钙调素参与玉米线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性的调节

经DEAE C-32柱纯化的玉米(Zea mays L.)线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH),用NAD激酶(NADK)法测定时,无钙调素(CaM)活性,说明不存在游离CaM;而用ELISA法测定总CaM时,却可检测到CaM。纯化的SDH加热处理后,能激活NADK,可能加热释放出游离CaM。纯化SDH的电泳分析表明,天然聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)只显示1条主带;而SDS-PAGE则出现67.0kD、30.0kD、16.7kD 3条带,前两条带与SDH的大、小亚基分子量一致,第三条带与CaM电泳迁移率一致。上述结果说明CaM可能与SDH处于结合状态,而且其活性受CaM调节。     

Purification of the newly found selenium-containing proteins in the arterial wall and brain of the rat

Previously several selenium-containing proteins with different subunit molecular masses (M(r)) were detected in the arterial wall and brain of rats. In continuation of this work, after labeling of rats in vivo with [(75)Se]selenite, the new selenium-containing proteins of interest were purified on a Sephadex G-200 column followed by preparative isoelectric focusing. Nuclear analytical methods (gamma-counter and gamma-detector) were applied in the detection and identification of the (75)Se-labeled proteins. The two (75)Se-containing proteins from the arterial wall migrated as 15.0- and 67.0-kDa species on SDS-PAGE gels with pI values of 4.5 and 5.1, respectively. The three (75)Se-containing proteins from brain purified to homogeneity had M(r) values of 18.0, 30.0, and 42.9 kDa and pI values of 6.3, 6.5, and 6.0, respectively. Of these proteins, the 67.0-, 42.9-, and 30.0-kDa species may be yet not characterized selenoproteins with important biological functions.     

猪血小板外廓蛋白（profilin）的分离纯化和鉴定

本文合成了一种聚脯氨酸亲和层析凝胶,并用这种凝胶纯化了猪血小板外廓蛋白。纯化的外廓蛋白在ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中呈单一蛋白带,分子量１４ｋＤ;在体外能显著抑制肌动蛋白聚合。     

一种新的源自赤NFDA1的强血管生成抑制剂福安泰-03的分离和鉴定

从赤NFDA1软骨和去皮的软组织中分离并鉴定了一种新的强血管生成抑制剂福安泰-03(Fuantai-03, FAT-03). 利用组织匀浆、盐析、离子交换层析、疏水层析和反向层析等方法进行分离和纯化. 鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）试验检测FAT-03对血管生成的影响. SDS-PAGE分析揭示,FAT-03为单一银染条带,分子量大约为43 000.层析洗脱实验证实,这一分子量蛋白质具有强抗血管生成活性. FAT-03的纯度进一步因其独特的N末端氨基酸序列（PFGNTHNKWKLNYSAEQEFP）而肯定.每日20、40和80μg FAT-03给药组（每胚给药3 d）对血管生成的抑制率分别为 23.6%、33.1%和50.8%. 本研究首次证实,赤NFDA1产生上述强血管生成抑制剂.     

大鼠脑突触质膜糖皮质激素受体的纯化

本文利用抗大鼠肝细胞内糖皮质激素受体的单克隆抗体制备的免疫亲和层析柱,将大鼠脑突触质膜糖皮质激素受体纯化了约1150倍,SDS聚丙烯酰胺簿层梯度凝胶电泳显示,在约67kD处有一较明显的染色条带。     

In vitro digestion of spectrin, protein 4.1 and ankyrin by erythrocyte calcium dependent neutral protease (calpain I)

1. In whole ghosts, ankyrin, protein 4.1, protein band 3 and spectrin are lysed by purified calpain I in the presence of calcium. 2. Limited calpain lysis of purified ankyrin results in several peptides, including a 85 kD peptide bearing the ankyrin interaction site for the protein band 3 internal fragment (43 kD), and a 55 kD peptide carrying the ankyrin-spectrin interaction site. 3. These peptides are differently phosphorylated: the 85 kD by cytosol casein kinase, and the 55 kD by membrane casein kinase. 4. Protein 4.1 lysis mainly produces a 30 kD peptide resistant to proteolysis. 5. The spectrin beta-chain is more sensitive to calpain cleavage than the alpha chain; both chains seem to be cleaved in a similar sequential manner. 6. Limited proteolysis of spectrin dimer does not impede tetramerization in vitro.     

