蔷薇属38个野生种果实的维生素含量及其与分组的关系

对蔷薇属 (Rosa) 38个野生种果实 (以下简称蔷薇果 )的经济性状进行了分析 ,并测定了 VC、VE 和胡萝卜素等重要维生素的含量。蔷薇果 VC 含量在该属种间差异很大 ,以秦岭蔷薇 (R.tsinglingensis)的含量为最高 (2 576mg/ 1 0 0 g) ,德钦蔷薇 (R.deqenensis)的含量为最低 (49mg/ 1 0 0 g)。胡萝卜素含量种间差异明显 ,以软条七蔷薇 (R.henryi)的含量为最高 (1 9.2 4 mg / 1 0 0 g) ,黄刺玫 (R.xanthina)的含量为最低 (0 .0 6 mg/ 1 0 0 g)。 VE 含量种间差异较小 ,在 1 .34 mg/ 1 0 0 g(黄刺玫 )至 3.86 mg/ 1 0 0 g(硕苞蔷薇R.bracteata)之间。对蔷薇亚属 54种野生种果实重要维生素含量的统计分析表明 ,维生素含量与分组具有一定相关性 ,尤以 VC 含量与分组的相关性最为明显 ,桂味组和小叶组 Vc含量很高 (均值都高于 1 80 0mg/ 1 0 0 g) ;合柱组、月季组、木香组和硕苞组含量很低 (均值都在 30 0 mg/ 1 0 0 g以下 ) ,芹叶组除宽刺蔷薇 (R.platyacantha) VC含量很高外 ,其余种类含量都很低 (均值为 1 90 mg/ 1 0 0 g)。胡萝卜素含量与分组也具有一定相关性 ,桂味组、芹叶组、合柱组和硕苞组的胡萝卜素含量较高 ,均值在 6 mg/ 1 0 0 g以上 ;月季组、小叶组和木香组含量较低 ,均值在 0 .4mg/ 1 0 0 g以下。V     

VE和L-肌肽对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、抗氧化、非特异性免疫及血清生化指标的影响

实验以大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）幼鱼[（14.00±0.02）g]为研究对象,采用2×4双因素设计,设2个VE水平（0和75 mg/kg）和4个L-肌肽水平（0、50、100和200 mg/kg）,研究VE和L-肌肽对其生长、抗氧化、非特异性免疫及血清生化指标的影响。实验共分8组,每组3个重复,每个重复46尾鱼,实验周期为8周。结果显示:（1）在饲料中添加75 mg/kg VE显著提高了大菱鲆幼鱼增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）（P < 0.05）,L-肌肽添加量≤100 mg/kg对实验鱼生长性能无显著影响（P>0.05）,添加量为200 mg/kg时鱼体WGR、SGR和蛋白质效率（PER）显著降低,饲料系数（FCR）显著升高（P < 0.05）;（2）VE和L-肌肽对血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量及肝脏总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和MDA含量均具有显著的交互作用（P < 0.05）,在VE 75 mg/kg水平下,L-肌肽添加量为50和100 mg/kg时血清GSH-PX活性最高,L-肌肽添加量为100和200 mg/kg时血清CAT活性最高且与添加量为50 mg/kg差异不显著（P>0.05）,添加100 mg/kg肝脏T-AOC和SOD活性达到最高且50 mg/kg组的SOD与100 mg/kg组差异不显著（P>0.05）,主效应结果显示,VE显著提高了血清T-AOC、SOD及肝脏CAT活性（P < 0.05）,L-肌肽显著提高了血清T-AOC（P < 0.05）;（3）VE和L-肌肽对血清补体C3和LZM活性交互作用显著,在75 mg/kg VE水平下,L-肌肽添加量为50 mg/kg时,补体C3水平最高（P < 0.05）,主效应显示,VE和L-肌肽对血清总蛋白（TP）影响均不显著（P>0.05）;（4）添加VE显著降低了血清总胆固醇（TCHO）和甘油三酯（TG）含量（P < 0.05）,添加L-肌肽显著降低了血清TG含量,且在L-肌肽50 mg/kg时达到最低。综合考虑大菱鲆幼鱼[（14.00-39.43）g]的生长性能、抗氧化性能、非特异性免疫及血清生化指标得出,在实验配方条件下（鱼油70 g/kg,大豆卵磷脂10 g/kg）,添加VE 75 mg/kg时,L-肌肽的适宜添加量为50 mg/kg。     

