Novel Antioxidants Isolated from Perilla frutescens Britton var. crispa (Thunb.)

Two novel antioxidants (vinyl caffeate and trans-p-menth-8-en-7-yl caffeate) and seven known antioxidants (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, methyl 3,4-dihydroxy-benzoate, methyl caffeate, 3′,4′,5,7-tetra-hydroxy-flavone, caffeic acid, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin, and rosmarinic acid) were isolated from Perilla frutescens Britton var. crispa (Thunb.). The redox potentials of the novel isolated antioxidative compounds were comparable to those of known antioxidants. trans-p-menth-8-en-7-yl caffeate was effective to prevent the oxidative degradation of perillaldehyde in the essential oil of P. frutescens.     

Study of Antimalarial Activity of Chemical Constituents from Diospyros quaesita

Bioassay‐directed fractionation led to the isolation of seven compounds from a sample of the dried leaves, twigs, and branches of Diospyros quaesita Thw . (Ebenaceae). One of the isolates, betulinic acid 3‐caffeate ( 1 ), showed in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum clones D₆ (chloroquine‐sensitive) and W₂ (chloroquine‐resistant) with IC₅₀ values of 1.40 and 0.98 μM , respectively. Evaluation of compound 1 in the human oral epidermoid (KB) cancer cell line revealed cytotoxicity at ED₅₀ of 4.0 μM . In an attempt to reduce the cytotoxicity of 1 , the acetylated derivative 1a and betulinic acid ( 1b ) were prepared. Of the seven isolates, diospyrosin ( 2 ) was determined to be a new neolignan. In addition to 1 , other known compounds isolated in this study were pinoresinol, lariciresinol, N‐benzoyl‐L ‐phenylalaninol, scopoletin, and poriferast‐5‐en‐3β,7α‐diol. The structure of 2 was elucidated based on spectroscopic data analysis including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and HR‐ESI‐MS.     

Two New Coumarins from Fraxinus chinensis Rexb.

The ethanol extract of the stem bark of Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. showed good inhibitory bioactivity against VEGF receptor-1 kinase （IC50：13.8 μg/mL）. In order to find new and bioactive compounds, the chemical constituents of the stem bark of F. chinensis were investigated and two new coumarins, namely 6＇-O-sinapinoyl esculin （compound 1） and 6＇-O-vanillyl esculin （compound 2）, together with eleven known compounds （compounds 3-13） were isolated. The structures of the two new compounds were identified by their physicochemical properties and spectral analysis, particularly one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectral methods. The known compound, oleuropein （compound 11）, exhibited moderate activity （IC50：（8.7 ± 1.3） μmol/L） to inhibit VEGF receptor- 1 kinase.     

三七环二肽成分和人参内酰胺成分

From the roots of Panax notoginseng fourteen cyclodipeptides 1-14 were isolated including one new compound (1),seven new natural compounds (4-10) and six known compounds (2-3,11-14) together with one known other compound 15.The chemical structure of 1 was elucidated as cyclo-(Leu-Thr) based on spectral methods.From the roots of Panax ginseng five known lactams (16-20) includingpyrng lutamic acid were isolated together with butyric diacid,daucosterol and sucrose.The primary binactivity test showed that pyroglutamic acid and its n-butyl derivative have weak Ca^2 antagonistic activity.     

鞭打绣球中的一个新单萜苷

从鞭打绣球(Hemiphragma heterophyllum Wall.)全草中分离到1个新单萜苷和7个已知化合物.通过波谱数据分析,新单萜苷的结构鉴定为(4S)-α-萜烯醇-8-O-β-D-比喃木糖-(1→6)-β-D-比喃葡萄糖苷,已知化合物分别鉴定为globularin(2)、(2S 3S,4R,9E)-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-[(2'R)-hydroxy-tetracosanoylamino]-9-octadecene(3)、β-香树素(4)、齐墩果酸(5)、肉桂酸(6)、β-谷甾醇(7)和胡萝卜甙(8).除化合物2外,其余化合物均为首次从鞭打绣球中分离得到.     

Cytotoxic and antimicrobial metabolites from marine lignicolous fungi, Diaporthe sp

A new compound (1), named diaporthelactone, together with two known compounds (2 and 3) were isolated from the culture of Diaporthe sp., a marine fungus growing in the submerged rotten leaves of Kandelia candel in the mangrove nature conservation areas of Fugong, Fujian Province of China. The new compound was elucidated to be 1,3-dihydro-4-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuran-carboxyaldehyde (1), which showed cytotoxic activity against KB and Raji cell lines (IC50 6.25 and 5.51 microg mL(-1), respectively). Two known compounds, 7-methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one (2) and mycoepoxydiene (3), were also demonstrated to exhibit cytotoxic activities for the first time. All three compounds were assessed for antimicrobial activity.     