肾综合征出血热纯化疫苗的SDS-PAGE分析

为了证明蛑综合征出血热纯化疫苗的主要成分坦病毒蛋白,采用出血热纯化疫苗经浓缩后进行SDS－PAGE和Western-blotting分析。结果 经SDS－PAGE显示,肾综合征出血热纯化疫苗有三条蛋白带,分子量分别约为70kD、55kD和50kD,与汉坦病毒三种结构蛋白（糖蛋白G1、G2和核蛋白NP）的分子量相符;经Western-blotting显示,分子量50kD的蛋白带反应阳性,分子量70kD和55kD的蛋白带无反应,认定出血热纯化疫苗的主要成分为汉坦病毒蛋白,主要由G1、G2和NP三种结构蛋白构成。     

菜心乙醇酸氧化酶的纯化和催化特性分析

用改进后的方法,从菜心绿叶中分离纯化得到一个亚基分子量为42kD的乙醇酸氧化酶,用氧电极法测定该酶同时能催化乙醇酸和乙醛酸的氧化。     

Candida utilis NAD+ kinase: purification, properties and affinity gel studies

1. NAD+ kinase (ATP:NAD+ 2' phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.23) has been purified to apparent enzymic homogeneity on Blue Sepharose CL-6B. 2. The molecular weight of the active species is about 260,000 as determined by PAGE and gel chromatography. Protein staining (PAGE) revealed minor bands with molecular weight values of 40,000, 140,000 and 550,000. Subunit studies (SDS-PAGE) gave evidence of a single band of molecular weight approximately 32,000. 3. On the basis of the release patterns of this enzyme from several affinity gels, an elution diagram is proposed as a device to assess the contribution of any of the several displacing agents that can be used to manipulate the desorption of a (enzyme) ligate from an immobilized ligand.     

Identification and characterization of major bovine serum tyrosine-O-sulfate-binding protein as a complement factor H

A major tyrosine-O-sulfate (TyrS)-binding protein present in bovine serum was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity using a combination of TyrS-Affi-Gel 10 affinity chromatographyy, DEAE-Bio-Gel A ion-exchange chromatography, and hydroxylapatite chromatography. The purified TyrS-binding protein migrated as doublet protein bands with apparent molecular weights of ca. 160, 000, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions. N-termini of the two forms of purified TyrS-binding protein contain most likely identical sequence for the first fifteen amino acids residues, which displays a high degree of homology to those of human and mouse complement factor H. Furthermore, the purified TyrS-binding protein exhibited immunologic cross-reactivity with anti-human complement factor H. These results indicate the identity of the purified TyrS-binding protein being bovine complement factor H. The two forms of the purified bovine factor H were investigated with respect to the sensitivity to limited trypsin digestion. The high-molecular weight form was cleaved into two fragments with apparent molecular masses of, respectively, 45 kD and 125 kD. The low-molecular weight form was cleaved in a different manner to generate three major fragments with molecular masses of 25 kD, 45 kD and 100 kD, respectively. Limited V8 protease mapping of the two forms yielded similar, yet unidentical, peptide band patterns. Purified bovine factor H appeared to bind agarose-bonded heparin through its anion-binding domain and the binding was inhibited by the presence of free heparin or dextran sulfate.Abbreviations HEPES N-2-hydroxylpiperazine-N-2-ethanesulfonic acid - NP-40 Nonidet P-40 - PBS phosphate-buffered saline - SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis - TyrS tyrosine-O-sulfate     

重组人钙调素的制备及对细胞增殖作用影响的研究

The gene coding for human CaM was amplified by PCR in which pUC/hCaM3 cDNA was usd as template. After inserting the hCaM III cDNA into the expression plasmid pBV220, we constructed the hCaM3 cDNA-recombinant expression vector(hCaM3/pBV220). The recombinant plasmid was then transformed into E. coli DH5 alpha. After heat induction, a high level expression of CaM protein was obtained. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the recombinant E. coli could express a 17 kD protein which accounted for about 20% of the total cellular protein. Western blot analysis showed that anti-CaM monoclonal antibody(McAb) specifically bound to the 17 kD band of expression product. rhCaM was purified by Phenyl-sepharose CL-4B affinity chromatography from recombinant bacterial lysate. 3-4 mg of the purified protein were obtained from 1 liter of bacterial culture. The rhCaM was able to activate NAD kinase to the same extent as the standard human brain CaM (Sigma). K562 cells and SP2/0 cells were seeded in 24-well or 96-well plate and cultured for 48 h with rhCaM and CaM-antagonist trifluoperazine(TFP). Cell proliferation rates was determined by MTT assay. There was a significant positive correlation between the concentrations of rhCaM and the cell proliferation rates. CaM-antagonist TFP had an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation rate. The inhibition could be corrected by the addition of extracellular rhCaM.     