DNA amounts of roses (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Rosa</Emphasis> L.) and their use in attributing ploidy levels

The aims of the investigation were to characterise variability among the DNA amounts of roses and assess the predictability of ploidy levels from DNA amounts. Chromosome numbers in the genus Rosa range from 2n = 2x = 14 to 2n = 8 x = 56 and aneuploidy is rare. Published 2C DNA amounts range from 0.78 pg in R. xanthina Lindl. and R. sericea Lindl. (2n = 2x = 14) to 2.91 pg in R. canina L. (2n = 5x = 35). In this investigation, DNA amounts were estimated by flow cytometry of leaf nuclei stained with propidium iodide, using Petroselinum crispum (2C DNA amount = 4.46 pg) as the internal calibration standard. Ploidy levels based on DNA amounts (DNA ploidy) were assigned by comparing their DNA amounts with published DNA amounts and identifying peaks and intervening discontinuities in frequency distributions of DNA amounts. 2C DNA amounts ranged from 0.83 pg in R. ecae (2x = 2x = 14) to 3.99 pg in R. acicularis (2n = 8 x = 56). Differences in the 1Cx-values (2C DNA amount/ploidy values) were found among the taxonomic sections of Rosa. Ploidy levels could be confidently assigned to most species and cultivars, but the ploidy of some specimens in the section Caninae was uncertain for reasons attributed to genomic diversity and aneuploidy. Cytochimerism was detected in three cultivars of R. x alba. DNA ploidy was determined in 384 specimens representing 74 species and 5 horticultural classes.     

组培苗鲜罗汉果与干罗汉果营养成分的分析和比较

对组培苗鲜罗汉果与干罗汉果提取物的营养成分进行分析和比较研究,分别测定了蛋白质、脂肪、总糖、碳水化合物、灰分、矿质元素、维生素E和氨基酸含量。结果表明:组培苗鲜罗汉果和干罗汉果蛋白质含量分别为22.23%、19.8%,氨基酸总量分别为12.51%、8.36%,其中人体必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量分别为38.13%、36.36%,矿质元素含量分别为1081mg/100g、1089mg/100g,维生素E含量分别为0.183mg/100g、0.589mg/100g。组培苗鲜罗汉果的蛋白质、氨基酸含量比组培苗干罗汉果分别高2.43%、4.15%,碳水化合物、维生素E含量组培苗干罗汉果比组培苗鲜罗汉果分别高2.44%、0.406mg/100g,矿质元素、粗脂肪、总糖、灰分等含量两者不存在明显差异。     

两种常见海水鱼高温贮存过程中挥发性盐基氮和生物胺含量变化

棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)和龙头鱼(Harpodon nehereus)是我国沿海常见的两种小型海水鱼, 常被作为水产动物饵料, 也可被人类食用。研究检测了这两种鱼在30℃下贮存48h 每隔6h 的挥发性盐基氮(T-VBN)和9 种生物胺(尸胺、腐胺、组胺、酪胺、5-羟色胺、亚精胺、精胺、多巴胺、章鱼胺)的含量变化, 并对这两种鱼的T-VBN 和生物胺含量与时间的相关性进行分析, 为水产品类饵料安全投喂和人类食品安全提供基础资料。结果表明: 两种鱼在相同贮存条件中T-VBN 和生物胺含量均存在一定差异。T-VBN 含量随着贮存时间的延长而逐渐增加, 棘头梅童鱼T-VBN 含量从0h 的8.19 mg/100 g 增加到48h 的568.05 mg/100 g,龙头鱼从0h 的13.16 mg/100 g 增加到48h 的361.34 mg/100 g, 棘头梅童鱼增长值显著高于龙头鱼(PPPP>0.05);多巴胺在两种鱼体内均未检测到。这两种鱼体内T-VBN、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、酪胺含量与时间的相关性均极其显著(P<0.01)。       

