共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
J. Ďurkovič 《Biologia Plantarum》1996,38(2):303-307
Regenerants were produced from axillary buds, but not from petiole segments, greenwood cuttings and leaf discs. Petiole segments
and greenwood cuttings responded by massive callus cell proliferation without adventitious shoot formation. The development
of induced buds into shoots occurred on WPM medium containing kinetin. Vigorous shoots larger than 2.0 cm in length were successfully
rooted in half strength WPM medium supplemented with 1.0 mg dm-3 indole-3-butyric acid. 相似文献
2.
Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm., is characteristic of productive habitats, and Festuca ovina of unproductive ones. The two species were grown at steady-state growth with either free access to all nutrients or severe nitrogen limitation. The maximum relative growth rate of the two species was similar-about 0.20 day-1. Root:shoot partitioning at nitrogen limitation differed between the species. A. sylvestris allocated less biomass to fine-roots than at free access and F. ovina allocated more. 相似文献
3.
Optimal culture conditions for high frequency plant regeneration from excised cotyledons of Tamarindus indica were established. Maximum shoot bud differentiation (100%) occurred when the adaxial surface of the entire cotyledon (excised from 12-d old seedlings) was in contact with MS medium containing 5×10–6M BAP. On MS alone only roots were formed. Shoot or root formation was confined to nodal tissue at the top of the notch present on the adaxial surface at the proximal end of the cotyledon. Thirty-four to 95 shoots were regenerated in a 4 month period from individual cotyledons. Shoots were rooted on MS with 5.7×10–6M IAA. IAA (5.7×10–7M) alone induced complete plant formation. Regenerated plants were established in the soil with 70% success.Abbreviations BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- KIN
kine-tin
- 2-iP
6-Y-Y-dimethylallyl aminopurine
- AdS
adenine sulphate
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- NAA
1-naphthalene acetic acid
- MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium 相似文献
4.
Tran Thanh Thu Tran Thi Xuan Mai Eric Dewaele Slama Farsi Yohannes Tadesse Geert Angenon Michel Jacobs 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2003,11(2):159-168
A requirement for generating transgenic pigeonpea [Cajanuscajan (L.) Millsp] plants is the development of a highly efficientin vitro regeneration procedure. This goal was achieved byusing germinated seedlings grown on B5 medium supplemented with 10 mgl–1 6-benzylaminopurine, which induced differentiatingcallus formation in the cotyledonary node region. The calli were transferred onB5 medium with 0.2 mg l–1 6-benzylaminopurine toobtain shoot induction. Elongated shoots were then further cultured on a B5hormone-free medium for rooting. Using this regeneration system transgenicpigeonpea plants were obtained both by particle bombardment andAgrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer. Thepresence of the transgenes in the pigeonpea genome was confirmed by GUS assays,PCR and Southern hybridisation. The transgenic rooted plants were successfullytransferred to soil in the greenhouse. GUS and PCR assays of T1 progeniesconfirmed that the transgenes were stably transmitted to the next generation.This is the first report of successful use ofAgrobacteriumas well as particle bombardment for production of transgenic pigeonpea plants. 相似文献
5.
Within 3 weeks of culture, excised cotyledon expiants of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze produced somatic embryos without intermediate callus when cultured in Murashige and Skoog's basal medium with 30 g–1 sucrose. In medium without plant growth regulators, up to 60% of the cultures developed somatic embryos. Embryogenic competence was reduced by increasing concentrations of plant growth regulators tested (i.e. kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine, and indole butyric acid). The somatic embryos developed, grew to maturity without being subcultured within 6–8 weeks. Secondary embryogenesis was not observed. Germination of isolated mature somatic embryos was low in medium without plant growth regulators. Up to 53% and 60% germination occurred when medium impregnated with kinetin at 1.8 mgl–1 or 1.0 mgl–1 6-benzylaminopurine were used respectively. Callus was also routinely produced when cotyledons were cultured in MS basal medium with auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and indole acetic acid). Callus induction was however, also achieved in plant growth regulator free medium. Indirect somatic embryogenesis was not induced in the present study.Abbreviations K
kinetin
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- IBA
indole butyric acid
- IAA
indole acetic acid
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- NAA
Naphthalene acetic acid
- Fe-EDTA
Ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (Ferric monosodium salt) 相似文献
6.