A New Pregnane from Munronia delavayi Franc （Meliaceae）

To search for pharmacologically active constituents of folk medicine, a new pregnane, 2α,3α,15β-trihydroxy-20（S）-tigloyl-pregnane （compound 1）, and nine known compounds, geranylgeraniol （compound 2）, β-daucosterol （compound 3）, 6-hydroxystigmast-4oen-3-one （compound 4）, sitoindoside Ⅰ （compound 5）, sitoindoside Ⅱ （compound 6）, β-sitosterol （compound 7）, kaempferol （compound 8）, quercetin （compound 9）, and rutin （compound 10）, were isolated from the ethanol extract of whole plants of Munronia delavayi Franch using chromatographic methods. The structures of compounds 1-10 were elucidated on the basis of spectral data.     

New Isoflavonoid Glycosides from the Rhizomes of Iris leptophylla Lingelsh.

Two new isoflavonoid glucosides, 5-hydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-isoflavone-4＇-O-D-glucopyranosyl （2→〉l）-L-rhamnoside （irilone-bioside） （compound 1） and 5,4＇-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavone-3＇-O-β-D-glucoside （irisleptophyllidin） （compound 2）, together with five known compounds, nigricanin- 4＇-O-β-D-glucoside （compound 3）, irifloside （compound 4）, irigenin （compound 5）, 5, 3＇, 4＇-trimethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavone （compound 6）, and nigricanin （compound 7） were isolated from the alcoholic extract of rhizomes of Iris leptophylla Lingelsh. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.     

Epiphorellic acids 1 and 2, two diaryl ethers from the lichen Cornicularia epiphorella

From the lichen Cornicularia epiphorella two new diaryl ethers, epiphorellic acids 1 and 2, were isolated besides the known compound atranorin. The structures of the new compounds were established by spectroscopic evidence and chemical transformations. The structure of epiphorellic acid 1 was also confirmed by correlation with a known compound.     

The chemical constituents of the fungus Stereum sp

Four new compounds, including a sesquiterpene and three aromatic compounds, and a known compound were isolated from a culture broth of the fungus Stereum sp. The novel sesquiterpene was determined to be stereumone A ((+)-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8a,9-octahydro-5-hydroxy-6,6,9-trimethyl-4,8a-epoxynaphtho[2,3-b]furan-8(8H)-one; 1), and the three new aromatic compounds were elucidated as 3,5-dihydroxy-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde (2), 5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one (3), butyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate (4), together with the known compound methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate (5). The structures were established by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR techniques. Compounds 2 and 4 showed evident nematicidal activity against nematode Panagrellus redivivus.     

A new phenylpropanoid ester from the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris and its chemotaxonomic significance

A new phenylpropanoid ester, anthriscusin I (1), along with six known compounds (2–7) were isolated from the Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm roots. The new compound structure was elucidated via spectroscopic analyses, while the known compounds were identified via comparison literature. The chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was discussed.     

Novel bioactive compound from the Sparassis crispa mushroom

A novel compound (2) and a known one (1) were isolated from the mushroom, Sparassis crispa. Both compounds inhibited melanin synthesis and MRSA growth.     

Soraphinol C, a new free-radical scavenger from Sorangium cellulosum

A new compound named soraphinol C (1) was isolated from myxobacteria Sorangium cellulosum KM1001 a soil isolate, together with a structurally related known compound, 4-hydroxysattabacin (2). These compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and recycling preparative HPLC, consecutively. The structures of the compounds were determined on the basis of combined spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited antioxidant activity as a radical scavenger in the experiment using a hydrophilic free-radical initiator, 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride with ORAC values of 0.956 and 0.617, respectively.     

Chemical Constituents of Siegesbeckia orientalis L.

The aerial parts of Siegesbeckia have been used as the traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of rheumatic arthritis, hypertension, malaria, neurasthenia, and snakebite. In order to find new and bioactive compounds, the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of S. orientalis L. were investigated and two new compounds, namely β-D-glucopyranosyl-ent-2-oxo-15,16-dihydroxy-pimar-8（14）-en-19-oic-late （compound 1 ） and [1 （10） E,4Z]-8β-angeloyloxy-9α-methoxy-6α, 15-dihydroxy-14-oxogermacra-1 （10）,4,11 （13）-trien-12-oic acid 12,6-1actone （compound 2）, as well as five known ent-pimarane diterpenes （compounds 3-7） were isolated. The structures of the two new compounds were identified by their physicochemical properties and spectral analysis, particularly oneand two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectral methods.     