盐城滩涂沙棘叶营养成分年动态研究

以2003年4月~10月在盐城滩涂区沙棘(H ipp ophae rham noid es subsp.sinensis)林地采集的沙棘叶为材料,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定氨基酸、维生素和黄酮类物质的含量,并分别用ICP-M S和ICP-AES方法测定有毒重金属Cd、Pb和其它微量元素的含量.结果表明:(1)C a、K、M g、Zn和F e的含量分别在4.860~12.194g/kg、6.361~11.001 g/kg、2.302~3.833 g/kg、25.5~31.0 m g/kg和211~598 m g/kg干重之间;Pb和Cd的含量分别在0.83~2.13 m g/kg和0.29~0.94 m g/kg干重之间;(2)18种氨基酸总含量在13.33~18.41 g/100g干重之间,其中天冬氨酸、色氨酸和谷氨酸含量较高.(3)维生素C、维生素E、芦丁、槲皮素、异鼠李(黄)素含量分别在124.3~190.5 m g/100 g、4.16~7.97 m g/100 g、141.23~352.67 m g/100 g、6.71~32.62 m g/100 g和1.72~3.79 m g/100 g干重之间;(4)粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维和粗灰分含量分别在15.16~22.42 g/100 g、4.36~11.94g/100 g、12.34~17.38 g/100 g和4.90~9.81 g/100 g干重之间.沙棘叶含有丰富的微量元素、氨基酸、维生素和黄酮类物质等营养成分,具有较高的营养价值,可作为动物饲养和其它工业利用的原料.     

Chemical composition of hips essential oils of some Rosa L. species

The chemical composition of the hips essential oils of 9 taxa of Rosa L. was analyzed and compared using the standardized analytical GC and GC/MS methods. The volatile hips oil compositions for these species are presented. All oil samples were dominated by following components: vitispiran (isomer), a-E-acaridial, dodecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, docosane (C22), beta-ionone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2-heptanone, heptanal, myristic acid and linolic acid. Statistical analyses of 97 GC peaks of these oils were used to distinguish compositional patterns. There appeared to be correlation between the essential oil patterns and the classification within Rosa L. Cluster analysis of the composition of main components clearly showed two groups, one constituted by R. rugosa Thunb. from the Cinnamomea section, and the other constituted by the remaining taxa from the Caninae section.     

陕北黄土丘陵区6种植物冠层种子库的初步研究

对陕北黄土丘陵区猪毛蒿（Artemisia scoparia）、铁杆蒿（Artemisia gmelinii）、茭蒿（Artemisia giraldii）、杠柳（Periploca sepium）、狼牙刺（Sophora viciifolia）和黄刺玫（Rosa xanthina）6种植物不同时期的冠层种子宿存量进行了调查。结果显示,6种植物均有不同程度的植冠种子宿存量,翌年4月,黄刺玫的宿存量可达57.60%,狼牙刺的宿存量达31.56%,杠柳的宿存量为6.30%,铁杆蒿的宿存量为2.42%,猪毛蒿的宿存量为1.86%,茭蒿的宿存量为1.16%。猪毛蒿、铁杆蒿、茭蒿、黄刺玫的种子宿存时间可长达7个月之久,狼牙刺、杠柳的宿存时间为5～7个月。     

培养方式对纤细裸藻脂肪酸与氨基酸含量的影响

以纤细裸藻(Euglena gracilis)为实验对象, 研究了培养方式对纤细裸藻生长、脂肪酸、氨基酸的影响, 并探讨了可能的作用机理。结果表明, 与其他培养方式相比, 光诱导可提高纤细裸藻总脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量, 分别为2.69、0.52和1.475 g/100 g; 饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量由高到低依次为异养组、光诱导组、自养组和兼养组, 其中异养组含量达1.008 g/100 g; 游离氨基酸含量由高到低依次为光诱导组、兼养组、异养组和自养组, 分别为381.57、358.1、330.17和231.1 mg/g; 兼养组必需氨基酸含量最高, 为134.37 mg/g。实验结果说明光诱导培养可显著提高纤细裸藻总脂肪酸、MUFA和PUFA含量(P<0.05); 异养培养可显著提高纤细裸藻饱和脂肪酸含量(P<0.05); 兼养培养可显著提高纤细裸藻必需氨基酸含量(P<0.05)。研究结果为阐明纤细裸藻对不同培养方式的响应提供了科学依据, 同时为其开发应用提供数据支持。     