Summary We have produced a large number of plants regenerated from protoplasts originally isolated from embryo-derived cell suspensions of wild barley, Hordeum murinum L.. Suspensions initially allowed protoplast isolation and culture 5.5 to 9 months from the date of callus initiation. Colony formation efficiencies ranged from 1.5 to 3.0 % and from 0.1 to 1.4 % for protoplast cultures with and without nurse cells, respectively. Both nurse and non-nurse techniques allowed efficient embryogenesis and plant regeneration. More than 400 shoots/plantlets have been obtained from 6 independent experiments. Over 150 plants have been transferred to the greenhouse. Protoplasts isolated from the youngest suspensions (5.5 months old) gave rise to the largest number of plants. Protoplasts isolated from suspensions as old as 15 months were also regenerable.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- L1, L2
medium according to Lazzeri et al. 1991
- L3 medium
medium according to Jähne et al. 1991a 相似文献
7.
A. Pellegrineschi 《Plant cell reports》1997,17(2):89-95
Shoot regeneration via organogenesis was achieved from axenic cowpea [Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata L. (Walp.) Verde.] hypocotyls and cotyledons of advanced breeding lines and varieties. Cotyledons and embryos were excised
from green immature pods. The apical parts of the embryos were removed and the hypocotyls were transferred to regeneration
media. Cotyledons and hypocotyls were tested on media with gradients of several hormonal and putrescine combinations. Cowpea
cotyledons and hypocotyls exhibited a pattern of shoot formation that occurred in three distinct phases. Multiple shoots developed
within 45 days from the wounded region of the primary hypocotyl and cotyledons in different media containing a high cytokinin
concentration. The induced plant explants were then grown for 20 days in low-intensity light (10 μmol m–2 s–1) on the same medium and numerous shoot buds emerged de novo from the upper part of the hypocotyl and the wounded part of the cotyledons. These buds had no apparent vascular connection
with the parent tissues. The plant regeneration capability of this procedure was tested with several cowpea genotypes, five
of which (83D-442, 86D-1010, 93K-624, Vita 3 and Ife Brown) responded positively with shoot development and were able to form
roots and whole plants. Some somaclonal variation was observed.
Received: 14 June 1996 / Revision received: 14 December 1996 / Accepted: 25 January 1997 相似文献
8.
Beatrice A. Were Samuel Gudu Augustino O. Onkware Anders S. Carlsson Margareta Welander 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2006,85(2):235-239
The goal of this study was to develop an efficient regeneration protocol to be used for genetic transformation of sesame. Published regeneration methods using benzyladenine (BA) and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were unsuccessful for the cultivars used herein. Experiments were carried out using cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from the cultivar Mtwara-2. Later the optimised culture conditions were used to investigate the regeneration response of different genotypes. There was significant interaction between hormone treatments and macronutrients for shoot and root regeneration. Results also showed that shoot regeneration was significantly influenced by explant type. Shoots were only obtained from cotyledons whereas both cotyledons and hypocotyls could produce roots. Modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with N6 macronutrients resulted in twice the shoot regeneration frequency obtained with ½MS macronutrients in the presence of thidiazuron (TDZ). The shoot regeneration frequency was significantly reduced when BA was used in place of TDZ. On shoot regeneration medium containing BA and NAA, only roots were formed. Replacing NAA with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) greatly improved the regeneration of shoots. The optimum growth regulator combination for shoot regeneration was 20 μM TDZ together with 2.5 μM IAA, which gave a frequency of 63% and 4.4 shoots per regenerating explant for the best cultivar Ex-El. Genotypic differences were significant both for the number of explants regenerating shoots and the number of shoots produced per regenerating explant. 相似文献
9.