抗吗啡活性肽的分离纯化及一级结构测定

报道了一种新的具有抗吗啡镇痛活性的肽的分离纯化,并进行部分一级结构测定．狗脑先经醋酸提取,冷冻成干粉,然后上ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－５０和Ｓ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＦ．Ｆ柱,最后经ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ纯化,鉴定纯度后,测定其抗吗啡镇痛活性,通过ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ法测得其分子量为８．９ｋＤ．氨基酸序列分析测得该肽的Ｎ端序列为：Ｖ－Ｉ－Ｓ－Ｖ－Ａ－Ｄ－Ｗ－Ｔ－Ｑ－Ｉ－Ｆ－Ｔ－Ｍ－Ｒ－Ｙ－Ｆ－Ｉ－Ｔ－Ｇ－Ｙ－Ｈ－Ｑ－Ｄ－Ｙ－Ｘ－Ｇ－Ｌ－Ｈ－Ｉ－Ｇ．经部分一级结构同源序列检索,未见与此有同源的蛋白质的报道,暂命名该肽为ＣＣ４肽     

Isolation, purification, and properties of aminopeptidase H from skeletal muscle of the lizard Agama stellio stellio

Aminopeptidase H was isolated and purified from fresh skeletal muscle of the lizard Agama stellio stellio by ammonium sulfate fractionation and successive chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose, Ultrogel AcA-34, activated thiol-Sepharose 4B, phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B, and DEAE-cellulose again. This is the first report of the isolation of aminopeptidase H from a reptile. The purified enzyme migrated as a single band on SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 48 kD by SDS-PAGE and 384 kD on Ultrogel AcA-34 column chromatography. The optimum pH for hydrolysis of L-leucine beta-naphthylamide (Leu-Nap) was 7.8. The Km values for the hydrolysis of Leu-Nap and Nalpha-benzoyl-DL-arginine beta-naphthylamide (BzArg-Nap) were 0.48 and 0.99 mM, respectively. These activities were strongly inhibited by iodoacetic acid and leupeptin but were not affected by EDTA, pepstatin, bestatin, or phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. The enzyme has been shown not to hydrolyze proteins such as hemoglobin, BSA, myofibrillar proteins, and sarcoplasmic proteins.     

Are soluble and membrane-bound rat brain acetylcholinesterase different?

Salt-soluble and detergent-soluble acetylcholinesterases (AChE) from adult rat brain were purified to homogeneity and studied with the aim to establish the differences existing between these two forms. It was found that the enzymatic activities of the purified salt-soluble AChE as well as the detergent-soluble AChE were dependent on the Triton X-100 concentration. Moreover, the interaction of salt-soluble AChE with liposomes suggests amphiphilic behaviour of this enzyme. Serum cholinesterase (ChE) did not bind to liposomes but its activity was also detergent-dependent. Detergent-soluble AChE remained in solution below critical micellar concentrations of Triton X-100. SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified, Biobeads-treated and iodinated detergent-soluble 11 S AChE showed, under non reducing conditions, bands of 69 kD, 130 kD and >250 kD corresponding, respectively, to monomers, dimers and probably tetramers of the same polypeptide chain. Under reducing conditions, only a 69 kD band was detected. It is proposed that an amphiphilic environment stabilizes the salt-soluble forms of AChE in the brain in vivo and that detergent-soluble Biobeads-treated 11 S AchE possess hydrophobic domain(s) different from the 20 kD peptide already described.Abbreviations used AChE acetylcholinesterase - BSA bovine serum albumin - ChE serum (butyryl) cholinesterase - ConA-Sepharose concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B - DMAEBA-Sepharose dimethylaminoethylbenzoic acid-Sepharose 4B - SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis - TMA tetramethylammonium chloride     

棉铃虫幼虫抗菌肽的初步研究

棉铃虫（Heliothis armigera）五龄幼虫经大肠杆菌、金美色葡萄球菌混合菌诱导后,产生抗菌肽,经100％热处理15min后活性不变,通过琼脂糖孔穴扩散法测定,对革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌以及真菌都具有很强的抑菌活性。CM-Scpharose离子交换层析粗纯化产物经SDS-PAGE测定,其分子量约3kD。     

微粒体细胞色素P-450、NADPH-细胞色素P-450还原酶的纯化与重组活性

经苯巴比妥钠诱导的雄性大白鼠的肝微粒体纯化的细胞色素P-450同功酶组份,经SDS-PAGE鉴定呈电泳纯,分子量为55kD。部分纯化的NADPH-细胞色素P-450还原酶,含72和77kD两个蛋白质组分。上述细胞色素P-450和NADPH-细胞色素P-450还原酶与卵磷脂制备的脂质体重组后的活性试验表明,对艾氏剂有环氧化作用,对环已烷有羟化作用,对溴氰菊酯的羟化作用微弱。当重组系统中缺少细胞色素P-450组份时,对环已烷不再起作用。同时还研究了纯化的细胞色素P-450的光谱特性。     