Distribution of Tocotrienols in Rats Fed a Rice Bran Tocotrienol Concentrate

To examine the distribution of rice bran tocotrienol (T3), we gave rice bran T3 to rats after considering an acceptable daily intake of vitamin E for humans. Male SD rats (5 weeks of age) were fed for 3 weeks on a commercial diet containing 6.4 mg of vitamin E per 100 g wt and additively received vitamin E or the vehicle (vitamin E-free corn oil) by oral intubation. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups depending on the type of test diet: control (vehicle), non-T3 (no T3 + 4.3 mg of tocopherol (TOC)/kg body weight (b.w.)/day), low-T3 (0.8 mg T3 + 3.5 mg TOC/kg b.w./day), and high-T3 (3.2 mg T3 + 1.1 mg TOC/kg b.w./day). The control rats and rats in the non-T3, low-T3, and high-T3 groups took 4.3 and 8.6 mg of vitamin E/kg b.w./day, respectively. Rice bran γ-T3 was significantly distributed to the adipose tissue and increased from 1.1 to 10.2 nmol/g of adipose tissue according to the rice bran T3 intake.     

Distribution of tocotrienols in rats fed a rice bran tocotrienol concentrate

To examine the distribution of rice bran tocotrienol (T3), we gave rice bran T3 to rats after considering an acceptable daily intake of vitamin E for humans. Male SD rats (5 weeks of age) were fed for 3 weeks on a commercial diet containing 6.4 mg of vitamin E per 100 g wt and additively received vitamin E or the vehicle (vitamin E-free corn oil) by oral intubation. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups depending on the type of test diet: control (vehicle), non-T3 (no T3 + 4.3 mg of tocopherol (TOC)/kg body weight (b.w.)/day), low-T3 (0.8 mg T3 + 3.5 mg TOC/kg b.w./day), and high-T3 (3.2 mg T3 + 1.1 mg TOC/kg b.w./day). The control rats and rats in the non-T3, low-T3, and high-T3 groups took 4.3 and 8.6 mg of vitamin E/kg b.w./day, respectively. Rice bran gamma-T3 was significantly distributed to the adipose tissue and increased from 1.1 to 10.2 nmol/g of adipose tissue according to the rice bran T3 intake.     

Vitamin C - vitamin E interaction in juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens R.), a fish able to synthesize ascorbic acid

The hypothesis that vitamin C interacts with vitamin E in vivo was investigated in juvenile lake sturgeon. Ten-month old lake sturgeon were fed diets supplemented with either 0 or 1250 mg ascorbic acid/kg diet concomitantly with either 0 or 200 mg α tocopherol/kg diet for 7 weeks at 17°C. Dietary vitamin C supplement resulted in significant increases of ascorbate concentrations in the posterior kidney and liver of sturgeon. Dietary vitamin E omission affected liver concentrations of α-tocopherol (10.0 ± 4.5 μg/g) in comparison to sturgeon fed a diet supplemented with vitamin E and vitamin C (99.5 ± 22.9 μg/g). Dietary vitamin C supplement decreased liver α-tocopherol concentration in vitamin E-deprived sturgeon. Also, vitamin E supplement lowered posterior kidney and liver ascorbic acid concentrations in vitamin C-deprived sturgeon. Gulonolactone oxidase and dehydroascorbic acid reductase activities were stimulated in groups fed vitamin C. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances concentrations (an indicator of lipid peroxidation) were higher in sturgeon fed either of vitamins as compared to sturgeon deprived of both vitamins. The results suggested that large doses of vitamins C and E may be prooxidant in vivo.     

Metabolite biodiversity in pepper (Capsicum) fruits of thirty-two diverse accessions: variation in health-related compounds and implications for breeding

