of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) expression were studied in liver biopsies taken from 41 patients with chronic HBV disease. Immunohistochemical methods were used on deparaffinized sections for the identification of HBsAg and HBcAg in liver tissue. Twenty-one of the 41 cases (51.2%) were classified as inactive liver disease and 20 (48.8%) as active liver disease. In liver biopsies with inactive disease, HBsAg demonstrated varying types of cytoplasmic expression in a rather high number of hepatocytes distributed mainly in clusters, while HBcAg was rarely expressed in liver nuclei. On the other hand, in liver biopsies with active disease HBsAg was characterized by a diffuse cytoplasmic expression in a few discrete hepatocytes, while HBcAg was expressed in the nuclei of the hepatocytes in 70% of the cases and in half of the positive cases it was also detected in the cytoplasm. In conclusion, HBsAg expression in a few scattered hepatocytes correlates with active liver disease and positive HBcAg, while varying HBsAg cytoplasmic expression in a rather high number of clustered hepatocytes is related to chronic inactive liver disease and negative expression of HBcAg.     

Detection of core antibody in hepatitis B infection.

Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) is found on the decoated Dane particle and on a morphologically similar particle detected mainly in the nucleus of hepatocytes of patients with hepatitis B. HBcAg prepared from the liver of a chimpanzee infected with hepatitis B virus was used to test human serum for core antibody (anti-HBc) by complement fixation. Anti-HBc was found in serum collected from patients with hepatitis B in both the acute and convalescent stages, from carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and from patients with chronic liver or renal disease who were carriers of HBsAg. It was not found in patients with hepatitis A or infectious mononucleosis, or in healthy persons who were not carriers of HBsAg.     

乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原及Flt3配体双表达核酸疫苗的小鼠免疫应答研究

目的 构建乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)和Flt3配体(FL)胞外段双表达核酸疫苗,并观察其免疫原性。方法 分别将HBcAg、FL基因克隆入pJW4303载体,获得双表达核酸疫苗,体外转染293T细胞检测目的基因的表达。分组免疫BABL／c小鼠,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测小鼠血清抗-HBc IgG效价,酶联免疫斑点试验(ELISPOT)检测HBcAg特异性Th1／Th2型细胞因子的分泌水平。结果 所构建疫苗在体外均能表达HBcAg和FL,当基因位于内部核糖体切入位点(IRES)元件上游时表达水平明显较优。pJW4303／C／FL免疫组产生的抗-HBc IgG效价和Th1／Th2型细胞因子的分泌水平均显著优于pJW4303／C和pJW4303／FL／C组。结论 成功构建双表达核酸疫苗,基因位于上游时表达水平高于下游。FL基因的引入明显增强了HBcAg核酸疫苗的免疫原性。     

大肠杆菌表达的乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原的某些理化特性

1979年Pasek等用大肠杆菌表达乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)成功以来,国内外也有类似的报道,但对其理化特性的报道不多。为了更有效地保存和应用此抗原,本文研究了从表达HBcAg的大肠杆菌菌液中纯化抗原的方法,以及抗原的某些特性。 HBcAg是由pHBV-1的C基因与pTL载体重组后在大肠杆菌BMH71-18内表达的,