安徽金腰属 (虎耳草科)植物新资料

楔叶金腰为金腰属一新变种,同时报道安徽新记录种肾萼金腰,并对安徽金腰属植物进行了补充记述。     

A Study on the Genus Chrysosplenium L. from China (Cont.)

This paper deals with the taxonomy and geographic distribution of the genus Chrysosplenium L. in China. Based on the characters and evolution of the seed, capsule, disk, ovary and leaf, the species of this genus can be grouped into 2 subgenera, 5 sections and 16 series. There are 2 subgenera, 5 sections and 11 series in China. They are as follows: I. Subgen. Gamosplenium Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Leaves alternate. Lectotype: Chrysosplenium carnosum Hook. f. et Thoms. 1. Sect. Alternifolia Franch. emend. J. T. Pan Seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium alternifolium L. (1) Ser. Nudicaulia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior, sometimes mostly inferior; capsule generally subtruncate and emarginate at top and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate or suberect lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium nudicaule Maxim. (2) Ser. Alternifolia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk 8-lobed; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule generally subtruncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium alternifolia L. 2. Sect. Nephrophylloides Turcz. Seeds minutely papillose or pilose. Type: Chrysosplenium sedakowii Turcz. (1) Ser. Macrophylla Franch. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal lobes; seeds minutely papillose. Type: Chrysosplenium macrophyllum Oliv. (2) Ser. Ovalifolia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk generally 8-, rarely 4-, lobed, papillae absent around disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule subtruncate and emarginate at top; seeds minutely papillose or pilose. Type: Chrysosplenium ovalifolium M. Bieb. ex Bunge (3) Ser. Lanuginosa Hara, emend. J. T. Pan Papillae numerous, brown around reduced disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top; seeds minutely papillose. Type: Chrysosplenium lanuginosum Hook. f. et Thoms. II. Subgen. Chrysosplenium Leaves opposite. Type: Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L. 1. Sect. Trichosperma J. T. Pan, sect. nov. Capsule not truncate at top, and bilobed with subequal, suberect or divergent lobes. Type: Chrysosplenium trichospermum Edgew. ex Hook. f. et Thoms. This section is divided into 4 series in the world, with only 1 in China. (1) Ser. Nepalensia Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary generally mostly inferior; cassule not truncate at top, and bilobed with subequal and suberect or divergent lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium nepalense D. Don 2. Sect. Grayana J. T. Pan, sect. nov. Capsule bilobed with distinctly unequal and ascending lobes. Type: Chrysosplenium grayanum Maxim. This section consists of 4 series in the world, with 3 series in China. (1) Ser. Sinica Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-superior; capsule bilobed with distinctly unequal and ascending lobes; seeds minutely papillose. Type: Chrysosplenium sinicum Maxim. (2) Ser. Esulcata Franch. emend. J. T. Pan Disk (4)-8-lobed; ovary generally half-inferior; capsule bilobed with unequal and ascending lobes; seeds minutely papillose or pilose. Lectotype: Chrysosplenium dubium J. Gayex DC. (3) Ser. pilosa maxim. emend. J. T. Pan Disk obscure or absent; ovary nearly half-inferior; capsule bilobed with distinctly unequal and ascending lobes; seeds distinctly longitudinally ll-18-costate and minutely papillose or tuberculate on the ridge. Type: Chrysosplenium pilosum Maxim. 3. Sect. Chrysosplenium Capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate lobes. Type: Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L. (1) Ser. Romosa J. T. Pan, ser. nov. Disk distinctly 8-lobed, papillae sparse, brown around disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate lobes; seeds smooth and glabrous. Type: Chrysosplenium ramosum Maxim. This series is monospecific one, also occurring in China, namely C. ramosum Maxim. (2) Ser. Delavayi Hara Disk distinctly 8-lobed, Papillae sparse, brown around the disk; ovary mostly inferior; capsule nearly truncate and emarginate at top, and bilobed with equal and horizontally divaricate lobes; seeds distinctly longitudinally 10-16-costate and transversely striate on the ridge. Type: Chrysosplenium delavayi Franch. This series can be considered as the most advanced one in the Chrysaspleninm L. So far, the Chrysosplenium L. comprises 64 species in the world, among which 1 species is found in North Africa, 2 in South America, 4 in Europe, 5 in North America, 56 in Asia, of which 3 occur in Sikkim, 5 Bhutan, 5 Mongolia, 6 north Burma, 6 Korea, 7 north India, 8 Nepal, 12 Japan, 17 U.S.S.R. (of which 3 also in Europe), 34 China (including 22 endemic species and 3 new species). In China, Fujian and Guangdong Provinces and Zhuang Autonomous Region of Guangxi each has only 1 species, Taiwan, Zhejiang, Shanxi and Hebei Provinces and Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang each has 2, Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan Provinces each has 3, Qinghai Province 4, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Guizhou Provinces each has 5, Jilin and Hubei Provinces each has 6, Gausu Province 8, Shaanxi Province and Xizang (Tibet) Autonomous Region each has 10, Yunnan Province has 11, Sichuan Province has 14. Thus the distribution centre of this genus should be in the north temperate zone of Asia, and the region covering Shaanxi Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan and Xizang may be regarded as an important part of this centre. The 7 species of Ser. Nudicaula Maxim. emend. J. T. Pan can be considered as the most primitive ones in this genus. They are mostly distributed in Shaanxi (Qin Ling), south Gansu, southeast Qinghai, southwest Sichuan and nothwest Yunnan of China. This region may be considered as the centre of the origin (or at least differentiation) of this genus. The new species and the new varieties described in this paper are as follows: C. hydrocotylifolium Levl. et Vant. var. emeiense J. T. Pan, C. taibaishanense J. T. Pan, C. lixianense Jien ex J. T. Pan, C. qinlingense Jien ex J. T. Pan.     