A comprehensive study on morphology and biochemical compounds of 32 Capsicum spp. accessions has been performed. Accessions represented four pepper species, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Capsicum chinense and Capsicum baccatum which were selected by their variation in morphological characters such as fruit color, pungency and origin. Major metabolites in fruits of pepper, carotenoids, capsaicinoids (pungency), flavonoid glycosides, and vitamins C and E were analyzed and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that composition and level of metabolites in fruits varied greatly between accessions and was independent of species and geographical location. Fruit color was determined by the accumulation of specific carotenoids leading to salmon, yellow, orange, red and brown colored fruits. Levels of both O- and C-glycosides of quercetin, luteolin and apigenin varied strongly between accessions. All non-pungent accessions were devoid of capsaicins, whereas capsaicinoid levels ranged from 0.07 up to 80 mg/100g fr. wt. in fruit pericarp. In general, pungent accessions accumulated the highest capsaicinoid levels in placenta plus seed tissue compared to pericarp. The non-pungent capsaicinoid analogs, capsiates, could be detected at low levels in some pungent accessions. All accessions accumulated high levels of vitamin C, up to 200 mg/100g fr. wt. The highest vitamin E concentration found was 16 mg/100g fr. wt. Based on these metabolic data, five accessions were selected for further metabolic and molecular analysis, in order to isolate key genes involved in the production of these compounds and to assist future breeding programs aimed at optimizing the levels of health-related compounds in pepper fruit.     

翅果油树群落优势种群生态位分析

应用Shannon-Weaver指数和Petraitis的方法,研究了山西翅果油树群落21个优势种群的生态位宽度和生态位普遍重叠和特定重叠,结果表明：翅果油树和黄刺玫的生态位宽度最大,这主要是由于它们具有广泛的适应性。翅果油树在其它种群上的特定重叠远远小于其余20种植物在翅果油树群种上的特定重叠值。21个优势种群之间并不存在完全的普遍重叠。主要与它们对水分和光照不同的适应性有关。草本植物之间的特定重叠大于灌木。21种植物仅有4个种对(本氏针茅和野古草、野古草与本氏针茅、本氏针茅与多花枸子木和金花忍冬与白刺花)之间存在完全的特定重叠。     

Contribution of Bioactive Compounds to the Antioxidant Capacity of the Edible Mushroom Neolentinus lepideus

Neolentinus lepideus is a fungus consumed by rural communities in Central America and Asia due to its rich flavor; however, little information on its chemical composition is available. With this in mind, the objective of this work was to determine the content of vitamin E and C, ergosterol, and phenolic compounds of this fungus, as well as its antioxidant capacity. The quantified bioactive compounds were two isoforms of vitamin E, highlighting α-tocopherol (3370.35 mg/100 g dry weight, DW) and ergosterol (11.70 mg/100 g DW). The total phenolic content was 164.80 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g, and nine phenolic compounds were identified (protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, vanillic, ferulic, salicylic, p-anisic, trans-cinnamic acids, and scopoletin). The highest antioxidant capacity was detected in the lipophilic extract with TEAC (27688 μmoles Trolox equivalents/100 g). These results suggest that lipophilic compounds are among the main bioactive compounds in N. lepideus, and they might exhibit the highest radical scavenging properties in non-polar extracts.     

Influence of vitamin E on gastric mucosal injury induced by Helicobacter pylori infection

We investigated the effect of vitamin E on gastric mucosal injury induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Male Mongolian gerbils were divided into 4 groups (normal group without H. pylori infection, vitamin E-deficient, -sufficient and -supplemented groups with H. pylori infection). Following oral inoculation with H. pylori (ATCC43504 2 x 10(8) CFU), animals were fed diets alpha-tocopherol 2 mg/100 g diet in the normal and vitamin E-sufficient groups and alpha-tocopherol 0.1 mg/100 g and 50 mg/100 g in the vitamin E-deficient and -supplemented groups, respectively, for 24 weeks. Chronic gastritis was detected in all gerbils inoculated H. pylori. Gastric ulcer was detected in 2 of 7 gerbils only in the vitamin E-deficient group. In the vitamin E-deficient group, myeloperoxidase activity and mouse keratinocyte derived chemokine (KC) in gastric mucosa was significantly higher than in the vitamin E supplemented group. Subsequently, in an in vitro study expression of CD11b/CD18 on neutrophils was enhanced by H. pylori water extract. This effect was suppressed in a dose dependent manner by the addition of alpha-tocopherol. These results suggest that vitamin E has a protective effect on gastric mucosal injury induced by H. pylori infection in gerbils, through the inhibition of accumulation of activated neutrophils.     