Antimicrobial activity of nitrochalcone and pentyl caffeate against hospital pathogens results in decreased microbial adhesion and biofilm formation

The present study investigated the antimicrobial, anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm activity of the modified synthetic molecules nitrochalcone (NC-E05) and pentyl caffeate (C5) against microorganisms which have a high incidence in hospital-acquired infections. The compounds were further tested for their preliminary systemic toxicity in vivo. NC-E05 and C5 showed antimicrobial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging between 15.62 and 31.25?μg ml^?1. Treatment with NC-E05 and C5 at 1?×?MIC and/or 10?×?MIC significantly reduced mono or mixed-species biofilm formation and viability. At MIC/2, the compounds decreased microbial adhesion to HaCaT keratinocytes from 1 to 3?h (p?<?0.0001). In addition, NC-E05 and C5 demonstrated low toxicity in vivo in the Galleria mellonella model at anti-biofilm concentrations. Thus, the chemical modification of these molecules proved to be effective in the proposed anti-biofilm activity, opening opportunities for the development of new antimicrobials.     

Phenolic glycosides from Symplocos racemosa: natural inhibitors of phosphodiesterase I

One new phenolic glycoside named benzoylsalireposide (1) along with one known phenolic glycoside named salireposide (2) have been isolated from Symplocos racemosa. Four other known compounds i.e. beta-amyrin (3), oleonolic acid (4), beta-sitosterol (5) and beta-sitosterol glycoside (6) were also isolated from this plant. The structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was based primarily on 1D- and 2D-NMR analysis, including COSY, HMQC, and HMBC correlations. The compound 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activity against snake venom phosphodiesterase I.     

Chemical Constituents of Pyrola calliantha H. Andres: The Structure and Identification of Hydroxylrenifolin

Pyrola calliantha is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, from which two chemical compounds were isolated. On the basis of spectroscopy (VU, IR, NMR, MS), a new compound, named hydroxylrenifolin was elucidated as 8-β-glucosyloxy-2-hydroxymethyl-7- methyl-1, 4-dihydronapthalene-5-ol (1). And another known compound was identified as catechin (3).     

Xanthones and Phenylpropanoids from the Whole Herb of Swertia pseudochinensis and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity

An undescribed xanthone dimer, 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxy-7-(1′,5′,8′-trihydroxy-3′-methoxy-2′-xanthonyl)xanthone ( 1 ) was separated together with eleven known compounds ( 2 – 12 ) from the dried whole herb of Swertia pseudochinensis. It was the first time that the compounds 8 – 12 were isolated from the Swertia genus. The structure of compound 1 was illuminated based on chemical evidence and spectral data analysis (UV, 1D and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS). Moreover, the inhibitory effects of all compounds on NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells were tested, compounds 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 and 12 showing significant inhibition. The IC₅₀ value of compound 12 was 3.05±1.10 μM. Using target screening and molecular docking, we hypothesized that compound 12 may bind neutrophil elastase to exert its anti-inflammatory effects.     

傣族药用植物盆架树中的三萜

从傣族药用植物盆架树(Winchia calophylla A. DC.)茎皮的石油醚可溶部分分离到9个化合物,经现代波谱技术证明,其中之一为新化合物,命名为盆架酸(winchic acid).另8个已知化合物分别为羽扇豆烯酮、乙酸羽扇豆酯、桦木酸、乙酸-α-香树醇酯、乌索酸、ptiloepoxide、β-香树醇和cycloeucalenol.     

Studies on the Chemical Constituents of the Leaves of WTBX]Pseudotaxus chienii (Cheng) Cheng

Fourteen compounds were isolated from the leaves of Pseudotaxus chienii (Cheng) Cheng which is uniquely indigenous to China, and their structures were identified mainly by spectrum analyses. Among them, 13 known compounds were determined as: 2-guaiacylpropane-1, 3-diol (1), vanillic acid (2), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy cinnamic acid (3). 3. 5-dimethoxy-phenol (4), taxicatin (5), 5-oxymaltol (6), quercetin-3-rhamnoside (7), (±)-catechin (8), ecdysterone (9), β-sitosterol (10), D-glucose (11), (±)-10-nonacosanol (12) and octacosanoic acid (13). All these compounds butβ-sitosterol were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 and 6 have never been reported in plant kingdom. Another compound was tentatively established as a new compound, named pseudotaxlactone (14).