In vitro induction of multiple shoots and plant regeneration in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
D. C. Agrawal A. K. Banerjee R. R. Kolala A. B. Dhage A. V. Kulkarni S. M. Nalawade S. Hazra K. V. Krishnamurthy 《Plant cell reports》1997,16(9):647-652
Induction of multiple shoots in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Anjali-LRK 516) has been achieved with cotyledonary nodes devoid of cotyledons and apical meristems. Explants from 35-day-old seedlings yielded the maximum number of shoots (4.7 shoots/explant) using Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin (2.5 mg/1 each). Explants from 35-day-old seedlings raised in glass bottles produced a higher number of multiple shoots (8.3 shoots/explant) than those grown in glass tubes and cultured on the same shoot induction medium. Elongation of multiple shoots was obtained on liquid or agar MS basal medium without phytohormones. In vitro shoots were rooted on half-strength agar-solidified MS basal medium or with 0.05 or 0.1 mg/1 naphthaleneacetic acid. Hardening and survival of tissue culture plantlets was 95% under greenhouse conditions.Abbreviations
BAP
6-Benzylaminopurine
- GA3
Gibberellic acid
- MS
Murashige and Skoog medium
-
NAA
-Napthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
10.
Anwaar Ahmad Heng Zhong Wengling Wang Mariam B. Sticklen 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(2):163-167
Summary We report a less genotype-dependent in vitro regeneration system capable of producing multiple shoot clumps and whole plants in four different wheat genotypes. Shool
apical meristems from 7-d-old-seedlings produced axillary and adventitious shoots and somatic embryos on media containing
N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). All four genotypes responded positively to shoot multiplication
depending upon media composition. Scanning electron microscopies of cultures showed a proliferating budding state that gave
rise to adventitious shoots and somatic embryos on further multiplication. The percentage of relative shoot apical meristem
multiplication was 80–90%, and the average number of shoot meristems per multiplied shoot was 40–50 in all genotypes. Among
different concentrations of phytohormones, 2 and 4 mgl−1 BA (8.8 and 17.7 μM) in combination with 0.5 mg l−1 2,4-D (2.26 μM) gave the best results. Actively multiplying shoot clumps were recovered with high frequency among 3-mo.-old cultures. These
shoot clumps regenerated normally and produced fertile plants containing viable seeds. This in vitro system might prove useful for the production of transgenic plants of wheat in a relatively genotype-independent manner. 相似文献
11.
12.
Clusters of isometric virus-like particles c. 22 nm in diameter, embedded in amorphous electron-dense material, were found in the phloem tissue of Anthriscus cerefolium (chervil) plants infected with the semi-persistent aphid-borne virus, anthriscus yellows (AYV). The particles resembled those seen previously in thin sections of AYV-transmitting aphids (Cavariella aegopodii). The particles were found only in the central vascular bundle of the petiole and its continuation in the leaf midrib. They were also found in extracts made by grinding petiole and midrib tissue in 10 % sucrose using Carborundum. These results confirm earlier studies which suggest that AYV is confined to deeper-lying tissues. 相似文献
13.
B. Wang D. X. Peng Z. X. Sun N. Zhang S. M. Gao 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(2):105-111
Ramie [Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud] is one of the most important perennial fiber crops in China. In vitro tissue culture of ramie could serve as an important means for its improvement through genetic transformation. To improve
the regeneration capacity of ramie, the effects on plant regeneration of donor plant age, basal medium, plant growth regulators,
and culture conditions were evaluated using explants derived from the cotyledon, hypocotyl, leaf, petiole, and stem of ramie
seedlings. Cotyledons and hypocotyls excised from 4-d-old seedlings and leaves and petioles and stems from 15-d-old seedlings
were optimal explants. The highest regeneration efficiency was obtained on Murashige and Skoog salts with Gamborg’s B5 vitamins basal medium containing 2.27 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.054 μM naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for the five explant
types tested. A photoperiod of 16:8 h (light/dark) was found to be superior than continuous darkness for regeneration of ramie
using TDZ. The regenerated shoots were transferred to hormone-free medium for shoot elongation and successfully rooted on
half-strength Murashige and Skoog supplemented with 0.134 μM NAA. The rooted plantlets with four to five leaves were transplanted
to greenhouse for further growth. 相似文献
14.