金腰属植物化学成分和构效关系研究进展

介绍从金腰属(Chrysospleruium)植物中分离得到的化合物及其生理活性研究概况和构效关系,为进一步开展该属植物成分和药效研究提供参考。金腰属植物成分主要为黄酮类化合物,还有五环三萜。都有较强的生物活性。     

701. CHRYSOSPLENIUM MACROPHYLLUM

Chrysosplenium macrophyllum Oliver is illustrated; its distribution, ecology, and cultivation are discussed.     

Studies on the Genus Chondrus (Gigartinaceae) from Dalian,China

Two species of Chondrus, C. armatus (Harv.)Okam. and C. yendoi Yamada et Mikami from the coast of Dalian, Liaoning, China, are reported in this paper. C. yendoi is new to China.     

江西省种子植物区系新资料

报道了江西省植物分布新记录3种,均发现于井冈山地区,分别为：肾萼金腰Chrysosplenium delavayi Franch.、圆苞山罗花Melampyrum laxum Miq.和窄叶马铃苣苔Oreocharis argyreia Chun ex K. Y. Pan var. angustifolia K. Y. Pan。     

福建省种子植物分布新记录

报道4种福建省种子植物分布新记录：球药隔重楼Paris fargesii Franch.、巫山繁缕Stellaria wushanensis Williams、肾萼金腰Chrysosplenium delavayi Franch.和叉序草Isoglossa collina (T. Anders.) B. Hansen。新分布植物标本均保存于福建农林大学植物标本馆(FAFU)。     

Notes on Syringa meyeri Schneid. and Its Confused Species

By comparing the type specimens, Syringa spontanea is distinguished from S. meyeri by the small suborbicular lamina palmately 5-veined and the dense pubescence onterete branchlets. Therefore, it is more consistent to recognize S.spontanea as a distinct species.     

A subspecific taxonomic study on Asplenium trichomanes L. from China

With the evidence from palynological, cytological, ecological and morphological data, the subspecific taxonomy of Asplenium trichomanes L. from China is carried out. Four subspecies and one variety, i.e.A. trichomanes L. ssp. trichomanes, A. trichomanes L. ssp. inexpectans Lovis, A. trichomanes L. ssp. quadrivalens D. E. Meyer emend. Lovis, A. trichomanes L. ssp. pachyrachis (Christ) Lovis et Reichst. and A. trichomanes L. var. harovii Moore emend. Midle are recognized from China. The distribution of each subspecies and variety is also presented. Some fragments of a type specimen named as A. trichomanes L. var. centrochinense Christ in PE are found to be different from the known taxa of A. trichomanes L. complex both morphologically andcytologically, and therefore are regarded representing a new species.     

Paeonia rockii and Its One New Subspecies from Mt. Taibai,Shaanxi of China

The history of exploration and classification of Paeonia rockii is reviewed in the present paper. Two allopatric subspecies in this species are recognized. The new subspecies, subsp, taibaishanica Hong, found on northern slope of the Qingling Range has leaflets ovate or rounded, totally or mostly lobed. P. rockii subsp, linyanshanii T. Hong et G. L. Ostiis found to be a superfluous name of P. rockii subsp, rockii.     

陕西省4种新记录植物

报道了陕西省4种新记录植物,分别是总序香茶菜[Isodon racemosus(Hemsley)H.W.Li]、绵毛金腰[Chrysosplenium lanuginosumJ.D.HookerThomson.]、紫花娃儿藤(Tylophora henryi Warburg)、球果假沙晶兰[Monotropastrum humile(D.Don)H.Hara]。对于补充完善陕西植物资源,研究秦岭植物区系有重要意义。凭证标本存于西北农林科技大学植物标本馆(WUK)。     

河南金腰属和省沽油属的订正

归并了金腰属１种和省沽油属１变种,报道２个新异名。     

944. CHRYSOSPLENIUM DAVIDIANUM

Chrysosplenium davidianum Decne ex Maxim. is illustrated from a collection made in Yunnan, west of Dali. Its distribution is described, and it is compared with other similar species.     