Modification of reperfusion-induced ionic imbalance by free radical scavengers in spontaneously hypertensive rat retina

We studied the effects of free radical scavengers, superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin E, and EGB 761, on ion shifts (Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺) induced by ischemia reperfusion in rat retina obtained from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eyes were subjected to 90 min of retinal ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Two basic protocols were used: (1) chronic application, in which rats received SOD (7500, 15,000, and 30,000 U/kg, i.v.), vitamin E (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, i.v.), and EGB 671 (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, orally) for 10 d, respectively; and (2) acute administration, in which 7500, 15,000, and 30,000 U/kg of SOD, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of vitamin E, and 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of EGB 761 were administered after an ischemic episode, at the onset of reperfusion, respectively. In the drug-free control group, 90 min ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion resulted in an accumulation of retinal sodium and calcium from their nonischemic control values of 76 ± 4 and 3.2 ± 0.1 μmol/g dry weight to 112 ± 6 (p < .001) and 6.2 (p < .001) μmol/g dry weight, respectively. Tissue potassium loss was also observed in this model of retinal ischemia reperfusion, and after 90 min ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion potassium content was significantly reduced from its nonischemic control value of 266 ± 5 to 207 ± 6 (p < .001) μmol/g dry weight. The chronic administration of SOD, vitamin E, and EGB 761 dose dependently reduced the reperfusion-induced ionic imbalance and improved the recovery of retinal ion contents. When these drugs were administered at the onset of reperfusion (acute administration), SOD and EGB 761 still significantly improved the recovery of retinal ion contents, but vitamin E failed to protect the ischemic reperfused retina. Our results indicate that the elimination of oxygen free radicals by free radicals scavengers may reduce the reperfusion-induced ionic imbalance and improve the ionic homeostasis in the injured retinal cells obtained from spontaneously hypertensive rats.     

月季遗传资源的评价与利用

国产蔷薇属植物82种,约占世界总数的41%.在近200种蔷薇属植物中,只有15种参与了现代月季的形成,新的遗传资源的引入是月季抗性育种的关键.现代月季品种达25000多个,但在欧洲苗圃销售的不到3000个,而以丰花月季为主.月季抗病遗传资源的研究主要针对黑斑病、白粉病和根结线虫.分子标记已广泛应用于月季亲缘关系分析、遗传图谱的构建和品种的鉴定.蔷薇果含有丰富的Vc和药用价值.     

Oxidative status of plasma and muscle in rabbits supplemented with dietary vitamin E

Thirty New Zealand white rabbits, mean weight 2 kg, were divided into three equal groups balanced for body weight and randomly assigned to a diet containing 60 (C), 150 (T1) or 375 (T2) mg/kg of all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate. After 29 days, the animals were slaughtered. alpha-Tocopherol was assayed in muscle (longissimus dorsi) and plasma; triglycerides and cholesterol (total, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein) were analysed in plasma; reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) were analysed in serum; and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were analysed in muscle. There were no body weight and food intake differences between the groups. The plasma vitamin E and vitamin E:lipid ratio were significantly higher in groups T1 and T2 than in C, but increases were not linearly related to dietary levels. Muscle alpha-tocopherol concentrations in the treated groups were significantly higher than in C, and linearly related (R =.67) to the vitamin E:lipid ratio. ROM and vitamin E levels in blood were inversely related (R =.74), with ROMs significantly lower in the treated groups than in C. The 60-mg/kg dose of C recommended by the National Research Council was unable to control ROM production. Lipid oxidation in muscle was significantly lower in T2 than in the other groups, and TBARS correlated significantly with muscle vitamin E (R =.61) and serum ROM (R =.73). These data suggest that vitamin E supplemented at 375 mg/kg diet can effectively control ROM production and improve muscle lipostability. ROM assay provides a useful indirect estimate of the oxidative status of muscle in vivo.     

广东8种野菜中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐及Vc的含量

测定了广东菊科8种野菜中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和维生素C的含量,结果表明：革命菜、一点红、苣荬菜的硝酸盐含量低于轻度污染水平,属于一级野菜;山莴苣、地胆草、加拿大蓬和艾的硝酸盐含量低于785mg/kg,达中度污染水平,属二级蔬菜范围,不宜生食,煮熟或盐渍可安全食用;甜菜籽属于三级蔬菜,不可生食和盐渍,可熟食.这些野菜维生素C的含量均低于50mg/100g（鲜重）,属于中、低维生素C含量的野菜.