Protoplasts isolated from young, unexpanded leaves of the wild lettuce species, Lactuca saligna, divided to give colonies, when plated at low density in KP8 medium solidified with 1% (w/v) agarose. Sustained colony development was dependent upon the incorporation of the bead culture approach. Plant regeneration, via organogenesis, followed the transfer of colonies firstly to K8 medium and then to M/S medium supplemented with IAA and 6-BAP, both solidified with 1% (w/v) agarose. Excised shoots were rooted on agar-solidified M/S medium lacking phytohormones. The potential of this species as a source of race-non-specific mildew resistance for transfer into lettuce (L. sativa) via somatic hybridisation is discussed.Abbreviations 6-BAP
6-benzylamine purine
- IAA
indoleacetic acid
- M/S
Murashige and Skoog (1962)
- fwt
fresh weight 相似文献
15.
H.J. Clarke J.G. Wilson I. Kuo M.M. Lülsdorf N. Mallikarjuna J. Kuo K.H.M. Siddique 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2006,85(2):197-204
The main constraint to the transfer of desired traits into cultivated chickpea from wild Cicer relatives is the presence of post-zygotic barriers which result in abortion of the immature embryo following interspecific hybridisation. Rescue of hybrid embryos in vitro and regeneration of hybrid plantlets could allow chickpea breeders to transfer desirable traits from wild relatives of chickpea. The development of embryo rescue techniques using selfed chickpea and selfed wild relatives is being used as a first step to protocols for wide hybrids. Optical microscopy studies of embryogenesis, in both selfs and hybrids, identified deleterious changes in the fertilised hybrid seed as early as 2–4 days after pollination in some crosses. These observations suggest that the appropriate time to rescue chickpea × C. bijugum hybrids is at the early globular stage of embryogenesis (2–7 days old), which requires the development of a complex tissue culture medium. In contrast hybrids between chickpea × C. pinnatifidum abort later (up to 15–20 days old) at the heart-shaped or torpedo stages, and are easier to rescue in vitro. Genotype also plays a significant role in the ability of immature selfed ovules to germinate in vitro. In this paper we report on the optimisation of␣protocols for rescueing immature embryos using selfed chickpea and its wild relatives in ovule, and subsequently to regenerate plantlets. 相似文献
16.
Isometric virus-like particles c. 22–25 nm in diameter were found in ultrathin sections of chervil leaves infected with carrot red leaf virus (CRLV). The particles were confined to the phloem and occurred in less than 5% of the cells in the vascular bundles. They were commonest in companion cells, occurred frequently in sieve elements and were also found in phloem parenchyma cells. The observations support other evidence that CRLV should be classified in the luteovirus group. 相似文献
17.