凡纳滨对虾虾头内源性蛋白酶同源性分析

以凡纳滨对虾 (Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp) 虾头为原料,采用Q- Sepharose F F和Sephadex G-150对虾头内源碱性蛋白酶进行了纯化,通过SDS-PAGE测定分子量为79.95 kD|采用DEAE-Sepharose F.F和Sephadex G-100对内源酸性蛋白酶进行了纯化,通过SDS-PAGE测定分子量为27.45 kD. 利用HPLC-ESI-MS/MS对虾头内源碱性和酸性蛋白酶同源性进行了初步分析,将检测到内源性蛋白酶的部分氨基酸序列分别与不同物种的胰蛋白酶和胃蛋白酶氨基酸序列于Vector NTI suite 8.0软件上进行序列比对. 结果表明,内源性碱性蛋白酶与猪胰蛋白酶具有很高的同源性,均含有氨基酸序列LSSPATLNSRVATVSLPR|内源性酸性蛋白酶与非洲蟾蜍胃亚蛋白酶具有很高的同源性,均含有氨基酸序列EFGLSETEPGTNF.     

猪乳中一高分子量蛋白质的分离纯化和鉴定

对猪乳中一高分子量蛋白(HMWP)进行了分离纯化,并对其某些生化性质进行了鉴定。猪乳通过去脂得到脱脂乳,再去除酪蛋白得到乳清。对乳清进行硫酸铵分级盐析,猪乳中HMWP在40％饱和度硫酸铵盐析下有最大沉淀。收集40％饱和度硫酸铵盐析沉淀,经过溶解、透析得到HMWP的粗品。通过Mono Q离子交换柱,对其粗品进行两次层析提纯,得到了HMWP纯品,其纯度和得率分别为97．85％和12．31％。多种植物凝集素的Western blotting鉴定表明,HMWP是一个糖基种类较少的糖蛋白,含有Man和GlcNAc。SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤分别测得HMWP的分子量为114．8kD和115．0kD。通过等电点测定,HMWP的pI为5．10。HMWP的氨基酸组分分析得知,其富含Asp、Glu、Gly和Cys,疏水性氨基酸较低,仅占15．59％摩尔分数。这些结果说明HMWP是一个易溶于水的、酸性的分泌性单体球蛋白。N端氨基酸序列测定结果为Ala-Leu-Val—Gln-Ser-Gty-Leu-Ash-Leu-Val,通过从网络Genbank检索没有发现其同源蛋白的序列,说明其可能是一个新蛋白。     

牛脑Ca~(2+)/CaM依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ的纯化和鉴定

通过一系列层析法,首次从牛脑纯化得到胶凝电泳匀一的Ca~(2+)/CaM PKⅡ。凝胶过滤法测定全酶分子量为550kD,SDS-PAGE法测定亚基分子量为55kD,推测牛脑Ca~(2+)/CaM PK Ⅱ由十个相同的亚基组成。该酶活性绝对依赖于Ca~(2+)和CaM,以63kD PDE同工酶为底物,其AC_(50)分别为0.85μmol/L和0.18μmol/L;以酪蛋白为底物,其AC_(50)分别为0.22μmol/L和0.06μmol/L。牛脑Ca~(2+)/CaM PK Ⅱ旣能催化63kD PDE同工酶等多种蛋白或酶磷酸化,又能进行自身磷酸化。该酶催化63kD PDE同工酶最大磷酸参入量为1mol/mol亚基。磷酸化型63kD PDE同工酶的Ca~(2+)的AC_(50)高于非磷酸化型。     

蜗牛酶中一种人参皂苷Rb1水解酶的分离纯化

通过DEAE-Sepharose离子交换分段层析,DEAE-Sepharose离子交换梯度层析和SephadexG-100凝胶过滤层析三种方法的联用从中华白玉蜗牛消化酶中分离出一种人参皂苷Rb1水解酶。分离后该酶在SDS-PAGE上呈单一蛋白质务带。应用SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤层析对分子量的测定,提示该酶是由4个分子量为110～115kD的相同亚基组成的同源四聚体。Rb1为底物的动力学参数Km和Vmax分别为0．790mmol／L和10．192μmol／min／mg。该酶对人参皂苷Rb1糖键进行有选择的水解,可水解人参皂苷Rb1C50位的一个糖苷键生成人参皂苷Rd。