Pollen morphology of Gymnadenia R. Br. (Orchidaceae) and its taxonomic significance

Pollen morphology of five species from China in the genus Gymnadenia R. Br. (Orchidaceae) was investigated in this work. Pollen characteristics of this genus were compared to those of its closely related genus, Neottianthe Schltr. It is found that there are some differences of pollen morphology between the two genera, e.g.: (A) Pollen massulae are mostly irregular less frequently trigonous-conical in Gymnadenia, while mainly trigenuus-conical less frequently irregular in Neottianthe; (B) Ornamentation of pollen exine surface is usually indistinct, but microperforate, microrugulate, microfoveolate or both microperforate and microfossulate in high magnification in Gymnadenia, but more distinct in Neottianthe. Exine ornamentation of this genus can be divided into five types, ( 1 ) almost smooth, or very obscurely fosset, (2) perforate, (3) fossulate or foveolate, (4) reticuloid, (5) typically reticulate. (C) the surface of pollen massulae in Gymnadenia possess viscin thread, but that in Neottianthe does not. The result of this work supports the separation ofNeottianthe from Gymnadenia as an independent genus.     

达坂山蚤缀和裸茎金腰叶绿体超微结构的研究

对高山植物达坂山蚤缀和裸茎金腰叶绿体超微结构的研究表明,叶绿体和线粒体镶嵌很紧密;基粒和基质类囊体膨大,膨大的类囊体呈梭形或圆形,没有发现脂质小球的存在;基粒叠垛程度很低,平均每个基粒类囊体的片层数为5．4。这2种高山植物叶绿体超微结构上的特征是青藏高原特殊的生态条件,包括低温、低气压、强辐射影响的结果。     

人参木属—五加科一新属

本文报导五加科一新属,人参本属Chengiopanax Shang et J.Y.Huang,新组合2种,即华人参木Ch.fargesii(Franch.)Shang et J.Y.Hung及人参木Ch.sciadophylloides(Franch.et Sav.)Shang et J.Y.Huang。     

滇黔金腰、大叶金腰和锈毛金腰挥发油的化学成分

从贵州省宽阔水自然保护区采集滇黔金腰、大叶金腰和锈毛金腰,采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取挥发油,用气相色谱—质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,共鉴定出85种成分,主要为十六烷酸、烷烃类、肉豆蔻酸和叶绿醇等化合物。其中,在滇黔金腰中共鉴定出48种化学成分,主要有十六烷酸(10.29%)和月桂酸(7.54%)等;在大叶金腰中共鉴定出50种化学成分,主要有邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯(10.91%)和二十七烷(7.29%)等;在锈毛金腰中共鉴定出58种化学成分,主要有十六烷酸(12.66%)和三十二烷(8.15%)等。不同种金腰属植物挥发油的主要成分种类比较接近,但各自挥发油化合物组成又都含有其特有化学成分。     

湖南的新记录植物(四)

报道了湖南植物分布新记录,其中新记录科1个,即无叶莲科Petrosaviaceae;新记录属2个,即无叶莲属Petrosavia Becc.和鸢尾兰属Oberonia Lindl.;新记录种11个,即小药八旦子Corydalis caudata(Lam.) Pers、韫珍金腰Chrysosplenium wuwenchenii Jien、桂林乌桕Sapium chihsinianum S.K.Lee、蛛毛苣苔Paraboea sinensis(Oliv.) Burtt、扁穗牛鞭草Hemarthria compressa(Linn.f.) R.Br.、曲轴黑三棱Sparganium fallax Graebn、无叶莲Petrosavia sakuraii(Makino) J.J.Smith ex Steenis、北重楼Paris verticillata M.-Bieb.、大叶仙茅Curculigo capitulata(Lour.) O.Kuntze、狭叶鸢尾兰Oberonia caulescens Lindl.、无距虾脊兰Calanthe tsoongiana T.Tang et F.T.Wang;新记录变种1个,即峨嵋金腰Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium Lévl.et Vant.var.emeiense J.T.Pan。     

Notes on the genus Clematis (Ranunculaceae) (Ⅲ)

(1) The evolutionary trends of sepals and stamens of the genus Clematis are discussed; (2) New classifications for sect. Cheiropsis DC. and sect. Aspidanthera Spach are proposed; (3) One subsection, 13 series, 5 species and 4 varieties are described as new; (4) Six new ranks and2 new combinations are made.     

藏药裸茎金腰的化学成分研究

用色谱技术对藏药裸茎金腰(Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge)全草化学成分进行分离鉴定,以UV、IR、MS,1HNMR、13CNMR、DEPT等现代谱学方法鉴定化合物结构,得到8个化合物：β-pdltoboykinolic acid,7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-3’-4’-5-trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone,5-甲氧基阿拉伯糖,β-谷甾醇,三十烷,8-甲基-二十八烷,9-甲基-2-三十二烯,1-环戊二烯-3-甲基-十九烷。这8个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。