Summary Two representative cultivars ofCicer arietinum, the desi-type cv.Annigeri and the kabuli-type cv.ICCV6, were regenerated in vitro and clonally propagated from cotyledonary
nodes and meristem tips. The explants were dissected from 1-wk-old seedlings aseptically germinated on WH medium. In both
cultivars, all nodes cultured on B5 medium supplemented with 4.4μM 6-benzylaminopurine developed up to seven shoots per node within 3 wk. Meristem tips were much better suited for multiple
shoot formation. Cultured on DKW-C-a medium supplemented with 4.4μM 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.05μM indole-3-butyric acid, 96% of the meristem tips produced up to 10 shoots per explant. A new method in improving clonal propagation
was subdividing the meristem tips. Doing so, multiple shoot formation was considerably enhanced: up to 90 shoots per original
explant could be obtained with cv.Annigeri, and up to 50 with cv.ICCV6. Indole-3-butyric acid proved to be the best rooting
factor. From several media tested, the best root induction and development was achieved on WH medium supplemented with 2.5μ M indole-3-butyric acid: 72% rooting with cv.Annigeri and 68% rooting with cv.ICCV6. With both cultivars there were no differences
in rooting capacity between shoots of nodal origin and those derived from meristem tips. The plantlets obtained were transferred
into soil and kept under greenhouse conditions. The survival frequency was 28% with cv.Annigeri and 23% with cv.ICCV6. R0 plants remained smaller than seed-grown controls and produced only a few fertile seeds. There was no difference between R1 plants and controls in growth, development, and seed set. 相似文献
18.
R. Rodríguez M. Rey L. Cuozzo G. Ancora 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1990,26(5):531-536
Summary A twenty fold multiplication per twenty days of caper was achieved by culturing nodal shoot segments in the presence of BAP
(4 μM) plus IAA (0.3 μM) and GA3 (0.3 μM). The use of a modified MS medium facilitated this response. Plantlet regeneration was induced on single shoots taken from
proliferating clusters subcultured for 20 days on a reduced BAP (2 μM) without auxin and gibberellin Higher rooting responses (70%) were obtained after a 20-day incubation period in darkness
on solid half-strength MS1 medium plus IAA (30 μM), followed by a subsequent 20 day culture period on half-strength MSI basal medium. Proliferation was mainly due to axillary
shoot-bud development as revealed by histological studies. The extensive meristematic activities observed indicated the enormous
morphological potential of this species. 相似文献
19.
Regeneration of adventitious shoots from leaves and, for the first time, from internode sections were compared and optimized for five economically important sweet cherry cultivars, i.e. Schneiders, Sweetheart, Starking Hardy Giant, Kordia and Regina (Prunus avium L.). The influence of basal media, carbon source, combination and dosage of phytohormones, ethylene inhibitor such as silver thiosulfate and a 16 h:8 h light:dark photoperiod versus complete darkness were evaluated. Both, DKW/WPM (1:1) and Quoirin/Lepoivre (QL) basal media stimulated organogenesis more than QL/WPM (1:1), Chee and Pool (CP), Murashige Skoog (MS), Driver and Kuniyuki (DKW) or woody plant (WPM) media did. An induction phase in darkness resulted in lower or zero regeneration rates. The best regeneration efficiencies were generally obtained with thidiazuron in combination with indole-3-butyric-acid. The addition of silver thiosulfate resulted in a similar or reduced regeneration efficiency. Significant genotypic variability in adventitious bud formation was evident for both explant sources, leaf and internode section. Adventitious shoots were obtained from 11% of leaf explants and 50% of internode sections indicating that shoot regeneration from internodes was significantly more efficient than from leaves. 相似文献
20.
Jing Qin Mao Mohsin Abbas Zaidi John Thor Arnason Illimar Altosaar 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2006,87(2):121-125
An in vitro regeneration system was developed in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] Blackeye. Among several explants studied, shoot initiation response was observed from shoot apices of 3–5-day-old seedlings. The optimal medium for maximum shoot initiation comprised MS salts, B5 vitamins, 8.88 μM N
6-benzylaminopurine, 1 gl-1 casein hydrolysate, 342 μM L-glutamine, 3% sucrose, 0.3% phytagel, adjusted to pH 5.8. A shift in pH from 5.8 to 7.0 had no effect on shoot initiation and on number of shoots per explant. The highest shoot initiation frequency (77%) was obtained using this preferred medium, reaching a maximum of eight shoots per explant. For shoot elongation, 14 μM gibberellic acid was supplemented in the shoot initiation medium. Presence of indolebutyric acid in the rooting medium had no effect on root induction. The regenerated plants were fertile and developed normally. 相似文献